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Topic 4 Rocks

Rocks

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8 views

Topic 4 Rocks

Rocks

Uploaded by

carenaclan10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prove that 1000 is equal to 960 without using

operations and numbers.

1000 = 960

10:00 = 9:60 O’CLOCK


ROCKS
◦Rock is the solid
mineral material forming
part of the surface of
the earth and other
What is rocks?
similar planets, exposed
on the surface or
underlying the soil or
oceans.
1 2 3
A rock is a The aggregate Grains can be
naturally minerals forming different in
occurring solid the rocks are held color, texture,
aggregate of together by and sizes.
chemical bonds.
one or more
minerals.
PETROLOGY IS THE SCIENTIFIC
STUDY OF ROCKS. ROCKS ARE
COMBINED AGGREGATION OF
MINERALS.
GEOLOGISTS THEN GROUP ROCKS
INTO THREE CATEGORIES BASED
ON HOW THE ROCKS FORMED:
PETROLOGIST
CLASSIFIED ROCKS
BASED ON HOW THEY
WERE FORMED.
2 3
1
◦formed from
hardening and
IGNEOUS crystallization of
ROCK magma or molten
material that originates
deep within the earth.
TWO TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS
◦EXTRUSIVE VOLCANIC ROCK
◦-forms when magma makes its way to earth’s surface as lava
and then cools. The crystal are very small (fined grained) since
the cooling process is fast.

INTRUSIVE/PLUTONIC
-It cools slowly beneath the earth surface and are created by
magma. The intrusive igneous rocks have very large crystals
(coarse grained)
IGNEOUS ROCKS ARE CLASSIFIED
BASED ON
MAFIC-dark in
FELSIC-light in
color; made of
COMPOSITION color; feldspar and
magnesium, and
silicates
iron

INTERMEDIATE-
ULTRAFAMIC-
between mafic and
very dark color
felsic
APHANISTIC-fine grained
TEXTUXE
PHANERITIC-coarse grained
◦-overall
appearance of PORPHYRITIC-large crystal with small crystals
rock
GLASSY-non-ordered solid form rapid quenching

PYROCLASTIC-composite of ejected fragments

Examples: Obsidian, pumice, basalt, granite, diorite,


gabbro
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS provides information about surface conditions
that existed in the earth’s past.

Particles of sand, shells,


pebbles and other compaction due to increase
fragments of materials of pressure of layered
called sediments, sediments it bind together
accumulate in layers and to form the sedimentary
over long period of time rocks.
harden into rocks.
THREE TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
A. CLASTIC – formed from accumulation of clasts: little pieces
of broker rocks and shells. Example: conglomerate, breccia,
sandstone, shale
B. CHEMICAL - formed when dissolved minerals precipitate
from a solution. Example: halite- formed when a body of
seawater becomes closed off and evaporates.
C. ORGANIC – rocks formed from the accumulation of animal's
debris. Example: Coal-composed of organic matter in the form
of plants fragment.
METAMORPHIC ROCK
-forms from pre-existing rocks: metamorphic, igneous,
sedimentary rocks.

METAMORPHISM – transformation of one


rock into another.
TWO TYPES OF METAMORPHISM

1. REGIONAL-due to changes in pressure and


temperature over a large region of the crust.

2. CONTACT-mainly by heat due to contact with


magma
CLASSIFICATION

A.TEXTURE- refers to the size arrangement ad grains within


the rock
B.FOLIATION- any planar arrangement of minerals grains or
structural features within the rock. Foliated – appeared
banded or layer, contains crystal example: mica
C.NON-FOLIATED- made up only few minerals
Activity 3 “The Rock”

Collect at least five rock


samples in your place and take
a photo of the samples.
Describe the characteristics of
each rock depending on their
appearance, texture, color, and
layers (or bands). Then classify
them as to igneous, sedimentary,
or metamorphic rock.
1. What are three types of rocks and give examples

2. There are two types igneous rocks, what are those?

3. What are the types of sedimentary rocks?

4. Give four common composition of igneous rocks?


Assessment

Direction: Read carefully each question before


answering.
1 – 3. What are the three types of rocks?

4 – 7. Give the four composition of the igneous


rock.

8. How metamorphic rocks formed?

9. It refers to the overall appearance of rock?

10. It is the scientific study of rocks?


Next topic:
Exogenic Process
Thank you for
motivating
yourself to learn

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