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Static GK - Changes in Our Neighbourhood - English - 1666355426 Eb88550f

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19 views4 pages

Static GK - Changes in Our Neighbourhood - English - 1666355426 Eb88550f

Gk

Uploaded by

chouhansourab12
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Changes in our

Neighbourhood
STATIC GK

Copyright © 2014-2021 Testbook Edu Solutions Pvt. Ltd.: All rights reserved
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Changes in our Neighbourhood


Every day, as we go out, we can see a number of changes happening. For example- a road being built, a
building being constructed, and some others, occurring on their own like the sunrise and the sunset. These
make our surroundings look different and so we infer them as changes.

Changes Around US
In our regular life we may come across huge changes, like a seed we sow changes to plant, the flowers
blossom, changes in our body like our nails, hair grow, we grow tall, our weight increases. These all changes
keep happening around us from time to time and are of different types.

Reversible and Irreversible Changes


• The changes which are temporary and can be reversed are known as reversible changes.

• For example, when we blow air into a balloon and then let it escape, when we fold a paper to make a
plane and then unfold it, in these processes the balloon and paper are back to their original conditions and
so these are said to be reversible changes.

• The changes which are permanent and cannot be reversed are known as irreversible changes.

• For example, when we


blow air into the balloon
and then prick it with the
pointed tip of pencil, when
we draw an aeroplane and
then cut it along the
outline. Since these
changes cannot get us back
the material from where
we started these are
inferred as irreversible.

Fig 1: Reversible and Irreversible changes

STATIC GK | Sports PAGE 2


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Physical and Chemical changes


• Properties such as shape, size, color and state of a substance are called its physical properties.

• A change in which a substance undergoes a change in its physical properties is called a physical change. A
physical change is generally reversible. In such a change no new substance is formed.

• Examples – Freezing/ boiling of water, melting of ice, mixing sand and water, process of crystallization.

Fig 2: Physical changes

• Changes which occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance and there occurs
a permanent change in the chemical properties, is referred to as a chemical change. A chemical change is
also called as a chemical reaction.

• Examples – Rusting of iron, burning of incense stick or any other substance, setting of curd from milk,
cooking, explosion of a firework.

Fig 3: Chemical changes

Physical Changes Vs Chemical changes


PHYSICAL CHANGE CHEMICAL CHANGE

Physical properties like shape, size, color of a substance is Chemical properties like chemical composition of
changed. substances are changed.

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No new substance is formed. New substance is formed.

The changes are reversible. The changes are irreversible.

Few important chemical changes


1. Burning a ribbon of magnesium – When a magnesium ribbon is burned, it produces a brilliant white light
and when it is completely burned it leaves behind a powdery ash. Magnesium oxide is a new substance
formed on burning of magnesium. This change is represented by the following reaction -

Magnesium (Mg) + Oxygen (O2) → Magnesium oxide (MgO)

2. Adding vinegar and baking soda – A hissing sound is produced when these are mixed and one can see
bubbles of a gas coming out. This gas is carbon dioxide and the reaction is as follows –

Vinegar (Acetic acid) + Baking soda (Sodium hydrogencarbonate) → Carbon dioxide + other substances

When this gas is passed through freshly prepared lime water, calcium carbonate is formed and lime
water is turned milky. The reaction for this is –

Carbon dioxide (CO2) + Lime water [Ca(OH)2] → Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) + Water (H2O)

3. Rusting of iron - For rusting, the presence of both oxygen and water (or water vapor) is essential. In fact, if
the content of moisture in air is high, which means if it is more humid, rusting becomes faster. The
reaction is as follows –

Iron (Fe) + Oxygen (O2, from the air) + water (H2O) → rust (iron oxide Fe2O3)

Rusting can be prevented by painting or greasing. Another way is to deposit a layer of a metal like
chromium or zinc on iron.

STATIC GK | Sports PAGE 4

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