English Course Book Second Year Pre-University 1. ROMEO AND JULIET -William Shakespeare Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] What does Juliet want Romeo to become after her death? Why does Juliet want Romeo to become little stars after her death? QUESTIONS ANSWERS: 1_| What did Juliet teach the torches? To burn bright 2_| Where did Juliet seem to hang upon? Upon the cheek of night 3 | To which ornament was Juliet compared? A rich jewel in Ethiope's ear 4 | What does the phrase ‘earth too dear’ Arare beauty mean? 5__| Who is compared to a snowy dove? Juliet 6 | When do the hands of Romeo become When he touches Juliet blessed? 7_| what does Juliet compare Romeo with? To the day in night 8 What does the phrase ‘new snow mean? Love as pure as snow Little stars So that all the world will be in love with night When will Romeo make the face of heaven so fine? Had Romeo ever seen true beauty till that night? When he is cut and made into little stars No © Scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) How does Romeo glorify Juliet's beauty? 2) Why according to Juliet would all the world stop worshipping the garish sun? The poem Romeo and Juliet is an extract from William Shakespeare's tragedy ‘Romeo and Juliet’. Montagues and Capulets were the two noble families of Verona. They were arch rivals and known for their animosity. Though Romeo belonged to Montagues, he attended the party hosted by Capulets, in disguise. There in the party he saw Juliet and was fascinated by her enchanting beauty. The poem expresses Romeo and Juliet's intense and passionate love far each other, Romeo glorifies the beauty of Juliet. He finds that her beauty surpasses the brightness of the burning torches. And she seems to hang upon the cheek of night like a rich jewel in Ethiope’s ear. Romeo was fascinated by the rich and rare beauty of Juliet. He compares her with a snowy dove among the trooping crows. He expresses his desire to meet and touch her. So that his rude hands will become blessed. He openly admits that he had never seen such a true beauty in his life. Juliet is also equally fascinated by the handsome and bright personality of Romeo. She compares him to the day in night and praises his attractive disposition. She calls his love a new white snow which is pure and perfect. Jullet wants Romeo to be cut inte little stars after her death, so that he will make the face of heaven so fine. And the entire world will fallin love with night forgetting the garnish Sun © scanned with OKEN Scanner2. TOO DEAR - Leo Tolstoy Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS ANSWERS 1 | Where did the kingdom of Monaco lie? . | Near the borders of France and Ital 2_| What was the population of Monaco? 3 | How many soldiers did the army of Sixty soldiers Monaco have? 4 | Name the things that were taxed in Tobacco, wine, spirits and a Monaco. poll-tax 5 | Where did the special source of Gaming house revenue come from for the king? 6__| Name the game played in Monaco. Roulette 7 | What was the unusual incident that A murder happened in Monaco? © Scanned with OKEN Scanner8 | What was the hitch in the execution of | They neither had a guillotine the criminal? nor an expert. 9 | What was the punishment awardedto | To have his head cut off/death the criminal? punishment. 10 | What help did the king of Monaco seek | A machine and an expert to cut from France? the head off. 11 | Who did the king of Monaco consider | The king of Italy. the ‘brother of monarch’? 12 | What was the only way to get rid of the | To pay him pension criminal? 13 | What was the sum fixed as pension? 600 Francs 14 Where did the criminal settle at the Across the frontier end? 15 | What did the criminal do with his He bought a bit of land annuity? 16 | What was new item of expenditure that | The expenses of the criminal the king noticed? and the guard. © Scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) What made the king of Monaco alter his decisions in dealing with the criminal? 2) Why did the authorities in Monaco fall to carry out the death sentence? 3) Why was the criminal finally offered pension in ‘Too Dear’? How did this offer benefit him? ANSWER “Too Dear’, is one of the finest short stories written by Leo Tolstoy. It ridicules the way that the decisions are made by the kings and administrators. And explains how the criminals are let go freely without being punished severely. © Scanned with OKEN ScannerMonaco was a little kingdom with seven thousand populations. It was near the borders of France and Italy. It had a king, ministers, courtiers and a small army of sixty soldiers. The king used to collect taxes on the things such as tobacco, wine, spirits and a poll tax. But the special revenue came from the gaming houses. The people played roulette which was generating a lot of income for the king. Once, an unusual incident happened in Monaco. It was a murder. The criminal was tried in the court and awarded the death punishment. But the problem was, they had neither a machine nor an expert to cut the head off. So the king sought the help of France and Italy. Both the countries were ready to help by charging 16000 francs and 12000 francs respectively, but the king thought that it was too costly. Then the army of Monaco was requested to execute the punishment, this was refused on the ground that the army was not trained in it. Finally the king decided to alter the death punishment into life imprisonment. Accordingly a guard was appointed and the criminal was put in a cell. Even this also proved costly as the king found a new item of expenditure of 600 francs every month. The guard was dismissed but the criminal didn’t run away. He had nowhere to go and had forgotten to work. The only way to get rid of the criminal was to pay hima pension. The criminal agreed to it, and received one third of annuity. He left Monaco and settled across the frontier. There he lived peaceably and well. © Scanned with OKEN Scanner3,0N CHILDREN -Khalil Gibran Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS: ANSWERS 1_|Who does the word, ‘He’ refer to? God/Prophet 2 [Who do the children really belong to? To the life 3_| What can the parents give their children? Love ‘4_| What can't the parents give their children? | Their thoughts 5 __| What can the parents house? Bodies of the children 6_| What can't the parents house? Souls of the children 7 | Where do the souls of the children dwell? In the house of tomorrow 8 _| Where cant the parents visit in their dreams?_| The house of tomorrow 9_| What should the parents strive for? To be like their children 10 | What should not the parents seek? Make the children to be like them 17 | Who are the ‘bows? The parents 712 | Who are the living arrows? The children 713 [ Who sees the mark upon the path of infintte?_| The archer 14 | Who does the God love? Both the parents and children © Scanned with OKEN Scanner1) How should parents raise their children according to the speaker of ‘On Children? 2) How is the parent-children relationship brought out using the metaphor of bows and arrows in‘On children? ANSWER “On Children” is a philosophical poem written by Khalil Gibran. The theme of the poem is the relationship between the parents and children. Traditionally the parents exercise a lot of authority over their children. And they try hard to impose many things on them. It is just because they have given births to them. But the poet thinks in other way. The children don't belong to their parents; they really belong to the life. The parents car't own or claim their rights over the children. Though the children come from their parents but they belong to life. The parents can give their love but not their thoughts as the children have their own individual personality The parents can only protect the bodies of their children but not their souls. The souls of the children lie in the house of tomorrow. They can try to be like the children but should never attempt to make the children to be like them. The children belong to the future and not to the past. The future never stays with yesterday. The parents are like the bows through which the living arrows are sent. It is the archer, the God who sees the mark upon the path of infinite. Therefore the parents should act lke the guiding lights to the children and never be so authoritative in ‘their attitudes. The children are the creation of God and they have to be free from any bondage. © Scanned with OKEN Scanner4, EVERYTHING | NEED TO KNOW I LEARNED IN THE FOREST - Vandana Shiva Answer the following in a word, phrase ora sentence [1 mark each] JUESTIONS 1 | Where did Vanadana Shiva’s ecological | In the Himalayan forests. journey start? 2_ | What was Vandana Shiva’s father? A forest conservator. © Scanned with OKEN Scanner3 | Where did Vandana Shiva learn about ecology from? From the Himalayan forests. 4 _| What did the mothers compose ‘songs and poems’ about? About trees and forests. 5 | Whatis ‘Chipko'? Anon violent movement against large scale deforestation. 7 | What did Vandana Shiva do as a Chipko activist? Participatedin padayatras/documented deforestation 8 | What was the dramatic Chipko action happened in Advani? What are the effects of logging? Bachni Devi protested against her husband, Landslides, floods, scarcity of water, fodder and fuel. 10 | What did Vandana Shiva learn from Chipko? About biodiversity and biodiversity based living economies | 11 Name the book written by Vandana Monocultures of the Mind shiva. 12 | Where was the Navadhanya Farm In Doon Valley. started? 13 | When did the Navadhanya Farm start? | In 1994. 14 | What was Navadhanya? ‘A movement for biodiversity conservation and organic farming, 15 What did biodiversity teach Vandana Shiva? Abundance and freedom/ Cooperation and mutual giving 16 | What prompted UN to initiate a | discussion on the rights of nature? The constitution of Equador. 17 | What does the word ‘apartheid’ mean? Separateness. 18 | What is meant by ‘eco apartheid’ according to the author? The separateness of human beings from nature. 19 | What event in the history marked the beginning of separateness of human beings from nature The industrial revolution. 20 What does the Earth University teach? The Earth Democracy 21) Earth Democrcyis a shift from anthropocentrism to ait Eco centrism 22 Where was the Earth University located? 23 | By whom was the Earth University inspired? At Navadhanya Farm Rabindranath Tagore. 24) Where have India’s best ideas come from according to Tagore? Trees, rivers and lakes 25 | What does the forest teach according to Vandana Shiva? Enoughness / principle of equality. © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) “The conservation of bio-diversity is the answer to the food and nutrition crisis”. Dicuss? 2) ‘Conservation of biodiversity is crucial for the sustenance of both nature and human society’. Discuss with reference to Vandana Shiva's essay. 3) Bring out the significance of bio-diversity and the rights of nature as explained by Vandana Shiva in her essay. “Everything | Need to Know | Learned in the Forest’, is an essay written by Vandana Shiva. It deals with the modern ideas such as deforestation, eco system, bio diversity, organic farming and rights of Nature. Vanda Shiva was brought up in the Himalayan forests. Her father was a forest conservator and mother, a farmer. She learned everything from the Himalayan forests. She was associated with the ‘Chipko Movement, a non violent movement against deforestation, Vandana Shiva was very much influenced by the women who protested against logging. The logging was the cause of landslides, floods and scarcity of water. The women were the victims as they had to walk for longer distences in order to fetch water, fodder and fuel for their hearths. Vandana Shiva was against monoculture. She prefered biodiversity and biodiversity based economies. Therefore she started Navadhanya farm in 1994. The farmers were given demonstration and training. She conserved 600 varieties of rice and 150 varieties of wheat, Navadhanya was a movement for biodiversity conservation and organic farming. Vandana Shiva strongly supported the rights of nature. And she gives the example of Ecuador which has recognized the rights of nature in its constitution, This inspired the United Nations Organization to arrange conference to discuss the domination of people over nature. She expresses her disappointment over transforming the living earth into the dead matter which started with the industrial revolution. The Earth University which was started in Navadhanya, teaches Earth Democracy, The Earth Democrcy means freedom for all species and the freedom and responsibilities of humans in recognizing and protecting the other species. She stresses the need of ecocentrism as against anthropocentrism. The ideals of Rabindranath Tagore have a great influence on Vandana Shiva. She quotes Tagore’s ‘Tapovan’. This Is an essay where Tagore claims that the forests are ‘the source of material and Intellectual regeneration of our Indian civilization. India’s best Ideas have come where man was In communion with trees, rivers and lakes. Vandana Shiva Is of the opinion that nature is the best teacher. And she appeals that we all should stop treating earth as a dead matter. © Scanned with OKEN Scanner5. A SUNNY MORNING - Serafin and Joaquin Alvarez Quinter. Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS ANSWERS What did Dona Laura bring everyday to the Bread crumbs. park? Who did Dona Laura feed everyday in the park?_| Birds/pigeons. Who had occupied Don Gonzalo's bench? Three priests. Where did Don Gonzalo sit? Where did Don Gonzalo take his gun and dog Tohis estate. every day for hunting? What makes peace between Dona Laura and A pinch of snuff. Don Gonzalo? Where was Dona Laura bought up? Where was Don Gonzalo from? Who is referred to as ‘The Silver Malden’? The gallant lover/Don Gonzalo With the merchant. [16 | Who did Don Gonzalo run away with? With the ballet dancer. 7 © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) ‘The ways of Providence are strange.’ How is this true in case of Don Gonzalo and Dona Laura? 2) ‘A Sunny Morning revolves around concealing and revealing Laura and Gonzalo's identity. Elaborate, 3) ‘ASunny Moming’ portrays the wit and humour through Don Gonzalo and Dona Laura's spontaneous reactions. Explain, ANSWER "A Sunny Morning," Is @ comedy of in one act, by Serafin and Joaquin Alvarez Quintero. It is a humorous play which tells the story of Don Gonzalo and Dona Laura who loved each other on their youth but were forced to separate in life. The play begins on a sunny autumn moming in a quiet comer of a park in Madrid. Dona Laura a handsome seventy year old lady is feeding pigeons In the park. Don Gonzalo, a gentleman of seventy, gouty and impatient enters. The meeting of the Laura and Gonzalo in the park strikes the note of humour. The conversation between the two seventy year olds begins sarcastically, they accuse each other. Don Gonzalo calls her "Senile old lady!". She finds him ‘an illnatured old man! Later a pinch of snuff helps to clear their heads, and brings peace between them. Then they start talking of their hometowns and other things. Then Laura reveals that she lived in a villa Maricela, Gonzalois surprised to hear the name "Maricela.” He then tells that he knows a girl who lived in that villa in Maricela, who was perhaps the most beautiful woman he has ever seen. He also reveals that the girl's name was Laura Uorente. Both of them realize each other to be former lovers, Dona Laura was known in her locality as The Silver Maiden,’ She was fair as a lily. She was in love with Gonzalo, the gallant lover. He used to pass by on horseback every morning through the rose garden and tossed up a balcony of flowers to her balcony which she caught. On his way back in the afternoon she would toss the flowers back to him. But Laura's parents wanted to marry her off to a merchant whom she disliked. One day there was a quarrel between Gonzalo and the merchant, the suitor. So he fled from his hometown to Seville and then to Madrid. Even though he tried to communicate with Laura through letters, all attempts failed, He then joined the army and went to Africa. According to Don Gonzalo, his ‘cousin- the lover of Laura’ met with a glorious death in Africa. Laura waited for her beloved's arrival for days, months and a year. But then one day she went to the sea shore, wrote her lover's name on the sand and sat down upon a rock. The tides rose to the rock and swept her out ta sea. This is narrated by both Gonzalo and Laura respectively. But in reality after three months Gonzalo ran off to Paris with a ballet dancer and Laura on the other hand, got married after two years. Thus there is a thread of humour running throughout the play. Even after realizing each other they pretend to be not and frame stories about their own deaths. Laura poses herself to be the friend of the real Laura and Gonzalo as the cousin of the ‘dead Gonzalo.” © Scanned with OKEN Scanner6. WHEN YOU ARE OLD -W. B. Yeats Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS ANSWERS Who does ‘You' refer to in the poem? Young woman. What does ‘book' refer to in the poem? Memories. What should the young woman dream of? Soft look of her eyes. What did the men love about her? Moments of glad grace. Who is the ‘one man’ in the poem? The speaker. others? soul. mean? tempora What should the lady murmur about? About how love fled. Where did the love hide at last? Amid a crowd of stars. © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) How does the speaker distinguish his love from that of the others in the poem “When You Are Old? 2) ‘The speaker addresses a young lady in her old age’ Comment on the time sequence used by the poet in ‘When you Are Old’. ANSWER “When You Are Old Is a beautiful poem written by W. B. Yeats. The theme of the poem is love, Here the speaker is trying to explain his beloved how is love isa true and different one. He is addressing a young woman whom he loved a lot. When she becomes old and gray, the speaker wants her to take the book and read it slowly sitting by the fire. And dream of her soft looks that she had once. ‘There were many men who loved her, but they loved only her moments of glad grace, He Is not sure whether their love for her was true or false. The speaker here is trying to convince her that the others loved only her physical beauty. But he loved her pilgrim soul and the sorrows of her changing face. By ‘changing face’ the speaker means that he loved both her joys and sorrows. He makes it clear that his love is not a temporary one. ‘The poem returns to the time frame of her old age. Sitting by the glowing bars she should murmur sadly about how love fled and went on the mountains. And how hid his face amid a crowd of stars. The time sequence of the poem is Important because this isn't really written from the perspective of two old people. It's written about two young people imagining what life will be like when they are old. 7. THE GARDENER -P. Lankesh Answer the following in a word, phrase ora sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS ‘ANSWERS T_| What helped the author to conceive the Story _| His encounter with an "The Gardener"? old man. 2_| Why did the owner employ the old man? He was well versedin agriculture. | Whatwas the ovmer’s wife worriedabout? _| The owmer stopped working hard. 4_| What story did the ofd man tell the wife? The story of Tammanna and Basavaiah. 5 | Whatwas the most Important among allthe _ | His rivalry with © scanned with OKEN Scannerpossessions of Tammanna? Basavaiah. 6 _| How much land did Tammanna own? One thousand acres. 7 | What unique idea did Tammanna have to Composing ballads and annihilate Basavaiah? singing them. ballads? agricultural tasks more diligent deatroy Basavaiah? 10 | What does a man loose after a particular age? | His name. © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) Give an account of the strategies used by Tammanna to destroy Basavaiah. 2) Bring out the changes in the lifestyle of the owner after the arrival of ‘The Gardener’. 3) How does Tammanna take revenge on Basavaiah through invisible means? ANSWER “The Gardener’, is a short story by P.Lankesh. It tells us the story of rivalry and its consequences. The story is told in a multiple narrative technique which reveals the mystery of human relationship. The rivalry between Tammanna and Basavaiah keeps moving from visual domain to the invisible. Both of them adopt different strategies and counter strategies to challenge each other's wealth. The gardener is an old man who lives in Channapatna. He is a tall figure with a long beaklike nose. But he is very intelligent and well versed in agriculture. It is because of his hard work and intelligence, he got a job. He could understand the problems of the workers very well. When the gardener stopped the petty thefts, the owner's income increased. Then the owner became lethargic and stopped working hard. Besides the owner developed all kinds of bad habits and had become an extravagant. This made the wife anxious. The gardener tried to console her with his story of Tammanna and Basavaiah. Tammanna had one thousand of acres of land where as Basavaiah owned only eight hundred acres. So Basavaiah asked Tammanna to sell two hundred acres of his land which he refused. Basavaiah was mad with rage and he went along with his people and encroached Tammanna’s land forcibly. Tammanna started searching a method that could annihilate Basavaiah. He hit upon an idea of composing ballads and singing. He became very famous and his reputation started spreading all around. But Basavaiah couldn't do this; instead he went on amassing all kinds of material wealth. One day Tammanna was ill and Basavaiah thought that Tammanna’s decease would be his health. But Tammanna at last thought of another idea of punishing Basavaiah. That was death. Foolish Basavaiah gave a tough completion and died at the end. © scanned with OKEN Scanner8. TO THE FOOT FROM ITS CHILD -Pablo Neruda Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS ANSWERS 1_| What would the foot like to be? A butterfly or an apple 2 | What do the stones and bits of glassesrefer | Hardships of life. to? 3 | What teaches the foot that it cannot fly? Stones, bits of glass, streets, ladders and ths. 4__| Where is the foot condemned to live in? In a shoe. 5__| What do the soft nails change into? Opaque substance. 6 | When do the soft nails take the form of When the child grows eyeless reptiles? old. 7 | Where does the foot walk? In the fields, mines, market and ministries. 8 | How long will the foot walk? Until the man chooses to stop 9 | Where does the foot descend at last? Underground. 10 | What does time teach the child? That it cannot fly. 11 | What does the phrase “condemned toliveina | A prisoner shoe" suggest? 12 | Whatis the child's foot not yet aware of? It's a foot. 13 | Where does the foot fall? In the battle of life. © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) Bring out the stages of hardships faced by the foot after being confined in a shoe. 2) Bring out the contrast between illusion and reality in the poem. ANSWER “To The Foot From Its Child”, is a beautiful narrative poem written by Pablo Neruda. The theme of the poem is journey of life. It narrates how the hardships of life crush the dreams and imagination of a child. From birth to death a man goes through various hardships and difficulties. Here the poet uses ‘the foot’, metaphorically suggesting that the foot toils throughout the life. It works continuously without rest and without stopping anywhere. The child’s foot is not yet aware of that it's a foot. It would like to be a butterfly or an apple. But as the time passes the stones, bits of glasses, streets, ladders and the paths teach the foot that it can’t fly. And it can’t be a fruit bulging on a branch. Thus the dreams of the child are defeated. It becomes a prisoner confined to a shoe and falls in the battle of life. As the time moves the foot grows in its own way and loses its touch with its fellows. Itis almost blind. When the child grows up, the soft nails of the foot become hard. They change into an opaque substance. They grow as hard as the horns. The tiny petaled toes of the child are out of trim and take the form of eyeless reptiles. At the end the foot faces the dangers of death. The blind foot walks and walks without rest and stopping nowhere. Now itis a man's foot walking in the fields, mines, markets and ministries. It neither knows love nor sleep. It walks until man chooses to stop. Finally the foot descends into the underground and meets its end. 9. IBELIEVE THAT BOOKS WILL NEVER DISAPPEAR Robert Alfino with Jorge Luis Borges Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS 1_| Where was Borges educated? 2_| Who was an extraordinary person for Borges? 3 | What is given to us as raw material as clay according to Borges? 4_| What is poetry according to Borges? 5 | Name any one metaphor that Borges consider important? What are the books an extension of? ANSWERS ] From his father's library. His mother. Humiliations/misfortunes /embarrassments. An aesthetic act. Time and river. Imagination and memory. © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) Why according to Borges will books never disappear? 2) What value does Borges see in literature? Why it is important fo the mankind? ANSWER “| Believe That Books will Never Disappear” is an interview with the Argentinean writer Jorge Luis Borges by Roberto Alifano. Borges had a multifaceted personality. He was a short story writer, a poet, essayist and a translator and was born in Buenos Aires. In this interview Borges reveals his thoughts about life and literature. Borges was educated from his father's library rather than from any high school or a university. The mother was a kind hearted and a gracious woman who had no enemies. She had a lot of influence on Borges. He felt somewhat guilty for not having given her the deserved happiness. Borges became blind at the age of 55 but he never complained about it. Instead he considered it as a resource. He accepted his blindness and considered humiliations, misfortunes and embarrassments as raw material. Apart from his personal details Borges expresses his views on poetry and literature. According to him poetry is both an aesthetic and poetic act. It is magical, mysterious and unexplainable. He says that poetry is the use of right words in right place. And he reduces all metaphors into 5 or 6 groups such as time and river, life and dreams, death and sleep, and stars and eyes. He thought that books will never disappear because they are the extension of our Imagination and memories. The modern technology does affect the books. The books are the great memory of all centuries. Their function therefore is irreplaceable. Borges firmly believed that if books disappear, surely history would disappear and at the end man would disappear. © scanned with OKEN Scanner= 10. Heaven If You are Not Here On Earth - Kuvempu Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS Where is heaven according to the poet? 2 | Who have to be gods to make this earth a heaven? 3_| Where is the rolling surf found? 4 _| Where does the tender sunshine lean? 5S | When does the heaven lie all over? |6 | Who creates heaven on earth by imbibing and spilling the song of nectar? 7 | What does the phrase ‘song of nectar refer to? 8 | What is more beautiful than the heaven according to the poet? ANSWERS Onearth. Ourselves. At the edge of waves. Onthe verdant garden. In the splendor of harvest and of moonlight. The poet. A beautiful song created by poet The earth. © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) When according tothe speaker can there be no Gods in ‘Heaven, If you are not on Earth’? 2) Who can create heaven on earth in ‘Heaven if you are not on Earth’? ANSWER “Heaven If You Are Not Here On Earth”, is beautiful poem by Kuvempu on nature and its beauty. Kuvempu is one of the greatest Kannada poets of the 20" century. He was awarded Jnanpith award for his “Ramayana Darshanam”. The theme of the poem is how we the human beings can transform this earth into a heaven by following the path of virtue. The concept of heaven is an abstract idea. But we can have the heaven here on the earth itself by becoming ourselves gods and nymphs. The poet expects us to develop noble and divine qualities so that the earth will be transformed into a place beauty. The objects of nature such as ‘roaring stream, ‘rolling surf’, ‘tender sunshine’, “verdant garden’ and the gentle sun make this earth a beautiful heaven. The splendour of harvest and the moonlight that has spread all over make this earth a beautiful place. The poet creates heaven on earth through his sweet songs. Thus the poem celebrates the beauty of nature and its beauty. 11, "Japan And Brazil Through A Traveler's Eye” - George Mikes Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] JUESTIONS ‘ANSWERS T_| What are we convinced about when wearein | We are among the well Japan? mannered people. 2 | Where do the people of Japantive? In an overcrowded island. [3_| What do the Japanese respect more? Privacy. ‘4 | What is bowing equal to? Shaking hands or kissing onthe cheek. 5 | What makes difference in Japanese’ bowing? | The rank and position of the people. [6 [What did the deer do after bowing? It snatched the food. 7 | What should we do while eating soup in We have to make noise. Japan? 8 | What are the streets of Copacabana With beautiful black decorated with? mosaics. 9 | What are extremely expensivein Brazil? Motor car. 10 | Who are the hunter and prey? The driver and © Scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) How does George Mikes describe bowing to be a quainter and infectious trait of Japanese people? 2) Whose lfe ts becoming mere hazardous in Brazl every day according to George es? 3) Give an account of the Japanese mania for bowing as described by George Mikes. ANSWER “Japan and Brazil Through a Traveler's Eyes”, is a travelogue. It tells us a story about the people and culture of the two countries, they ere Japan and Brazil. It is written by George Mikes, a publisher and journalist from Hungary. Japan is an island which Is overcrowded but the people are extremely well mannered. They respect privacy more than anything else. For instance they keep the telephone on a table or on a cash counter as they don’t have enough places for the booths. One can talk about his business or about love, but nobody listens to him. ‘The Japanese have a mania for bowing. Everybody bows to everybody else. Thelr act of bowing is natural and inimitable. The bowing is neither more nor less than shaking hands or kissing on the cheeks, The depth and length of bowing depends on the social positions and ranks of peaple. In the Japanese’ culture one should make noise while eating the soup. And it is a sign of appreciation. The people of Brazil are very slow when they are walking but the same people become dangerous when they are driving cars, Because no speed is fast enough for ‘them, Though the cars are very expensivetn Brazil but thelr number Is Increasing leaps and bounds. The life of the pedestrians is so difficult that sometimes it becomes impossible to cross the roeds. The drivers have wars but there is no anger or hostility and no hooting. Here the writer depicts both the positive and negative aspects of the Japanese and Brazilians. 12, The Voter ~Chinua Achebe 18 © scanned with OKEN ScannerAnswer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS ANSWERS 1_| What was the short name for Rufus Okeke? What does PAP stand for? 5 | What was Marcus Ibe in the outgoing jovernment? What was Roof expert in? 2 | Where did Roof work as a bicycle repairer's In Port Harcourt. apprentice? 3_| Name Roofs village. Umuofia. }4_|Whatdoes PAP standfor? Roof. People Alliance Party. A Minister of Culture. 6 7 | What was Marcus Ibe before he joined 9 | Expand POP, In election campaigning. A school teacher, olitics? 8_| What promise did the PAP make? Pipe borne water. Progressive Name the local deity mentioned in the story. How much money did the POP campaigner offer Roof? What was the election symbol of Marcus |be? What was Roof's dilemma at the end? Organization Party 10 | Who was the stranger that visited Roof? A POP campai lyi. 5 pounds Whether to vote for Marcus Ibe or Maduka 16 | What did the people realize after Marcus Ibe's feasting? His wealth What mesmerized Roof? [5pounds sd © scanned with OKEN Scanner1) ‘Roof isa clever manipulator.’ Justify. 2) ‘The Voter’ ridicules the power and selfishness of Marcus Ibe. Explain. 3) Do you think that The voter’ is right in demanding money to vote for Marcus Ibe? Explain ANSWER "The Voter”, is a short story written by Chinua Achebe. He is a very well known poet, Novelist and a story writer. “Things Fall Apart", "Arrow Of God", “No Longer At Ease", are some of his best novels. In “The Voter, Chinua Achebe brings out the evils of elections in modern democracy and the human weaknesses for power and money. Rufus Okeke, Marcus Ibe and Maduka are the important characters of the story. Roof is a young and energetic man from Umuofia. People respected and trusted him for his sincerity and innocence. Like the other boys he didn’t abandon his village in order to seek a better job in the cities. He stayed in the village to guide the people. Roof was a real expert in election campaigning and he worked for Marcus Ibe, the minister for culture In the outgoing government. Marcus Ibe was a school teacher and later he joined politics to avoid the dismissal from service, as there was a complaint against him from a teacher, Within five years he earned a lot of wealth and many degrees. He owned two long cars and built a large mansion which he named it as “Umuofia Mansion”. After attending Marcus Ibe’s feast people realized his wealth and they decided that this time they wauld not vote for him free ef charge. Roof was strongly supporting the PAP candidate Marcus Ibe. Even he was in charge of whispering campaign and distributing money. He reminded the people about the promise of pipe borne water. But the day before election a POP campaigner visited Roof and offered him five pounds. Roof not only took the money he even took oath on the deity lyi to vote for Maduka. But on the day of election, he was in a dilemma. Finally he took the ballot paper, tore it into two pieces and put them in each of the boxes. Thus Chinua Achebe exposes the candidates, voters and the election campaigners. 13. WHERE THERE IS A WHEEL +P. Sainath Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] ANSWERS. QUESTIONS Pudukottai. Which was the district that promoted cycling as amovement? 2. | What doe cycling symbolize according to the women of Pudukottai? [3_[ what was Fathima? Independence, freedom and mobility. Secondary school © Scanned with OKEN ScannerN.Kannammal. Who was the Arivoli coordinator? 5 | Whowas one of the pioneers of cycling movement? 6 | Where did the ‘cycling training camp take Kilakuruchi village. place? Whose brainchild was cycling? Sheela Rani Chunkath. What was Seela Rani Chunkath? Former district collector. How many women participated in the cycle 1500 women rally at Pudukottai. Whe wrote the famous cycling song? Muthu Bhaskaran What did the cycling boost? 1 | What did the cycling cut down? Time wasted in waiting 2 for buses © scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) How does cycling empower rural women according to P. Sainath? 2) How did Sheela Rani Chunkath empower the Pudukottai women by including cycling inthe literacy drive? 3) Discuss how cycling movement has empowered the rural women of Pudukkecttai. ANSWER “Where There Is A Wheel” is an essay written by P. Sainath. It narrates how cycling brought wealth and economic development among women in the poor and backward district of Pudukottai in Tamilnadu. There was a cycling movement throughout the district of Pudukottai. The rural women specially the neo-literates actively participated. These rural women used cycling as a weapon to fight against their poverty and dependence. Women agricultural workers, quarry labourers and village health nurses were among the fans of cycling. N. Kannammal was one of the pioneers of cycling movement. According to her cycling gave women confidence and it reduced their dependence on men. The women had to put up with vicious attacks on their character in the beginning but this did not deter them. Cycling camps were held in Arivoli on Sundays and a large number of women participated The cycling movement was the brainchild of Sheela Rani Chunkath, the former district collector. She even encouraged the banks to sanction loans for women to buy the bicycles. Cycling played an important role in the literacy drive as the women could reach the remote villages. The cycling movement boosted the income of women. For them it cut down the time wasted in waiting for buses. The women could cover large areas to sell their produces. It also reduced their dependence on fathers, brothers and husbands. © scanned with OKEN Scanner25. WATER - Challapalli Swaroopa Rani Answer the following in a word, phrase or a sentence [1 mark each] QUESTIONS: 1 | What does the phrase ‘generations- old strife” refer to? 2 | What difference of race does the water know? Whose agony does the water know? ANSWERS The conflict between the village and the wada. The Samaria woman and Jesus the Jew The agony of the panchama. Who didn’t have the right to draw a pot of water from the well? The panchama. What humiliated the wada girl? Who did Suvarthamma oppose? What did Suvarthamma ask the Kamma landlords? What Is the water witness to? What does a single drop of water embody? ity Movement did the water cause? Pouring water from distance. The Kamma landlords. Not to pollute the pond water. To centurles of social Tears shed over generations. to? What does the phrase ‘wondrous festival ‘refer The weekly bath. Where can water sit innocently? =P =F =P -P] o a What is the new name for water? Mineral water. In Bisleri bottle, © Scanned with OKEN ScannerQUESTIONS 1) Why is water a mighty movement according to the speaker of ‘Water’? 2) How does the poem ‘Water’ demonstrate the disparity and discrimination in our society using water as a symbol? ANSWER “Water’ is a narrative poem written by Challapalli Swaroopa Rani. The poem deals with the struggle against discrimination on the basis of caste and creed. It narrates how the low caste panchamas underwent the hardships and exploitations in the hands of the upper caste people. According to the speaker water is not an insignificant thing because it has a long history of conflict. It created a huge gap between the village and wada. Water also knows the difference of race between the Samaria woman and Jesus the Jew. Itis sad that the panchama had no right to draw a pot of water from a well. They had to wait all day near the well just for a pot of water. The wada girl was insulted as the Shudra poured water to her from a distance. Suvarthamma was beaten and threatened when she opposed the Kamma landlords polluting the pond. Water led to many mighty movements like Mahad struggle. Every drop of water embodies tears of the dalits and panchamas. The upper caste people enjoyed the bath twice a day but the panchamas had only a weekly bath. The speaker remembers her childhood when she used to carry a pot of water on her head and used to walk miles together. Water was responsible for a number of atrocities on the low caste people. Their houses were burnt; men and women were killed brutally. It swallowed village after village. Water is both a creator and destructor and now it has been treated like a commodity. It is unfortunate that it has fallen into the hands of the multi-national companies like Pepsi. © scanned with OKEN ScannerGRAMMAR 01 Right forms of verbs a2. Reported speech a3 Dialogue Writing (Language Functions) 04 Idioms and Phrases Linkers Note Making Pronouns Rearrangement of jumbled segments 1. RIGHT FORMS OF VERBS Question No 26 [3 Marks] 1) Romeo loved Juliet 2) Juliet was loved by Romeo When we study the above sentences we find out that there is no change in meaning. But the only difference is in the way of expression. Sentence no (1), is Active sentence and the sentence no (2), is a Passive sentence. Structure of an Active Sentence: (S + V + 0) SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT Romeo loved Jullet Structure of a Passive sentence: (0 + HV + MV Ill FORM /PP + BY + SUBJECT) OBJECT + HELPING VERB+MAINVERB/PP FORM +BY + SUBJECT Jullet was loved by Romeo © Scanned with OKEN Scanner= Note: Verb In Active Voice is called an Active Verb. Ex- loved * Note: Verb in Passive Voice is called a Passive Verb. Ex- was loved Structure of passive verb: HV+MV Ill FORM was +loved Question: A fence .. (build) around Tammanna’s land by Basavaiah. Both of them encourage) by their supporters. Tammanna . (advise) by his id supporters about the various means available for getting ba Answer: A fence was bullt around Tammanna’s land by Basavalah. Both of them were encouraged by their supporters. Tammanna was advised by his supporters about the various means available for getting back his land Question: In the Toy kingdom, a council .......... (call) to consider what ....... it... .. (decide) to send a letter to Italy Answer: Inthe Toy kingdom, a council was called to consider what could be done and it was decided to send a letter to Italy .. (could,do) and 2. REPORTED SPEECH Question No 34 [5 Marks] KIND OF SENTENCE | CONJUNCTION | EXAMPLES USED Direct: Gonzalo sald, "they have 1 Assertive occupied my bench’. (Reporting verb) Said, replied Indirect: Gonzalo said that they had explained, added, dhis bench pointed, declared, suggested, admitted, same "Wh" Direct: Gonzalo, ‘what dovou wish?" word of the direct speech rect: Gonzalo_asked what she © Scanned with OKEN ScannerQuestions, wished, (Reporting Verb) Direct: Gonzalo, “Have the priests gone?” asked, questioned, enquired, inquired, Indirect: Gonzalo asked If the priests had gone. NOTE THE STRUCTRE Direct: Verb + Subject Indirect: Subject +Verb ative Impet (Reporting Verb) Direct; Roof said, “vote for the car. ordered, requested, Indirect: Roof requested to vote for the commanded, begged, car advised, warned. Direct: Laura said, “What an atrocious Exclamatory lie itis (Reporting Verb) exclaimed Indirect: Laura exclaimed that it was a great atrocious lie. Question:1 Dona Laura: Do you use a shoe brush as a handkerchlef? Don Gonzalo: What right have you to criticize my actions? Dona Laura: A neighbor's right Don Gonzalo: I don't care to listen to nonsense. Dona Laura: You are very polite. Reported Speech: Dona Laura questioned Don Gonzalo If he used his shoe brush as a handkerchief for which he asked her as to what right she had to criticize his actions. Dona Laura replied that she had a neighbour's right. Don Gonzalo continued that he didn't care to listen to nonsense but Dona Laura remarked that he was very polite. Question:2 Dona Laura: Are you coming tomorrow? Don Gonzalo: Most certainly, if It is a sunny morning. And not only will | scare away the birds but | will bring a few crumbs. Dona Laura: Thank you very much. Birds are grateful and repay attention. © Scanned with OKEN ScannerReported Speech: Dona Laura asked Don Gonzalo If he was coming next day. Don Gonzalo replied Positively and continued that not only he would scare away the birds but he would bring a few crumbs. Dona Laura thanked him and sald that birds were grateful and repaid attention. 3. DIALOGUE WRITING (LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS) Question No: 28 [4 Marks] A language function Is the use of an expression (a sentence or a phrase) fora specific purpose. It is the purpose of speaking. For example when we say, “Good morning” our purpose is greeting someone. And when we say, “I am sorry” our purpose is apologizing. In our everyday conversations we use innumerable expressions for different purposes. A language teacher's task is to make the effective communicator. These language functions help the students developing communicative skills. The students must be exposed to yocabulary and grammatical structures associated with the language functions. LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS EXPRESSIONSUSED [| _——sSRESPONSES —_si| Good morning . Good morning Good afternoon... Very good morning 1.Expression of greeting | Good evening Good afternoon ..... Good night... Good evening Good night . Isitso.... Thatis nice .... 2.Expression of personal habits, Bye, take care... Good bye..... 3.Expression of leave Fine ... taking Allright .... Bye-Bye ... Well it Is time for me now Would you please... Why not.. Could you possibly ... Don't worry .. . Ifyou don't mind ..... Byall means... © Scanned with OKEN Scanner4,Expression of requests Sorry to trouble you ...... I would be grateful If you thope you don't mind... 5.Expressing Likes and Dislikes 6.Expressing Gratitude am fond of.... Hove... ones 1S my favourite. lam addictedto ... Tenjoy ..... tam crazy j about seve Idon't like... Idislike ... thate.. Inever like... Tam grateful to you Itis very nice of you Itis very kind of you Thank you somuch That Is fine... Itis so nice... That Is very good... Good, keep It up That is very bad ... Very good..... So interesting .... US IR? cessasaee Itis my pleasure .... itis my pleasure Itis my duty Welcome 7.Expressing Apology I beg your pardon... lam so sorry ... lam extremely sorry... Itis OK... Itis all right .... Don't worry ... Nothing to wort 8.Expressing sympathy 9, seeking Permission 10.Complaining How sad! I sympathize ‘with you ... My sympathies are with Would it be all right if 1... tam Sorry to say... Jregret to Inform you nose By all means .... Why not... Go ahead Certainly .. Sorry for .. Wewill take note ........ 11.Congratulating Congratulations .... I must congratulate you.. We would like to congratulate... Thank you ..... Question: Complete the following dialogue. (Deepak and his wife Rani plan to have a holiday. They discuss the options.) Deepak : Rani, taday my boss told me that | could take a vacation. Wow! Rani Deepak Rani (congratulating) (Suggesting a place) it will be too cold (disagreeing) © Scanned with OKEN ScannerDeepak 5 sacar soma [EWI be lovely (Giving an option) Answer. Deepak : Rani, today my boss told me that | could take a vacation. Rani ‘ow | would like to congratulate you. Deepak : Shall we go to coty? Rani: Noitis winter season, it will be too cold. Deepak : Then how about going to Goa, It will be lovely. Question: (Raju is studying in PUC Ill year, He is suffering from fever so he wants to meet the principal and get leave) . (seeks permission to enter the office) What is the matter Raju. (ives Permission) am suffering from fever for some days. ... (requests to sanction leave) (gives permission) thanks) Raju = May I come in sir? Principal : Yes, come in. What is the matter, Raju? Raju : Sir, Lam suffering from fever for some days. Would you please sanction me leave for two days sir? Principal : Noproblem, you may take leave. Raju : Thank you very much sir. 4. IDIOMS AND PHRASES Question No.29 [2 Marks] Idioms and Phrases are group of words which have a different meaning when used together. People often use them as a way of saying something. Example: Roof felt as though he were being Here ‘split in two’ is an idiomatic phrase which means “confused or in dilemma’. Alist of idioms and phrases IDIOMS AND PHRASES MEANING hard put to something difficult to do get rid of to become free from something or someone. broke down, to cry or wei put ith tolerate to choose cut down on to reduce to throw away to lose pass by miss something or someone face lit up to show happiness a0 © Scanned with OKEN Scannergive up. take by storm to abandon to succeed overwhelmingly ‘the calm before the storm in fullswing in high spirits peaceful time before a trouble to be in good mood keep a whole skin leap higher save oneself without suffering harm over excitement took blue looking forward to sad to expect run into Zip along to take or drive to move fast ‘Shrunk into to become smaller fun out of shortage Alland sundry hit out at to face take to to become fond of take part to participate take care of look after ‘Cut down to save Hit upon. too discover one and all to get hold of to reach to put up with to tolerate to take a nap to have sleep for awhile Move away to withdraw Move to. to shift Question: Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate expressions given in brackets. (2x1=2) (to be in high spirits, to throw away, pass by) Marcus knew that he would win but he didn’t wan’ while Roof weighed down with guilt, pretended ..... Answer a single vote. All the Marcus knew that he would win but he didn’t want to throw away a single vote. All the while Roof weighed down with guilt, pretended to be In high spirits. (cut down on, put up with, go in for) © Scanned with OKEN ScannerA lot of women in Pudukottai were unable to wait for lady's cycles. Therefore they had to. .. men's cycle. They knew that bicycles .. .. time, wasted in waiting for buses. Answer. A lot of women in Pudukottal were unable to wait for lady’s cycles. Therefore they had to go In for men’s cycle. They knew that bicycles cut down on time, wasted in. waiting for buses. 5. COHESIVE LINKERS Question No 30 [4 Marks] Linkers or linking words are the words which are used to connect words, phrases, Clauses, and sentences Question: Fill in the blanks with the linker. Question: (before, and, although, as) Roof would have put it. Then he had received a strange visit from the leader of POP campaign team. he and Roof were well known to each other. .» Might even be is, his visit was cold business like. No words were wasted. He placed five pounds on the floor ... . Roof Answer: As Roof would have put it. Then he had received a strange visit from the leader of POP. campaign team. Although he and Roof were well known to each other. And might even be called friends, his visit was cold business like. No words were wasted. He placed five pounds on the floor before Roof Question; (butsuch as, and, In addition to) Look at a waste garbage dump... .. Vegetable waste, paper and broken glass, you will find a considerable amount of plastic material .. ... Shampoo bottles, bags wom out shoes. Vegetable scraps paper are biodegradable .. . glass and plastic continue to accumulate and harm the environment. Answer. Look at a waste garbage dump such as vegetable waste, paper and broken glass, you will find a considerable amount of plastic material in addition to Shampoo bottles, bags and worn out shoes. Vegetable scraps paper are biodegradable but glass and plastic continue to accumulate and harm the environment. © Scanned with OKEN Scanner6, NOTE MAKING Question No: 31. [1/2x8= 4 Marks] va Note the Points. * Read the short passage carefully. * Don't rush through It, “” Understand the gist. ‘= \dentify the main points. * Remember the essential details, 7_Fillin the blanks with essential details. Exercise Seals have a streamlined body and four flippers. So they are suited to live In water. They come to land to rest, mate and give birth. Together with walrus they belong to the order ‘Pinnipedia’ meaning ‘wing foot’. They live all over the world but are most common in Arctic and Antarctic where there is plenty of food. They have been hunted for their fur and blubber. Seals sulted to live in Come ta land to Belong to 1 Ls] meaning [is] | hunted for © Scanned with OKEN Scanner7.WRITING A LETTER OF APPLICATION (Question No: 32 [5 Marks]) ADVERTISEMENT: The students are required to study the given advertisement carefully. And note down the following points India Today Requires, Journalists Qualification : M.A. In Journalism/Mass Communication Candidates With 3 Years Experience Will Be Given Preference Should Have Excllent Communication Skill Apply Within 10 Days To The Editor India Today No.1 M.G.Road Bangalore Identify the company or the person who requires the position Identify the position or the post that is required Identify the name of the news paper in which the advertisement has appeared Identify the date of the publication of the advertisement Identify the prescribed qualification Identify the address of the company or the person to whom the application has tobe sent Vege eey FORMAT OF A LETTER OF APPLICATION XXX YYY YYY 00/00/0000 © Scanned with OKEN ScannerRespected sir/Madam Subject: Application for the post of .... Ref : Your advertisement published i : (Body of the letter) Thank you Yours faithfully Signature XXX MODEL LETTER OF APPLICATION Advertisement That Appeared in The Vijayavani dated 10-12-2014 ROYAL ENFIELD WANTED Receptionist Qualification: IIPUC with computer knowledge Knowledge of Kannada, English and Hindi languages is must Apply immediately to The Manager Classic Mators Kusagal Road, Keshwapur,Hublk23_ XXX YYY YYY 12/12/2014 The Manager Classic Motors Kusgal Road,Keshwapur,Hubl-23 Dear sir/Madam Subject: Application for the post of Receptionist Ref ; Your advertisement published in The Vijayavani. .Dated 10/12/2014 In response to your advertisement mentioned in the reference, | would like to apply forthe post of receptionist. © Scanned with OKEN Scanner| have passed IIPUC with a distinction and I have a di iploma course in computer. Besides | am fluent in Kannada, English and Hindi. In addition to this | have an experience of having worked as a receptionist for two years. Herewith | have enclosed a resume. I hope that it will meet all of your requirements Thank you Yours faithfully Signature XXX RESUME Name 2 XXX Father's Name :MMM Date of birth : 00-00-0000 Permanent Address : YYY YYY YYY Nationality :lndian Languages Known : Kannada, English and Hindi Educational Qualifications Board/University Name of the examination Yeat/ Marks Subjects studied SSLC SSEB 2010, 490/625 K.E.H.SS.Sc.Maths Puc Pre-University Edu Dept 2012 540/600 Kan.Eng,Hist,Eco,P al Sc,Soc Experience > Two years Other Hobbies : Reading, listening to music and sports Place: Date: 8. SPEECH WRITING AND REPORT WRITING (Any one) Question No 33[5 Marks] SPEECH WRITING: Signature XXX 35 © Scanned with OKEN ScannerIntroduction: “A speech is an oral communication which is usually made in public either on a formal or on an Informal occasion" A speech varies _. According to the audience that we are speaking to -According to the topic that we are speaking about -According to the occasion that we are speaking on Some examples of speeches > Thank you speech Farewell speech Welcome speech Speech ontopic of interest Speech on social issues Speech on the introduction of guests vvvvY +Note the Points ® Study the topic given for speech writing. * Identify the audience and address accordingly. = |dentify the occasion of the speech. * Organize the thoughts in a logical order. The structure af good speech writing is as following. A. Beginning B. Middle C.End A. Beginning (Introduction): » Itincludes the address to the audience. » Introduction of the topic that you are gaing to speak. > Mention the occasion on which you are speaking |. Middle (Body): It includes the details of the subject of speech. The thoughts should be organized. There should bea logical progression. Avoid the repetition of the points. BAA © Scanned with OKEN ScannerC. End (Conclusion): v It includes the summery of the main points. Conclude with a compelling remark. » Say thanks for listening to you. v EXAMPLE-1 You are the secretary of your College Union. You have invited the District Commissioner as the chief guest for the College Day. Based on the following details about him, write a speech in about 100 words to introduce him at the function. Name : Dr Niranjan Birth place : Bangalore Education :M.B.8.S. from Bangalore University LA.S.—2005 batch Profile : Started career as an IAS, probationer. Posted as Asst. ‘Commissioner to Haveri-Got the budget sanctioned for city Drinking water project and earned good name, Now D.C. |n your town Answer. Good morning Respected Principal, beloved teachers, my dear friends, ladies and gentlemen. |, XXXX the secretary of College Union, have a great honour and privilege to be able to introduce you today’s chief guest Dr Niranjan, on this auspicious occasion of our College Day. Dr Niranjan was born in Bangalore and studied in this Garden City only. He received his M.B.B.S, degree from Bangalore University. And he passed I,A.S. in the year 2005, Or Niranjan started his career as an |.4.S. probationer. Then posted as an Assistant Commissioner to Haveri. As an Asst.Commissioner he got the budget sanctloned for city drinking water. This was his remarkable achievement and it brought him a good name. He has distinguished himself as a sincere officer. He took several measures to put an end to the menace of corruption. And he has a great concern for the downtrodden people. We are very fortunate to have an honest and sincere officer like Dr Niranjan as our District Commissioner. | am sure that you will all enjoy his words of wisdom. © Scanned with OKEN ScannerThank you one and all. EXAMPLE-2 QUESTION: Imagine you are the secretary of Eco Club of your callege. On the occasion of “World Environment Day” you are required to give a speech on the need for awareness to preserve nature. Based on the following information write a speech in about 100 words. -need for conservation + cause of destruction - depletion of ozone layer + health hazards ANSWER: Good morning everybody Respected Principal, my beloved lecturers and dear friends. As you all know that every year 5" June is celebrated as “World Environment Day” to create global awareness In order to take a positive environmental action to protect nature and planet earth. As a part of It we have assembled here. | XYZ ,the secretary of the Eco Club of this institution Is here before you to present some of my views on the “World Environment Day”. Every one of us know the importance of nature. It consists of all living beings on earth, which are mutually dependent on each other. Because of the pollution some birds and animals are on the verge of extinction, So there is an urgent need for {he preservation of nature. The increasing number of vehicles and industries is leading to the excessive release of carbon dioxide. This is not only responsible for the depletion ofozone layer but also causing many health hazards. Man, birds and animals all depend on plants and trees. On this great day | humbly request all of you to plant trees on all the special occasions that you come across and inspire others to do so. With this | would like to conclude my speech. Thank you one and all. REPORT WRITING: Introduction: |t is said that a picture is worth a thousand words, so also a graph provides us with an in-depth information about variety of things. They help us to compare and contrast various facts and figures. Graphs are very useful in the fields such as Industry ,trade& commerce, education, © Scanned with OKEN Scannerscience and technology. SOME OF THE DICTIONARY DEFINITIONS OF A GRAPH > Graph is a diagram showing the relation between variable quantities, typically of two variables, each measured along one of a pair of axes at right angles. » adiagram representing a system of connections or interrelations among two or more things by a number of distinctive dots, lines, bars, etc. > Adiagram that exhibits a relationship, often functional, between two sets of numbers as a set of points having coordinates determined by the relationship. » Apictorial device, such as a pie chart or bar graph, used to illustrate quantitative relationships. Also called chart, Exampl Assurvey was conducted to understand how the P.U.C. students spend their leisure time. Based on the information given in the pie chart below, prepare a critical report for your college magazine Report: The survey provides ample evidence that how the P.U.C. students misuse their leisure time instead of utilizing it to get refreshed. They seem to have fargotten the good hobbies such as painting, sketching, sculpting and music. It is evident from the data that most of the students are addicted to television, They spend almost half of their leisure time In watching movies, sports and serials on T.V. As aresult of this the students are growing more violent and aggressive in their conduct. They have little time for playing, sleeping and going out with friends. It is really unfortunate that the students don’t know what to do with their leisure time. They are under the impression that leisure time means merry making. Therefore It is necessary on the part of both the teacher and the parents to counsel the students. 09. PRONOUNS Question No: 34[4x1=4 Marks] Definition: Pronouns a word used instead of a noun. Pronouns are used in order to avoid the repetition of nouns. © Scanned with OKEN ScannerKinds of Pronouns Personal pronouns 1, We, You, He, She, It, They Passessive pronouns | My, Our, Your, His, Her, Its, Mine, Ours, yours, Theirs, Hers, Reflexive pronouns Myself, Yourself, Himself, Itself. Interrogative Who, Whom, Whose, What, which, Relative pronouns Who, That, Which, Demonstrative This, There, That, Those. pronouns Distributive pronouns | Each, Every, Either, Neither. Indefinite pronouns Anyone, Anybody, Someone, Somebody, No one, Nobody. _ (QUESTION:1 What do the underlined words in the following extract refer to? Luisa’s parents did not approve of her marriage to a telegraph operator, and her son Gabriel, the oldest of twelve children, was sent to live with his maternal grandparents. Marquez later said that his love of storytelling came from his grandparents. After the riots he went to the university in Cartagena, where he took up Journalism to support himself. |. her li, his ii. where \v. himself ANSWER: i. her : Louisa’s ii. his : Marquez's li. where : Cartgena iv. himself: Marqueza 10. ARRANGEMENT OF JUMBLED SEGMENTS © Scanned with OKEN ScannerQuestion No: 35 (1 Mark) WORD ORDER IN ENGLISH @ Asentence is divided Into two parts 1. Subject and 2. Predicate Subject part includes -a noun, pronoun or a noun phrase Predicate part includes- verbs, verb phrases and complements Question: Knowledge/not just/the source of was and freedom/the forest Answer :The forest was not just the source of knowledge and freedom. Question: Extremely/expensive/in Brazil/motor cars/are Answer :Motor cars are extremely expensive in Brazil © scanned with OKEN Scanner