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First Law of Thermodynamics Material

First Law of Thermodynamics problem learning material from the Mechanical Engineering program.

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Swag Mooshroom
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137 views

First Law of Thermodynamics Material

First Law of Thermodynamics problem learning material from the Mechanical Engineering program.

Uploaded by

Swag Mooshroom
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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First law of Thermodynamics ( FLOT )

The first law of thermodynamics states the energy equation (energy balance) of the system.

Classification of System :
1. Closed System (Control mass)
A closed system allows only energy transfer but no transfer of mass.

2. Open System (Control Volume)


An open system is one which can allow mass as well as energy to flow through its
boundaries
( FLOT )

1. Closed System
Energy Equation :
( FLOT )

1. In an experimental set-up, 5 kg of salt solution is heated in a glass vessel by a gas burner. An


electric stirrer is used to ensure uniform heating of the solution. The internal energy of the
solution is to be increased from 200 to 250 KJ/kg in 15 minutes. The power consumption of the
stirrer is 30 W. The rate of heat loss from the vessel is 50W. Determine the power of the gas
burner req’d. ans. 298 W

Given:
( FLOT )

2. A piston cylinder assembly contains 0.25 kg of air with an internal energy of 30 KJ/Kg. It is
compressed to a higher pressure and the final internal energy is 70 KJ/Kg. During compression
there is a heat loss of 2000 J. Determine the work input needed for compression. Ans 12 KJ

Given:
( FLOT )

2. Open System
An open system is one which can allow mass as well as energy to flow through its boundaries

Conservation of Mass :
Three different situation :
( FLOT )

3. A pressure cooker containing some water with an internal energy of 300 KJ is heated by a gas burner. 0.5
kg of steam with an enthalpy 1800 KJ/kg escapes through the safety valve. The average velocity of the
steam is 5 m/s. The heat loss through the wall of the cooker is 250 KJ. If the final internal energy of the
water and steam in the cooker is 500 KJ, find the heat supplied to the cooker. Ans.1350 KJ

Given:
( FLOT )

4. The velocity of the water at the entrance and the exit of a hydraulic turbine are 10 m/s and 3 m/s respectively.
The change in enthalpy of the water is negligible. The entrance is 5m above the exit. If the flow rate of water
is 18000 m3/hr, determine the power developed by the turbine. Ans.472.8 KW

Given:
( FLOT )

5. Air and fuel enter a furnace used for home heating. The air has an enthalpy of 302 KJ/kg and the fuel
has an enthalpy of 43207 KJ/kg. The gas leaving the furnace have an enthalpy of 616 KJ/kg. There are
17 kgair/kgfuel.The house requires 17.6 KW of heat. What is the fuel consumption per day?
Ans.40.819 kg/day

Given:
( FLOT )
6. It is required to select a suitable blower for the air conditioning system of a tourist bus. The blower takes in fresh air from the
atmosphere, passes it across the air conditioning coils and delivers the cooled air through small nozzles inside the bus. An exhaust fan
then removes the used air from the bus cabin. The other relevant information are gives below;
Capacity of the bus ----- 45 seats
Solar radiation through the windows -- 8 KW
Heat infiltration through the roof, side and floor of the bus --- 12 KW
Specific enthalpy of cooled air entering the bus through nozzles ----289 kJ/kg
Specific enthalpy of used air leaving the bus through the exhaust fan ---- 310 kJ/kg
Body heat per adult --- 115 W
Under steady state conditions determine the mass flow rate of air handled by the blower when
a. the bus is empty b. the bus is full

Given:
( FLOT )

7. In a rotating compressor atmospheric air with specific enthalpy of 80 KJ/Kg continuously enters the compressor and is
compressed to a high pressure. The air leaves the compressor with a specific enthalpy of 426 KJ/Kg. During the process
32 KJ/Kg of heat is lost to the surroundings. Find the required work input to the compressor per kilogram of air
compressed.
Given:
THANK YOU CLASS!

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