BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Packet Tracer – Subnetting Network Topologies

Names: BSIT – 2A
Mark Cleo Calbang
Clarence Simoran

Objectives

Parts 1 to 5, for each network topology:

• Determine the number of subnets.

• Design an appropriate addressing scheme.
• Assign addresses and subnet mask pairs to device interfaces.
• Examine the use of the available network address space and future growth
potential.

Background / Scenario

When given a network topology, it is important to be able to determine the number of

subnets required. In this lab, several scenario topologies will be provided, along with a
base network address and mask. You will subnet the network address and provide an IP
addressing scheme that will accommodate the number of subnets displayed in the
topology diagram. You must determine the number of bits to borrow, the number of hosts
per subnet, and potential for growth as specified by the instructions.

Part 1: Network Topology A

In Part 1, you have been given the 192.168.10.0/24 network address to subnet, with the
following topology. Determine the number of networks needed and then design an
appropriate addressing scheme.

Step 1: Determine the number of subnets in Network Topology A.

a. How many subnets are there? 2

b. How many bits should you borrow to create the required number of subnets? 1

c. How many usable host addresses per subnet are in this addressing scheme? 126

d. What is the new subnet mask in dotted decimal format? 255.255.255.128

e. How many subnets are available for future use? 0

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Step 2: Record the subnet information.

Fill in the following table with the subnet information:

Subnet Subnet First Usable Last Usable Broadcast

Number Address Host Address Host Address Address

0 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.126 192.168.10.127

1 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.129 192.168.10.254 192.168.10.255

2

Part 2: Network Topology B

The network topology from Part 1 has expanded to accommodate the addition of router
R3 and its accompanying network, as illustrated in the following topology. Use the
192.168.10.0/24 network address to provide addresses to the network devices, and then
design a new addressing scheme to support the additional network requirement.

Step 1: Determine the number of subnets in Network Topology B.

a. How many subnets are there? 4

b. How many bits should you borrow to create the required number of subnets? 2

c. How many usable host addresses per subnet are in this addressing scheme? 62

d. What is the new subnet mask in dotted decimal format? 255.255.255.192

e. How many subnets are available for future use? 0

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Step 2: Record the subnet information.

Fill in the following table with the subnet information:

Subnet Subnet First Usable Last Usable Broadcast

Number Address Host Address Host Address Address

0 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.62 192.168.10.63

1 192.168.10.64 192.168.10.65 192.168.10.126 192.168.10.127

2 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.129 192.168.10.190 192.168.10.191

3 192.168.10.192 192.168.10.193 192.168.10.254 192.168.10.255

Part 3: Network Topology C

The topology has changed again with a new LAN added to R2 and a redundant link
between R1 and R3. Use the 192.168.10.0/24 network address to provide addresses to the
network devices. Also provide an IP address scheme that will accommodate these
additional devices. For this topology, assign a subnet to each network.

Step 1: Determine the number of subnets in Network Topology C.

a. How many subnets are there? 6

b. How many bits should you borrow to create the required number of subnets? 3

c. How many usable host addresses per subnet are in this addressing scheme? 30

d. What is the new subnet mask in dotted decimal format? 255.255.255.224

e. How many subnets are available for future use? 2

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Step 2: Record the subnet information.

Fill in the following table with the subnet information:

Subnet Subnet First Usable Last Usable Broadcast

Number Address Host Address Host Address Address

0 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.30 192.168.10.31

1 192.168.10.32 192.168.10.33 192.168.10.62 192.168.10.63

2 192.168.10.64 192.168.10.65 192.168.10.94 192.168.10.95

3 192.168.10.96 192.168.10.97 192.168.10.126 192.168.10.127

4 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.129 192.168.10.158 192.168.10.159

5 192.168.10.160 192.168.10.161 192.168.10.190 192.168.10.191

6 192.168.10.192 192.168.10.193 192.168.10.222 192.168.10.223

7 192.168.10.224 192.168.10.225 192.168.10.254 192.168.10.255

10

Step 3: Assign addresses to network devices in the subnets.

a. Fill in the following table with IP addresses and subnet masks for the router interfaces:

Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask

GigabitEthernet 0/1 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.224

R1 Serial 0/0/0 192.168.10.33 255.255.255.224

Serial 0/0/1 192.168.10.65 255.255.255.224

GigabitEthernet 0/1 192.168.10.97 255.255.255.224

R2 Serial 0/0/0 192.168.10.34 255.255.255.224

Serial 0/0/1 192.168.10.129 255.255.255.224

GigabitEthernet 0/1 192.168.10.161 255.255.255.224

R3 Serial 0/0/0 192.168.10.66 255.255.255.224

Serial 0/0/1 192.168.10.130 255.255.255.224

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b. Fill in the following table with the IP addresses and subnet masks for devices in the LAN
as displayed in topology.

Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway

PC-A NIC 192.168.10.30 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.1

PC-B NIC 192.168.10.29 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.1

S1 VLAN 1 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.1

PC-C NIC 192.168.10.126 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.97

PC-D NIC 192.168.10.125 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.97

S2 VLAN 1 192.168.10.98 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.97

PC-E NIC 192.168.10.190 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.161

PC-F NIC 192.168.10.189 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.161

S3 VLAN 1 192.168.10.162 255.255.255.224 192.168.10.161

Part 4: Network Topology D

The network was modified to accommodate changes in the organization. The

192.168.10.0/24 network address is used to provide the addresses in the network.

Step 1: Determine the number of subnets in Network Topology D.

a. How many subnets are there? 9
b. How many bits should you borrow to create the required number of subnets? 4
c. How many usable host addresses per subnet are in this addressing scheme? 14
d. What is the new subnet mask in dotted decimal format? 255.255.255.240
e. How many subnets are available for future use? 7

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Step 2: Record the subnet information.

Fill in the following table with the subnet information.

Subnet Subnet First Usable Last Usable Host Broadcast

Number Address Host Address Address Address

0 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.14 192.168.10.15

1 192.168.10.16 192.168.10.17 192.168.10.30 192.168.10.31

2 192.168.10.32 192.168.10.33 192.168.10.46 192.168.10.47

3 192.168.10.48 192.168.10.49 192.168.10.62 192.168.10.63

4 192.168.10.64 192.168.10.65 192.168.10.78 192.168.10.79

5 192.168.10.80 192.168.10.81 192.168.10.94 192.168.10.95

6 192.168.10.96 192.168.10.97 192.168.10.110 192.168.10.111

7 192.168.10.112 192.168.10.111 192.168.10.126 192.168.10.127

8 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.129 192.168.10.142 192.168.10.143

9 192.168.10.144 192.168.10.145 192.168.10.158 192.168.10.159

10 192.168.10.160 192.168.10.161 192.168.10.174 192.168.10.175

11 192.168.10.176 192.168.10.177 192.168.10.190 192.168.10.191

12 192.168.10.192 192.168.10.193 192.168.10.206 192.168.10.207

13 192.168.10.208 192.168.10.209 192.168.10.222 192.168.10.223

14 192.168.10.224 192.168.10.225 192.168.10.238 192.168.10.239

15 192.168.10.240 192.168.10.241 192.168.10.254 192.168.10.255

16

17

Step 3: Assign addresses to network devices in the subnets.

a. Fill in the following table with IP addresses and subnet masks for the router interfaces:

Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask

R1 GigabitEthernet 0/0 172.16.128.1 255.255.248.0

GigabitEthernet 0/1 172.16.136.1 255.255.248.0

Serial 0/0/0 172.16.144.1 255.255.248.0

Serial 0/0/1 172.16.152.1 255.255.248.0

R2 GigabitEthernet 0/0 172.16.160.1 255.255.248.0

GigabitEthernet 0/1 172.16.168.1 255.255.248.0

Serial 0/0/0 172.16.144.2 255.255.248.0

Serial 0/0/1 172.16.176.1 255.255.248.0

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Device Interface IP Address Subnet Mask

R3 GigabitEthernet 0/0 172.16.184.1 255.255.248.0

GigabitEthernet 0/1 172.16.192.1 255.255.248.0

Serial 0/0/0 172.16.152.2 255.255.248.0

Serial 0/0/1 172.16.176.2 255.255.248.0

Reflection

1. What information is needed when determining an appropriate addressing scheme for a

network?
- When determining an appropriate addressing scheme for a network, it's essential to consider the number of
networks (subnets) and the number of hosts required.

2. After the subnets are assigned, will all the host addresses be utilized in each subnet?
- No. For WAN serial links, only two addresses will be used. For subnets with PCs, all the addresses can be
used.

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