OBJECTIVE

➢ Explain the different processes that occur along the

plate boundaries.
GUIDE CARD 1

An orphan boy named Jeff is living in a lonely place. One day, he decided
to sail across the ocean to look for his dream land.

He actually found his dream land in a faraway place. But after 20 years
of staying there, he thought of coming back to his lonely place. And this
is what he saw…

How could this be possible? Turn to the next page…

 Converging Oceanic Crust and Continental Crust

What happens here?

• Oceanic crust and continental crust collide
• Oceanic crust undergoes subduction process because it is denser
• The subducted crust melt forming magma
• Addition of water makes magma less dense so it will rise and volcanoes are
formed on the continental crust
• A trench (also called submarine valleys) is formed in the oceanic crust
• The subduction of plate can cause earthquakes

Isn’t it amazing? Yes, it is! Now, turn to the next page to continue
Jeff’s adventure.
 GUIDE CARD 2
The lonely place where Jeff once lived has now become a horrible place
because of the many active volcanoes that could erupt anytime. So he
decided to sail back to dream land but he lost his way and he found this…

After Jeff managed to cross these islands and trench, he was stranded
in the Philippines.

How are these islands and trench formed? What makes the Philippines
an archipelago? If you want to know the answers, turn to the next
page.
 Convergence of Oceanic Plates

What happens here?

• Two oceanic crust collide
• Philippine plate and Eurasian plate is an example
• Older, denser oceanic crust is subducted
• Chain of islands, volcanoes and trenches are formed
• Source of stronger earthquakes that can generate tsunamis
• Philippine trench is a product of subducting Philippine Sea Plate beneath the
archipelago
• The Mariana Islands are on the edge of the Philippine Plate.
• Marianas Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans. It is located in the
Western Pacific East of Philippines.
 GUIDE CARD 3
Through the help of Filipino fishermen, Jeff was able to sail through
Indian ocean. He decided to stay in Indian land to take a rest after a
long travel.

Suddenly, an earthquake occurred! He laid on the ground facing down.

When he got up, this is what he saw…

Why do mountains form after the earthquake? What other geologic

features are formed aside from mountains? Continue reading for you to
know the answer.
 Continental-Continental Convergence

Fault

What happens here?

• Indian plate pushes against Eurasian plate forming the Himalayan mountain
range
• No subduction process
• No trench, volcanoes and definitely no island arcs are created
• Only mountain ranges, plateau and fault are formed
• Shallow earthquake activities occur

Where do you think Jeff went after this? Turn to the next page for Jeff’s
next adventure.
GUIDE CARD 4
From India, Jeff proceeded to Africa. He left his boat on the shore
and walked afar to look for food.

When he returned, this is what he saw…

What made the land split apart? How could Jeff cross the sea?
Continue reading in order to know how these things happened.
 Divergence of Plates

What is happening here?

• The plates move apart
• New materials from the mantle ooze up to fill the gap and become a new ocean
floor when cooled
• Mostly situated along underwater mountain ranges called oceanic ridges
• Mid-Atlantic Ocean ridge is an example which causes the divergence of the
South American plate and the African plate
• When spreading center develops within continent, it will form a rift valley

Because of Jeff’s swimming skill, he was able to cross the sea and the
rivers. Are you excited to know the final destination of Jeff’s
adventure? Well, go to the next page.
 GUIDE CARD 5
From Africa, Jeff sailed to the North of Pacific Ocean. He was
stranded for the second time in one of the islands of Hawaii.

Jeff remembered the Philippines where he was stranded first. But this
archipelago is different in some ways. What do you think are there
differences? Study the diagram below.

What happens here?

• The islands are formed in the middle
of the Pacific plate and not along the
boundaries
• Hot spot is a concentration of heat in the mantle
Hot spot
capable of creating magma
• Continuing plate movement carries the
volcanic island beyond the hot spot and
another develops over the hot spot making a
long trail of volcanic islands
 After 50 years of Jeff’s adventure, he was finally back in his dream
land, California in North America. However, a big change happened in
the place.

What happens here?

• Transform Plate Boundaries are
locations where two plates slide past
one another.
• The fracture zone that forms a
transform plate boundary is known as
a transform fault.
• Most transform faults are found in
the ocean basin and connect offsets
in the mid-ocean ridges.
• The most famous example of a transform boundary is the San Andreas Fault in
California. The west side of California is moving north, and the east side is
moving south.

Jeff spent the rest of his life in his dream land. He wasn’t able to build
a family to hold and to love but his adventure made him complete.

***The End***
ACTIVITY CARD 1
Answer the crossword puzzle below.

3 5
1 4

ACROSS
1. The shaking of the ground produced by subduction of a plate
2. Formed from the rising magma

DOWN
3. A mass of molten rock formed at depth
4. A long narrow channel that is cut into the ocean floor
5. The bending of the crust towards the mantle

Did you get it right? Good job!

ACTIVITY CARD 2
Match the following geological features with the pictures on the right. Write the letter
only.

____1. Volcanic islands

a. b.
____ 2. Trench

____ 3. Archipelago

____ 4. Mountain ranges c. d.

____ 5. Oceanic ridges

____ 6. Rift valleys e. f.

____ 7. Transform fault

____ 8. Hot spot g. h.

ACTIVITY CARD 3

Match column A with columns B and C.

A B C
__ __ 1. Divergent i. Plates move away
plate boundary from each other a. trail of volcanoes from
active to dormant

b. Mountains, volcanoes,
ii. Undergoes
__ __ 2. Continental- trenches, and
subduction
continental convergence earthquakes are
process
formed
c. Rift valleys, oceanic
__ __ 3. Transform fault
iii. Plates slide past ridges, and earthquakes
Boundary
each other are formed

d. Source of stronger
__ __ 4. Oceanic-continental
iv. No subduction earthquakes that can
convergence
process generate tsunamis

e. Only mountain ranges,

__ __5. Oceanic-oceanic
v. Concentration of plateau and fault are
convergence
heat in the mantle formed

vi. Convergence of
__ __ 6. Hot spot Philippine plate
and Eurasian plate f. Fault, earthquakes
is an example
ENRICHMENT CARD
Fill in the letter in each box to form the word/s being described.
1. A break in a rock along which movement has occurred

2. A continuous mass of land with long width and height on the ocean floor

- e

3. A depression in the seafloor produced by subduction process

4. Down faulted valley formed from divergence of continental plates

5. Rigid sections of the lithosphere that move as a unit

a
 ANSWER KEY

ACTIVTY 1
ACROSS DOWN
1. EARTHQUAKE 3. MAGMA 5. SUBDUCTION
2. VOLCANO 4. TRENCH

ACTIVITY 2
1. b 2. d 3. e 4. c 5. h 6. f 7. a 8. g

ACTIVITY 3
1. i, c 2. iv, e 3. iii, f 4. ii, b 5.vi, d 6. v, a

ENRICHMENT
1. fault 2. mid-ocean ridge 3. trench 4. rift valley 5. plates
• Science 10 Learner’s Manual, pages 16-32

• http://bwbearthenviro2011.wikispaces.com

• http://www.earthobservatory.sg/resources/i
mages-graphics/subduction-zone-beneath-
philippines

• http://whybecausescience.com/category/vulc
anism

• http://www.moorlandschool.co.uk/earth/tect
onic.htm