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Dissertation Report Part 1 Final

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9 views

Dissertation Report Part 1 Final

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Uploaded by

Shaziya Shaikh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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DISSERTATION REPORT

ON
STUDY ON AFFORDABLE HOUSING

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE
2018-2019

SUBMITTED BY
Mubashir Nabi
B. ARCH (8th SEMESTER)

GUIDED BY
Ar. Batul Zainab
(Assistant Professor)

MET FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE


MITGI, MIT CAMPUS
RAM GANGA VIHAR, PHASE-II
MORADABAD 244001
MET FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE
MITGI, MIT CAMPUS
RAM GANGA VIHAR, PHASE-II
MORADABAD 244001
2018-2019

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Mubashir Nabi has worked on the Dissertation entitled
“Study on Affordable housing” under our guidance and supervision in B.Arch. 8th
Semester.

Ar. Batul Zainab


(Assistant Professor)
MET FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE
MITGI, MIT CAMPUS
RAM GANGA VIHAR, PHASE-II
MORADABAD 244001
2018-2019

Declaration

I Mubashir Nabi hereby declare that the Dissertation entitled “Study on affordable
housing” submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
degree of Bachelors of Architecture is my original Design / Research work and the
information taken from secondary sources is given due citations and References.

………………………………………
(Signature)

Mubashir Nabi
B. Arch. 8thSemester
2018-2019
Acknowledgment
The success of any venture cannot be regarded as the end result of a single factor. It requires
a harmonious unification of perseverance, inspiration and motivation; along with the right
kind of guidance working on this dissertation in a truly different perspective.

The writing of this dissertation has been one of the most significant academic challenges I
have ever taken. Though the following dissertation is an individual work, I could never have
reached the heights or explored the depths without the help of books published by various
authors, the e-books available on the Internet, the research papers published by various
authors and the various organizations and websites providing information related to my
dissertation topic.

I express my sincere thanks to all the teachers who have helped me throughout this process,
my parents and my friends for their kind cooperation and help at various stages, which has
made my work possible.

………………………………………
(Signature)

Mubashir Nabi
Abstract
With about one in six urban Indians living in informal small settlements, the need for an
additional number of affordable housing in India is growing exponentially. The Indian
department of “Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation” (MoHUPA) launched its ambitious
“Housing for All” scheme under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana(PMAY) in September 2015
with the goal to make India slum-free by 2022. This scheme is based on similar former
programs and shows promise regarding the number of houses that will be built with the help
of the government’s credit-linked subsidies for all income groups in India. However, the
program has many shortcomings, especially from a people-cantered perspective: beneficiaries
are often perceived as passive, there are few empowerment measures in the scheme, access to
benefits is exclusive, and long-term effects are neglected. It is concluded that PMAY 2014 is
mainly an image campaign for the government and lacks sustainable elements. Even there are
many issues like a private partnership and investment which are neglected in a broader
perspective.

This thesis intends to suggest possible outcome from this “Housing for All” scheme and
suggest feasible design and also to increase private partnership investment in the affordable
housing policy. The focus lies on potentials found in construction technique, public-private
partnerships model 4 for upgrading existing housing, as well as provide the housing shortage
and providing basic facilities, and on beneficiary’s empowerment and creates a win-win
situation for all with the model feasibility. These elements are based on an inclusive and
people-cantered approach to development to speed up the scheme for the private builders
towards affordable housing. The results of this thesis are analysis, and inference will then be
abstracted into the design with feasibility as per model - 4 of affordable housing policy on
how to approach affordable housing in a developing country with private partnership and
investments with the government. Thrust areas of work include architectural design, fast
track construction systems, frame structures, services, site-plan, public facilities, urban
design, sustainable architecture, building system design, landscape design, detailing in
design, etc. . It is expected that all genre of projects (research study or design) will end with
a design solution to the thesis; all components of the thesis should be grounded in a research
and critical inquiry. The thesis development will involve the aspects of Design, Construction
Technologies, Building Services, view, aesthetics,
List of Abbreviations

AH: Affordable Housing


EWS: Economic Weaker Section
BPL: Below Poverty Line
FSI: Floor Space Index
DU: Dwelling Units

LIG- Low Income Group

MIG- Middle Income Group


MoHUPA- Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation
PPP- Public Private Partnership
Table of content

Declaration

Acknowledgement

Abstract

List of Abbreviations

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………1


1.2 Aim of the study…………………………………………………………………….2
1.3 Objective of the study……………………………………………………….………2
1.4 Need ………………………………………………………………………………...3
1.5 Scope ………………………………….…………………………………………….3
1.6 Methodology ….……………………………………………………………………4

Chapter 2: Literature Information

2.1 Housing and Low cost housing…………………………………………………5


2.2 Definition and parameter………………………………………………………...6
2.3 Affordability and its Concepts ………………………………………………….7
2.4 Demand and supply constraints …………………………………………………8
2.5 “Affordable housing” and its demand drivers …………….…………………….8
2.6 Market of the Affordable Housing…………….……………………………….10
2.7 Policy-Effect in Housing-Market……………………………………………….12
2.8 Land Availability & Cost….……………………………………………………13
2.9 Construction & other Costs………………………………………………...……13
2.10 Credit delivery & ris.…………………………………………………….14
2.11 Literature Review…………………………………………………..……14
Chapter 3: Schemes of Affordable housing

3.1 Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (P M A Y)………………………………….….…15


3.1.1 Declaring low value home loans as a priority sector for lending………...…….15
3.1.2 Private – public partnerships for projects………………………………………15
3.1.3 Rehabilitation for slum dwellers……………………………………………….15
3.2 Major Developers in the Segment………………………………………………..15

Chapter 4: Issues in Affordable housing

6.1 Reducing Cost through Tax exemption ………………………………….…….18


6.2 Cost of land …………………………………………………………….………19
6.3 Reducing Construction cost ……………………………………………………21
6.4 Are Low Cost Housing Safe……………………………………………………22
6.5 Affordable Housing for Whom…………………………………………………22

Chapter 5: Material and techniques of Affordable housing

5.1 Materials Selection for Low Cost Housing: ……………………………………24


5.2 Use of Local material……………………………………………………………24
5.3 Use of non-toxic building materials:…………………………………………….24
5.4 Bricks & blocks …………………………………………………………………24
5.5 Fly ash – sand – lime bricks …………………………………………………….25
5.6 Selection of Load Bearing and Framed Structures……………………………..26
5.6.1 Hollow Concrete Block Load Bearing Walls………………………………..27
5.6.2 Staircase for housing …………………………………..……………………27
5.6.3 Prefabrication of Structural Elements……………………………………….28
5.6.4 Rat trap bond wall……………………………………………………………28
5.6.5 Filler slabs……………………………………………………………………28

5.7 Aluform techniques…………..………………………………………………..29

5.7.1AluForm System…………………………………………………………….....29

5.8 Opportunities…………………………………………………………………….31

5.9 Inferences ………………………………………………………………………32


Chapter 6: Case Study (Dwarka Sec 23)

6.1 Various aspect of cost reduction………………………….….……………………33


6.2 Factor Affecting choice of material ……………………..……………………….34
6.3 Water supply…………………………………………….….……………………..36
6.4 Structure……………………………………………….………………………….38
6.5 Advantage of construction techniques……………….…………………………...39
6.6 Proposed techniques………………………………………………………………41
6.7 Design consideration……………..……………………………………………….41

Chapter 7: Planning and design Approach

7.1 The Design – Concept and Guideline…….……………………………………….43


7.2 Design Program……………………………………………………………………43
7.3 Design Guidelines………………………………………………………………….44
7.4 Design Criteria……………………………………………………………………..45
7.5 Dwelling unit statement……..…………………………………………………….47

Chapter 8:

Conclusion…………………………………………………………….…………………49

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………..50

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