Scribd
Upload
21 views

Introduction To The Principles of Photography

Thbg

Uploaded by

rodregomariateresa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Introduction To The Principles of Photography

Thbg

Uploaded by

rodregomariateresa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Introduction to the principles of Photography

Modern definition:
Photography is an art or science which deals with the reproduction of images through the
action of light upon sensitized materials, with the aid of a camera and its accessories, and the
chemical processes involved therein. (Aquino 1972)

Technical/Legal definition:
Modern photography may be defined as any means for the chemical, thermal electrical or
electronic recording of the images on sensitized materials, or objects formed by some type of
radiant energy, including gamma rays This definition is broad enough to include not only the
conventional methods of photography but almost any new process that may be developed
(Scott 1975)

Police Photography:
Police photography is an art or science which deals with study of the principles of photography,
the preparation of photographic evidence, and its application to police work (Aquino 1972)

Forensic Photography
It is the art or science of photographically documenting a crime scene and evidence for
laboratory examination and analysis for purposes of court trial (Redicker 2001).

Photography as a tool of Investigation


-Police Photography is a versatile tool of investigation

Important Personalities in Police Photography


• Joseph Nicephore Niepce - was able to obtain camera images on papers sensitized with silver
chloride solution in 1816.He invented a photographic process which he called "heliography"
meaning "writing of the sun"
 Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre - invented "Daguerreotype", an early photograph produced on a
silver or silver-covered copper plate. It formed an image directly on the silver surface of a metal
plate. It was a positive process, thus, it yielded one of a kind images.
 Richard Leach Maddox was an English photographer and physician who invented light weight
gelatin negative plates for photography in 1871.
 Frederick Scott Archer - invented the photographic collodion process which preceded the
modern gelatin emulsion. Collodion is a wound dressing material made of nitrated cotton
dissolved in ether and alcohol and other chemicals on sheet of glass.
 George Eastman founded the Eastman Kodak company and invented roll film, helping bring
photography to the mainstream.
Uses of Photography

• Personal Identification- Personal identification is considered to be the first application of


photography in police work. Alphonse Bertillon_was the first police who utilized photography in
police work as a supplementary identification in his anthropometry system.
• Communication- photograph is considered to be one of the most universal methods of
communication considering that no other language can be known universally than photograph.
• Record Purposes- it is considered as the utmost use of photography is police work. Photography
is considered as a versatile tool of investigation.

Rogues Gallery- a collection of pictures of persons arrested as criminals.

• Court Exhibits- almost all evidence presented in court before formally accepted requires that
they satisfy the basic requirements for admissibility which are relevancy and competency.
• Crime Prevention- with the use of video camera and other advanced photographic equipment,
crimes are being detected more easily and even to the extent of preventing them from initially
occurring.
• Police Training- modern photography is now being used as instructional material not only in
police training but also in other activities in other agencies.
• Reproduction and Copying with the use of photography, any number of reproductions of the
evidence can be made those giving unlimited opportunity for its examination and even allow
other experts or person to examine he specimen without compromising the original.
• Discovering and proving- photography can extend human vision in discovering and proving
things such as the use of magnification.

Magnification in Photography
• Photomicrography- taking a magnified photograph of small objects through attaching a camera
to the ocular compound microscope so as to show a minute details of the physical evidence. It is
just shooting pictures using a microscope.
• Microphotography is taking photographs on extremely small film (Micro film) to produce tiny
images that can only be seen when magnified. It is a production, by optical reduction, of very
small photographs from much larger subjects. It is just the opposite og photomicrography.
• Photomacrography- used synonymously with macrophotography. It is the taking of a magnified
or enlarged photograph on small objects without the use of microscope, by attaching an
extended macro lens or tube lens to the camera. It is the art of taking extreme close-up
photographs of small subjects such as insects, flowers or other small objects.
• Telephotography- process of taking photograph of a far object with the aid of telephoto lens.
Camera as a component of Photography
Camera is a light-tight box; with a lens to form an image with a shutter and diaphragm to control the
entry of the image; a means of holding a film to record the image/and a viewer or viewfinder to show
the photographer what the image is.

Camera originated from the term camera obscura - an optical device used, in drawing or for
entertainment. It is one of the inventions leading to photography.

Parts of a Camera
• Light Tight Box. This part of the camera is very essential because of its capability to exclude all
unwanted light that may expose the sensitized materials or film. It is an enclosure that is devoid
of light.
• Lens. The lens is the only responsible in focusing the rays of light coming from the subject. It is
one of the most important parts of camera because without lens, it is impossible to form a sharp
image of the film.
• Film Holder. The film holder holds the film firmly inside the camera. It is always located at the
opposite side of the lens of the camera.
• Shutter. The shutter served as the barriers of the rays of light that will enter and effect the film
inside the camera. It is usually placed at the path of the light passing thru the lens.

Major Types of Camera


1. View Finder Type - The smallest and simplest type of camera. This is also known as instamatic
camera. View finder camera suffers parallax error.

2.Single Lens Reflex Type- The best way to determine the entire coverage of the camera is to look
behind the lens of the camera. In this manner the object can be framed properly and recorded on the
film. This type of camera eliminates the problem of parallax error.

Major Types of Camera

3. Twin Lens Reflex Camera - has two lens, one for viewing and focusing on the subject and for taking
lens. In this type of camera, the image to be photographed is seen as flat surface as the image is
reflected by the mirror behind the viewing lens. This suffers parallax error.

Parallax error the image you see through the view finder is different from the image the lens will
capture.

4. VIEW OR PRESS TYPE CAMERA - The biggest and most sophisticated among the different type of
camera. This type of camera is practically useless for candid and action photography.

You might also like