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Basic Concept in or Pre

This is a summary an the overview of the basic concept of preoperative under NCM 112

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11 views2 pages

Basic Concept in or Pre

This is a summary an the overview of the basic concept of preoperative under NCM 112

Uploaded by

Scion
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BASIC CONCEPT IN OR PRE-OPERATIVE condition.

The condition may even be life


COMPOSES OF 3 PHASIS threatening.

- PRE-OPERATIVE Examples are:


- INTRA-OPERATIVE
- acute appendicitis
- POST-OPERATIVE
- trauma.
PRE-OPERATIVE – Begins when the decision is
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LOCAL AND GENERAL
made to undergo surgery and ends when the
ANETHESIA
patient if transferred to the OR bed.
local anesthesia - is where a small area of the
RESPOSIBILITIES OF THE NURSE IN PRE-
body is numbed and you remain fully
OPERATIVE PHASE
conscious – often used during minor
- Perform assessments procedures.
- Determines nursing diagnosis
general anesthesia - is where you're totally
- Identifies potential outcomes
unconscious and unaware of the procedure –
- Develop plan of care
often used for more serious operations.
INTRA-OPERATIVE PHASE – Begins when the
patient is transferred to OR bed and
continuous until patient is admitted to the
post-operative area.

THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE NURSE IN


INTRA-OPERATIVE PHASE

- nurse carries out the plan of care

POST-OPERATIVE PHASE – begins with the


admission of the patient in the post-operative
area or PACU (post-anesthesia care unit) and
ends when the surgeon discontinues follow
up care.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELECTIVE AND


EMERGENCY SURGERY

Elective surgery - means that the surgery can


be scheduled in advance. It may be a surgery
you choose to have for a better quality of life,
but not for a life-threatening condition. But in
some cases, it may be for a serious condition
such as cancer.

Examples of elective surgery include –

- removing a mole or wart


- having kidney stones removed
- It may also be done if other forms of
treatment are not working.

Urgent or emergency surgery - This type of


surgery is done because of an urgent medical
LTCS – low transverse cesarian section

LCCS – low classical cesarian section

Principles of surgical asepsis

(1) use only sterile items within a sterile field;

(2) sterile (scrubbed) personnel are gowned


and gloved;

(3) sterile personnel operate within a sterile


field (sterile personnel touch only sterile items
or areas, unsterile personnel touch only
WHO GIVE THE CONSENT TO THE PATIENT? unsterile items or areas)
- Anesthesiologist Principles of Sterile Technique
- Physician (doctor)
- Face to face or back-to-back.
The responsibility of the nurse when the - Turn back to a non-sterile person or
anesthesiologist or physician give the consent when passing.
to the patient is to WITNESS. - Face a sterile area when passing the
- The nurse should witness that the area.
patient agreed to the surgery he/she - Ask a non-sterile person to step aside
will undergo. rather than trying to crowd past him.
- The nurse should witness what the - Step back away from the sterile field
physician and the patient talk about. to sneeze or cough.

NPO – Nothing Per-Orem REASONS WHY PREGNANT WOMEN


UNDERGO CS
(wara dapat an patient kinaon 8 hours bago
an surgery. Kay pag yaon, bangin an patient - Breach
umoro kahuman sa surgery tapos an patient - Prolonged labor
may anesthesia, ngan an organ is in - Abnormal positioning
aspiration) - Fetal distress
- Birth defects
A patient dapat wara nail polish pag mag - Repeat cesarean
undergo surgery kay para pag kubot sa kulo - Chronic health condition
macheck sin maupay an blood flow para - Cord prolapses
maemud kun kilangan salinan dugo or dire. - Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)
POST-OPERATIVE – the patient should deliver ARREST FOR SURVICAL DILATATION
in PACU (post anesthesia care unit) and stay
for 2 hours, monitor for every 15 minutes. and - Nag stop an pag wide sa cervix
the patient will be delivered to RR (recovery LAYERS OF THE ABDOMEN
room) and stay for 4 hours and will monitored
every 30 minutes. - Skin
- Subcutaneous
ET – endotracheal tube - Muscle
NSVD – normal spontaneous vaginal bleeding - Scarpa facia
- peritoneal
I and O – intake and output

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