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Chapter 1.2

Introduction

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
16 views

Chapter 1.2

Introduction

Uploaded by

ruryka4391
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

IN 3500 BC, THE SUMERIANS DEVELOPED CUNEIFORM WRITING.


TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE
IN 1500 BC, THE PHOENICIANS DEVELOPED THE ALPHABET
TECHNOLOGY
TIMELINE
IN 105 AD, TSAI LUN OF
CHINA INVENTED
PAPER.
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

IN 1454, THE FIRST PRINTING BEGAN


WITH THE CREATION OF A
PRINTING MACHINE.
JOHANN GUTENBERG -
COMBINED KNOWN
TECHNOLOGIES FROM
EUROPE AND ASIA WITH HIS IDEA
FOR MOLDING MOVABLE TYPE TO
CREATE A PRINTING PRESS
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

Morse Code & the Telegraph


DEVELOPED IN THE 1830S AND 1840S BY
SAMUEL MORSE AND OTHER INVENTORS, THE
TELEGRAPH REVOLUTIONIZED LONG-DISTANCE
COMMUNICATION. IT WORKED BY
TRANSMITTING ELECTRICAL SIGNALS OVER A
WIRE LAID BETWEEN STATIONS.
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

 In 1876, the first telephone was


introduced.
 Alexander Graham Bell
revolutionize telegraphy
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

 In 1925, television was made


known to public.
 John Logie Baird's Public
Demonstration
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

 In 1941, the computer was


created.
 Charles Babbage's Analytical
Engine (1830s)
 Alan Turing's Theoretical Work
(1930s)
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

 In 1958, the photocopier machine


was introduced
 Chester Carlson developed the
technology known as xerography.
Carlson's invention was patented
in 1938.
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

 In 1962, the
communication satellite
was introduced.
 Telstar, the first active
communication satellite
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE

 In 1969, the first Internet


known as ARPANET
(Advanced Research
Projects Agency
Network) was introduced
 The first successful
connection on ARPANET
occurred on October 29,
1969
TECHNOLOGY TIMELINE
REFERENCES

❑ Abante, M. V., Junio, D. O. M., Delfin, C. R., & Robas, C. C. (2019). Living in the
Information Technology Era. Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc.
❑ Caoili-Tayuan, R. R., & Eleazar, M. V. (2019). Living in the Information Technology Era.
C & E Publishing, Inc.
❑ Revano, T. F., Jr. (2019). Living in the Information Technology Era. Mindshapers Co.,
Inc.
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
A generation is often referred to the state of improvement in the
development of a product. Generation of computer is the advancement
of computer technology from time to time.
FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1945 – 1956)

 The first generation of computer were huge, slow,


expensive and often unreliable.
 In 1946, two Americans, Presper Eckert and Willian
Mauchly build the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical
Integrator and Computer).
 It use vacuum tube instead of mechanical switches of
the MARK 1.
FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1945 – 1956)
FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1945 – 1956)

 Technology: Use of vacuum tubes in electronic


circuits. These tubes controlled internal operations and
were large which made the machine to be very large
and to occupy much space.
 Storage capacity: Magnetic drum was the primary
internal storage medium which is limited in size.
FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1945 – 1956)

 Slow Input/Output: Input/output operations are made


through the use of punched card which is very slow.
 Heat and maintenance problem. This generation
generates high level of heat due to the use of tube and
special air conditioning and maintenance were
required.
 Application: The computers were used for payroll
processing and record keeping. Examples are IBM
650, UNIVAC I and ENIAC
FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1945 – 1956)

 In 1951, Eckert and Mauchly build the UNIVAC, which


could calculate at the rate of 10,000 addition per
seconds.
FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1945 – 1956)
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1956 – 1963)
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1956 – 1963)

 Technology: Transistors were used for the internal


operation. They replaced vacuum tube of first
generation. They are smaller and faster in operation.

 Storage Capacity: Magnetic core was the primary


internal storage and magnetic tape was used for
external storage which replaced punched card and
paper tape.
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1956 – 1963)

 Faster Input/Output: Devices could be connected


directly to the computer. This made printing faster and
easy, detection and correction of error.
 Application: Payroll processing, billing, updating and
inventory files.
 Examples: IBM 1401, Honey well 200, CDC 1604 and
3600, IBM 7070.
SECOND GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1956 – 1963)
THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1964 – 1971)

 Technology: The integrated circuit (IC) replaced the


transistors of second generation.

 Second Capacity: Magnetic core and solid-state main


storage was developed.
 Input/output were more flexible, and it was disk
oriented. This generation computers were smaller in
size, had better performance and more reliability.
THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1964 – 1971)

 Introduction of Minicomputer: The minicomputers


offered many of the same features as the mainframe
computers on a smaller scale.
 Time sharing and remote processing: Third
generation computers were able to perform several
operations at the same time. Remote terminals were
developed to communicate with a central computer
over a specific geographical location. There is
availability of operating system (software) to control
input/output operation.
THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1964 – 1971)

 Application: This generation of computers were used


as airline reservation systems, market forecasting,
credit card billing, inventory, control and scheduling
labor and materials.
THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTER
(1964 – 1971)
FOURTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1971 – PRESENT)

 There are many types of computer models such as:


 Apple Macintosh
 IBM
 DELL
 ACER
FOURTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1971 – PRESENT)
FOURTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1971 – PRESENT)

 Technology: Use of Large-Scale Integrated Circuit (LSIC)


or microprocessor, the first micro-processor was developed
in the fourth generation. It contains the equivalent of 2300
transistors and was a 4 bits processor. Micro computers
were introduced in this generation.
 Storage Capacity: There is increase storage capacity and
speed.
 Special Application Programs: Network operating
systems were introduced, e.g. Apple Macintosh, the use
of Graphic User Interface (GUI) was also introduced.
FOURTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTER (1972 – PRESENT)

 Applications: Fourth generation computers were used


for mathematical modeling and simulation, electronic
funds transfer, computer Aided instruction and internet.
FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT –
BEYOND)

 The fifth-generation computers are technologically


advance and are still being development to become
more efficient.
FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT –
BEYOND)

 This generation is referred to a Knowledge Information


Processing System (KIPS).
 Technology: It was Very Large-Scale Integrated
Circuit (VLSIC). Introduction of Artificial Intelligence
(AI). AI is the branch of computer science concerned
with making computers behave like humans. It has
mega-chip memories.
 The processing speed is very high, and it can perform
parallel processing. The concept of Artificial Intelligence
allows the computer to take its own decision.
FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT –
BEYOND)

 Artificial Intelligence Include:


 Games playing – programming computer to play games
 Natural language – programming computer to understand
human languages.
 Neural network (Expert System): Programming computer to
make decision in real life.
 Robotics – programming computer to see, hear and react to
other sensory stimuli.
NEW ERA COMPUTER

 After the fifth-generation computer, the technology of


computer has become more advanced, modern and
sophisticated. The latest invention in the era of
computers are:
 Super Computers
 Mainframe Computers
 Mini Computers
 Personal Computers
 Mobile Computers
FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT –
BEYOND)
FIFTH GENERATION (2010 –
PRESENT)
FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT –
BEYOND)

 Neural Network: Systems that simulate intelligence by


attempting to reproduce the type of physical
connections that occur in animal brain.
CHATGPT
CHATGPT

 What is ChatGPT and why does it matter?


 The AI bot, developed by OpenAI and based on a Large
Language Model (or LLM), continues to grow in terms of its
scope and its intelligence.
 ChatGPT is an AI chatbot that was initially built on a family
of Large Language Models (or LLMs), collectively known as
GPT-3.
CHATGPT

 ChatGPT's most original GPT-3.5 model was trained on 570GB of


text data from the internet including books, articles, websites, and
even social media.
 ChatGPT can create responses that make it seem like, in its own
words, "a friendly and intelligent robot".
 OpenAI's current flagship model, ChatGPT-4o (the o is for
"omni"), can work across any combination of text, audio and
images meaning many more applications for AI are now possible.
 ChatGPT-4o is also much faster at processing than previous
versions, especially with audio, meaning that responses to your
questions can feel like you are chatting to a person in real time.
ASSIGNMENT 1

 In a short bond paper, attach a photo of you using any ICT device. Briefly
discuss the frequency of your usage, your experience using it, where do
you usually use the device, and how is it useful in your daily activities.

 Submission: August __ 2024


REFERENCES

❑ Abante, M. V., Junio, D. O. M., Delfin, C. R., & Robas, C. C. (2019). Living in the
Information Technology Era. Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc.
❑ Caoili-Tayuan, R. R., & Eleazar, M. V. (2019). Living in the Information Technology Era.
C & E Publishing, Inc.
❑ Revano, T. F., Jr. (2019). Living in the Information Technology Era. Mindshapers Co.,
Inc.

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