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Year 6 Science

Science Notes

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Nyakwar Leoh Nyabaya
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311 views

Year 6 Science

Science Notes

Uploaded by

Nyakwar Leoh Nyabaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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YEAR 6 SCIENCE

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Blood circulation is the flow of blood from the heart to all parts of the body and then back to the heart.
The circulatory system is made up of the heart, blood as well as the blood vessels.

Blood is circulated in two main ways:

1. From the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and then back to the heart

2. From the heart to the rest of the body


PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

1. The Heart

The heart is a muscular organ located in the chest cavity. Its purpose is to pump blood to all parts of the
body.
It is divided into two main parts; the left side and the right side.

The heart is made up of 4 chambers; the upper two chambers are identified as auricles while the bottom
two chambers are identified as ventricles.
Four main blood vessels connect to the heart:

 Pulmonary artery

 Pulmonary vein

 Vena Cava

 Aorta

Deoxygenated blood from all parts of the body (except the lungs) enters the heart through the vena
cava, which is largest vein in the human body.
Oxygenated blood leaves the heart through the aorta, which is the largest artery in the human body.
The right auricles receive blood from all parts of the body and directs it to the right ventricle which
pumps this blood to the lungs for oxygenation. This blood is carried to the lungs through the pulmonary
artery.
Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the left auricle through the pulmonary vein. It then flows to
the muscular left ventricle and is pumped to the rest of the body through the aorta.
2. BLOOD

Blood is made up of 4 main components:

 Plasma

 Red blood cells

 White blood cells

 Platelets

Plasma is identified as the liquid part of the blood and is responsible for transporting substances
through the body.
White blood cells fight germs in the body and gives the human body the much required immunity
against diseases.

Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body.

Platelets helps prevent excessive bleeding by clotting.

BLOOD VESSELS
These are tubes through which blood flows.
There are three types of blood vessels

1. Arteries

2. Veins

3. Capillaries

Arteries

- Are thick walled with a narrow lumen.


- All arteries, except the pulmonary artery, carry oxygenated blood from the heart.

Veins

They have a wide lumen.


They have valves are intervals.
All veins, except the pulmonary vein carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart.

Capillaries

They are thin-walled.


They are the point of exchange between the arteries and the veins.
IMPORTANCE OF BLOOD

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