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Lecture 8 - Hysteresis and Pinning

Capillary fitting

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6 views

Lecture 8 - Hysteresis and Pinning

Capillary fitting

Uploaded by

monalisatalla7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals of Capillarity and

Wetting (CLL763)

1
Work of adhesion/cohesion
Two phases α and ꞵ are in contact in a medium w.
𝑾𝜶𝜷 = 𝝈𝜶ω + 𝝈𝜷𝝎 − 𝝈𝜶𝜷
If two phases are same: 𝜶 = 𝜷 then 𝝈𝜶𝜷 = 0
𝑾𝜶𝜶 = 𝟐𝝈𝜶𝝎 and 𝑾𝜷𝜷 = 𝟐𝝈𝜷𝝎
when 𝜶-S(solid); 𝜷-L(liquid); 𝝎-V(air)
we get 𝑾𝑺𝑳 = 𝝈𝑺𝑽 + 𝝈𝑳𝑽 − 𝝈𝑺𝑳
𝝈𝑺𝑽 = 𝝈𝑺𝑳 + 𝝈𝑳𝑽 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝑬

=>𝑾𝑺𝑳 = 𝝈𝑳𝑽 (𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝑬 + 𝟏) (Young-Dupre equation)

2
Contact angle hysteresis

advancing receding
θ equilibrium contact angle; θA advancing angle; θR receding angle

contact angle hysteresis= θA- θR

3
Contact angle hysteresis

liquid trapped in a vertical tube 𝜽 𝟏 > 𝜽𝑹


𝟐𝝅𝑹𝝈 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝟏 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝟐 = 𝝅𝑹𝟐 𝒉𝝆𝒈 𝜽 𝟐 < 𝜽𝑨
𝟐𝝅𝑹𝝈 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝑹 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝑨 > 𝝅𝑹𝟐 𝒉𝝆𝒈 (For equilibrium)

If 𝜽𝑨 = 𝜽𝑹 (no hysteresis), there can be no equilibrium.


4
Contact angle hysteresis
❖ The drop weight supported by the capillary force
associated with the contact angle hysteresis.
R Maximum pinnig force per unit length:
𝒎𝒂𝒙
𝒇𝒑 = 𝝈∆ cos 𝜽
If 𝜽𝟏 = 𝜽𝟐 drop will fall due to unbalanced
pinned drop on gravitational force.
a vertical pane
For the hanging drop;
𝑭𝒈 ~ 𝝆𝑹𝟑 𝒈 ; 𝑭𝒄 ~𝟐𝝅𝑹𝝈 ∥ 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝟏 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝟐 ∥
𝑭𝒈 𝝆𝒈𝑹𝟐
so, ~ ≡ 𝑩𝒐; which means drops will grow until Bo>1;
𝑭𝒄 𝝈
and will then fall downwards.
5
Wetting on heterogeneous surfaces
❖ Real surfaces could be chemically/topographically heterogenous.
❖ Heterogeneity could influence the wetting behavior.
❖ Small scale inhomogeneity can cause hysteresis, whereas large scale
roughness can deform the droplet .
A B A

❖ Surface inhomogeneity (few nm) of length δ creates an energy barrier;


𝜟𝑬 = 𝜹𝟐 𝝈∆ 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽𝑬
❖ If 𝜟𝑬 > 𝒌𝑩 𝑻; contact line will be trapped in a metastable, non-
equilibrium position.
6

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