MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 1

EXERCISE – 2 : PREVIOUS YEAR JEE MAINS QUESTIONS

1. The trajectory of a projectile in a vertical plane is  angle made by direction of motion of mosquito
y  x   x 2 where a and pare constants and x & y will be.
are respectively the horizontal and vertical distances 2 117
of the projectile from the point of projection. The
cos 1  from x  axis   tan 1
11 2
angle of projection 9 and the maximum height
6 85
attained H are respectively given by cos1  from y  axis   tan 1
11 6
[JEE Main 2021]
9 40
4 2  from z  axis   tan 1
2
(a) tan 1 , (b) tan 1 , cos1
 4 11 9
None of the option is matching.
  2
2
(c) tan 1   , (d) tan 1 , Hence this question should be bonus.
  2
3. A swimmer can swim with velocity of 12 km/h in still
Ans. (b) water. Water flowing in a river has velocity 6 km/h.
Sol. y  x   x 2 The direction with respect to the direction of flow of
Comparing with trajectory equation river water he should swim in order to reach the point
on the other bank just opposite to his starting point is.
1 gx 2 (Round off to the Nearest Integer) (Find the angle in
y  x tan  
2 u 2 cos2  degrees) [JEE Main 2021]
tan       tan 1  Ans. (120.00)
1 g Sol. 12 sin   v r

2 u cos 2 
2

g
u2 
2 cos 2 
Maximum height: H
u 2 sin 2  g sin 2 
H 
2g 2 cos 2  2g 1
sin  
tan  
2 2 2
H 
4 4   30
2. A mosquito is moving with a velocity   120
 4. A projectile is projected with velocity of 25 m/s at an
v  0.5t 2 ˆi  3tjˆ  9kˆ m / s and accelerating in uniform
angle  with the horizontal. After t seconds its
conditions. What will be the direction of mosquito
inclination with horizontal becomes zero. If R
after 2s? [JEE Main 2021]
represents horizontal range of the projectile, the value
2 5 of  will be [ use g = 10 m/s2] (JEE Main 2022)
(a) tan 1   from y-axis (b) tan 1   from x-axis
3 2 1 1  5t 2  1 1  4 R 
(a) sin   (b) sin  2 
2 5 2  4R  2  5t 
(c) tan 1   from x-axis (d) tan 1   from y-axis
3
  2
 4t 2   R 
Ans. (a) (c) tan 1   (d) cot 1  2 

  5R   2 gt 
Sol. Given: v  0.5t 2 ˆi  3tjˆ  9kˆ Ans. (d)
 Sol.
v at t  2  2iˆ  6jˆ  9kˆ
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 105

usin drops hit her head vertically. The speed of rain drops
t
g with respect to the moving girl is: (JEE Main 2022)
R  ucos  2t  (a) 30 kmh–1 (b)
25
kmh–1
t tan 2

R g  2t  (c)
30
kmh–1 (d) 25 kmh–1
2
2 gt 2
 2 gt  2
tan  ;  tan 1   Ans. (c)
R  R 
5. Given below are two statements. One is labeled as
Assertion A and the other is labeled as Reason R.
Assertion A: Two identical balls A and B threw with
same velocity u at two different angles with horizontal
attained the same range R. If A and B reached the
maximum height h1 and h2 respectively, then
R  4 h1h2 .
Sol.
Reason R: Product of said heights.
(JEE Main 2022)
 u 2 sin 2    u 2 cos2  
h1h2    .  
 2g   2g 
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct
explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true. Vrm  Vrg cos 45
Ans. (a)
Vmg  Vrg sin 45  15 2
u 2 sin2 u 2 sin2  90   
R1   R2 
g g Vrg  30 km / hr
u 2 sin 2 u 2 cos 2
h1   h2  30
Sol. 2g 2g  Vrm  km / hr
2
u 4 sin 2 cos 2
h1h2  8. Motion of particle in x-y plane is described by a set of
22 g 2
 
Hence R  4 h1h2 following equations x  4 sin    t  m and
2 
6. A projectile is launched at an angle ‘  ’ with the y  4sin  t  m. The path of the particle will be:
horizontal with a velocity 20 ms–1. After 10s, its
(JEE Main 2022)
inclination with horizontal is ‘  ’. The value of tan 
(a) Circular (b) Helical
will be: (g = 10 ms–2) (JEE Main 2022) (c) Parabolic (d) Elliptical
(a) tan   5sec  (b) tan   5sec  Ans. (a)
(c) 2 tan   5sec  (d) 2 tan   5sec 
 
Ans. (b) x  4sin   t 
2 
20sin   100
Sol. tan   v y / vx   tan   5sec  Sol.  4cos   t 
20cos 
y  4sin  t 
7. A girl standing on road holds her umbrella at 45° with
the vertical to keep the rain away. If she starts running  x 2  y 2  42
without umbrella with a speed of 15 2 kmh–1, the rain
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 106

9. A person can throw a ball upto a maximum range of

100m. How high above the ground he can throw the

(c) 100iˆ  100  200 2 ˆj 
same ball? (JEE Main 2022) 
(d) 100 2iˆ  100 2  200 ˆj 
(a) 25 m (b) 50 m
Ans. (d)
(c) 100 m (d) 200 m
Ans. (b)
10 x 2 10 100 
y  x  10  20 
 1  u2
u2 2u 2  
Rmax   100m 2
g
Sol. u  20
u2
H max   50m  2  20 
2g Sol. T  2 2
2 10 
10. Two projectile thrown at 30° and 45° with the

horizontal respectively, reach the maximum height in 
v  10 2iˆ  10 2  10  2  ˆj
same time. The ratio of their initial velocities is  
(JEE Main 2022) 
Momentum p  Mv  100 2iˆ  100 2  200 ˆj 
(a) 1: 2 (b) 2 :1 13. At time t = 0 a particle starts travelling from a height
(c) 2 :1 (d) 1: 2 7zˆ cm in a plane keeping z coordinate constant. At
Ans. (c) any instant of time it’s position along the x and y
Sol. Time taken to reach maximum height directions are defined as 3t and 5t3 respectively. At t =
usin 1s acceleration of the particle will be
t (JEE Main 2022)
g
u1sin1 u2 sin 2 (a) –30y (b) 30y
  (c) 3x + 15y (d) 3x + 15y + 7̂z
g g
 u1sin30  u2sin45 Ans. (b)

r 3tiˆ5t 3 ˆj 7 k
u1 1/ 2 2 
   d 2r
u2 1/ 2 1 Sol. 2
 30tjˆ
11. Two projectiles are thrown with same initial velocity dt

making an angle of 45° and 30° with the horizontal d 2r
At t  1  2  30 ˆj
respectively. The ratio of their respective ranges will dt
be (JEE Main 2022) 14. A ball is projected with kinetic energy E, at an angle of
(a) 1: 2 (b) 1 : 2 60° to the horizontal. The kinetic energy of this ball at
the highest point of its flight will become:
(c) 2 : 3 (d) 3:2
(JEE Main 2022)
Ans. (c)
E
Sol. Let projection speed is u (a) Zero (b)
2
u 2 Sin  90  u 2 sin  60 
R1  ; R2  E
g g (c) (d) E
4
R1 2 Ans. (c)

R2 3
12. A body of mass 10 kg is projected at an angle of 45°
with the horizontal. The trajectory of the body is
observed to pass through a point (20, 10). If T is the Sol.
time of flight, then its momentum vector, at time
1
T E mu 2
t , is (JEE Main 2022) 2
2

(a) 10iˆ  100 2  200 ˆj  At Highest point, Velocity V  ucos60 
u
2

(b) 100 2iˆ  100  200 2 ˆj 
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 107

1 u
2
E  u ˆ u ˆ
 K.E at topmost point  m   Sol. Assume initial speed is u then u  i j at
2 2 4 2 2
15. A person moved from A to B on a circular path as  u ˆ u 
2sec v  i  g  2  ˆj
shown in figure. If the distance travelled by him is 60 2  2 
m, then the magnitude of displacement would be : 2 2
(Given cos135  0.7 ) (JEE Main 2022)  u   u 
Given  v  20      2g 
 2  2 
u2 u2 40u 2 40
400    400  ;u  u  0;
2 2 2 2
or
 40 
uu    0  u  0
 2
40
u m/s
(a) 42 m (b) 47 m 2
(c) 19 m (d) 40 m Maximum height
Ans. (b) 2
 40 1 
d  R u 2  sin 2   2 2  (20) 2
 3      20 m
60  R   2g 2g 20
 4  18. A fighter jet is flying horizontally at a certain altitude
60  4 80 with a speed of 200 ms–1. When it passes directly
R  m
3  overhead an anti-aircraft gun, a bullet is fired from the
Sol.
Displacement  R 2  R 2  2 R 2 cos135 gun, at an angle 0 with the horizontal, to hit the jet. If
the bullet speed is 400 m/s, the value of  will be ___°.
 2 R 2  2 R 2   0.7 
(JEE Main 2022)
2
 80  Ans. (60.00)
 3.4 R 2  3.4    47 m
 
16. A ball is projected from the ground with a speed 15
ms–1 at an angle  with horizontal so that its range and
maximum height are equal, then tan  will be equal to Sol.
(JEE Main 2022) To hit 400 cos   200
(a) 1/4 (b) 1/2 {Both travel equal distance along horizontal, of their
(c) 2 (d) 4 start and coordinates an x axis are same}
Ans. (d)    60
19. If the initial velocity in horizontal direction of a
RH
projectile is unit vector iˆ and the equation of
2vx  v y v y2
 trajectory is y = 5x (1 – x). The y component vector of
Sol. g 2g
the initial velocity is ___ ĵ . (Take g = 10 m/s2)
vy usin
vx  ; ucos  (JEE Main 2022)
4 4
Ans. (5.00)
tan  4
17. A body is projected from the ground at an angle of 45° ux  1
with the horizontal. Its velocity after 2s is 20 ms–1. The Y  5  1  x 
maximum height reached by the body during its dy dx dx
 5  10 x
motion is ___ m. (use g = 10 ms–2) dt dt dt
(JEE Main 2022) Sol.
For initial y-component of velocity
Ans. (20.00)
 dy 
u y     5 1  5
 dt  x  0

u y  5 ˆj
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 108

20. A ball of mass m is thrown vertically upward. Another u 2 sin 2

ball of mass 2 m is thrown an angle θ with the vertical. Sol. Range 
g
Both the balls stay in air for the same period of time. Range for projection angle
The ratio of the heights attained by the two balls
u 2 sin 2
1 R1 
respectively is . The value of x is ____. g
x
Range for projection angle
(JEE Main 2022) u 2 sin 2
Ans. (2.00) R2 
g
Sol. Time of flight is same
 vertical component of velocity is same     90 (Given)
 H max is same    90  
21. An object is projected in the air with initial velocity u
u 2 sin 2  90   
at an angle . The projectile motion is such that the R2 
horizontal range R, is maximum. Another object is g
projected in the air with a horizontal range half of the u sin 180  2 
2

range of first object. The initial velocity remains same R2 

g
in both the case. The value of the angle of projection,
u sin 2
2
at which the second object is projected, will be R2 
g
_______degree. (JEE Main 2022)
Ans. (15)  u 2 sin 2 
 
u 2 sin2  45  u2 R
 1  2
g  1
Rmax  
g g R2  u sin 2  1
 
R u 2 u 2 sin2  g 
  24. A stone is projected at angle 30º to the horizontal. The
2 2g g
ratio of kinetic energy of the stone at point of
1
Sol. sin2  projection to its kinetic energy at the highest point of
2
flight will be : (JEE Main 2023)
2  30,150
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 4
  15, 75
  (c) 4 : 1 (d) 4 : 3
22. If two vectors P  iˆ  2mjˆ  mkˆ and Q  4iˆ  2 ˆj  mkˆ Ans. (d)
are perpendicular to each other. Then, the value of m 1
M u 
2

will be: (JEE Main 2023) KEPOP 2 4

Sol.  
1
KEtop M  u cos 30  3
2
(a) 1 (b) -1
(c) -3 (d) 2 2
Ans. (d) 25. A ball of mass 200g rests on a vertical post of height
  20m. A bullet of mass 10g, travelling in horizontal
Sol. P  Q  0
direction, hits the centre of the ball. After collision
iˆ  2mjˆ  mkˆ  4iˆ  2 ˆj  mkˆ   0 both travels independently. The ball hits the ground at
 4  4 m  m2  0 a distance 30m and the bullet at a distance of 120m
from the foot of the post. The value of initial velocity
  m  2  0  m  2
2

of the bullet will be (if g  10 m / s 2 ) :

23. Two objects are projected with same velocity ‘u’
(JEE Main 2023)
however at different angles  and  with the
(a) 120 m/s (b) 60 m/s
horizontal. If     90 , the ratio of horizontal (c) 400 m/s (d) 360 m/s
range of the first object to the 2nd object will be: Ans. (d)
(JEE Main 2023)
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 2 : 1
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 1
Ans. (d)
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 109

Sol.
30 120
v1  ,v2 
2h 2h Sol.
g g v y  2 gh  200
30 g 120 g
 0.01 u   0.2    0.01 vnet  25  200  15m / s
2h 2h 28. A particle is moving with constant speed in a circular
u  300  60  360 ms1 path. When the particle turns by an angle 90°, the ratio
26. The initial speed of a projectile fired from ground is u. of instantaneous velocity to its average velocity is
At the highest point during its motion, the speed of
 : x 2 . The value of x will be - (JEE Main 2023)
3 (a) 5 (b) 7
projectile is u . The time of flight of the projectile
2 (c) 1 (d) 2
is: (JEE Main 2023) Ans. (d)
u u
(a) (b)
2g g
2u 3u
(c) (d)
g g
Ans. (b)
3u 3
Sol. u cos    cos  
2 2
   30 Sol.
Let instantaneous velocity be v. time,
2u sin 30 u R
T  2
g g Arc length 4  R
t 
27. A child stands on the edge of the cliff 10 m above the v v 2v
ground and throws a stone horizontally with an initial Average velocity
1 AB R 2  2v  2 2v
speed of 5ms . Neglecting the air resistance, the  v   
t R 
speed with which the stone hits the ground will be V 
 
1
_____ ms (given, g  10ms 2 ). (JEE Main 2023) V  2 2
29. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as
(a) 20 (b) 15 Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
(c) 30 (d) 25 Assertion A: When a body is projected at an angle 45°,
Ans. (b) it's range is maximum. (JEE Main 2023)
Reason R: For maximum range, the value of sin 2θ
should be equal to one.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct
answer from the options given below:
(a) Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct
explanation of A
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 110

(b) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct (JEE Main 2023)
explanation of A (a) 2 : 3 (b) 4: 9
(c) A is true but R is false
(c) 3 :2 (d) 1 : 1
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
Ans. (b)
u12 sin 21 u 2 sin 2 2
u2 Sol. R1  ; R2 2
Sol. R  sin 2 g g
g
R1 u12 sin 21 40 sin  2  30  4
2 
R is maximum for 2  90 .
  
30. As shown in the figure, a particle is moving with R2 u22 sin 2 2 602 sin  2  60  9
constant speed π m/s. Considering its motion from A 33. For particle P revolving round the centre O with radius
to B, the magnitude of the average velocity is: of circular path r and angular velocity ω, as shown in
below figure, the projection of OP on the x-axis at
time t is (JEE Main 2023)

(a) 2 3 m / s (b)  m / s

(c) 3 m/ s (d) 1.5 3 m / s

 
Ans. (d) (a) x  t   r sin  t  
   6
 rf  ri
Sol. v   
t (b) x  t   r cos  t  
 6
   
2 R cos    
  2   3cos 30 (c) x  t   r cos   t   
2 R  6 
3v (d) x  t   r cos t 
1.5 3 m / s Ans. (b)
31. At any instant the velocity of a particle of mass 500 g
 
is 2tiˆ  3t 2 ˆj ms 1 . If the force acting on the particle

 
at t = 1s is iˆ  xjˆ N . Then the value of x will be:
(JEE Main 2023)
(a) 6 (b) 2
(c) 4 (d) 3
Ans. (d)

Sol. v  2t iˆ  3t 2 ˆj
 Sol.
a  2iˆ  6tjˆ x  t   r cos  t  30 

at t  1, a  2iˆ  6 ˆj
 x  t   r cos t   / 6 

 
F  ma  0.5 2iˆ  6 ˆj  iˆ  3 ˆj 34. The trajectory of projectile, projected from the ground

F  iˆ  xjˆ is given by y  x 
x2
. Where x and y are measured
Hence x = 3 20
32. Two projectiles A and B are thrown with initial in meter. The maximum height attained by the
velocities of 40 m/s and 60 m/s at angles 30° and 60° projectile will be. (JEE Main 2023)
with the horizontal respectively. The ratio of their (a) 10 m (b) 200 m
ranges respectively is (g = 10 m/s2)
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 111

(c) 5 m (d) 10 2m 38. Vectros aiˆ  bjˆ  kˆ and 2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ are perpendicular
Ans. (c) to each other when 3a  2b  7 , the ratio of a to b is
x2 x
Sol. y  x  . The value of x is _____ (JEE Main 2023)
20 2
For maximum height, Ans. (1.00)
dy 2x Sol. For two perpendicular vectors
 0  1 0
dx
x = 10
20
  
aiˆ  bjˆ  kˆ . 2iˆ  3 ˆj  4kˆ  0

100 2a  3b  4  0
So, ymax  10   5m On solving, 2a – 3b = –4
20
35. The range of the projectile projected at an angle of 15° Also given 3a  2b  7
We get a = 1, b = 2
with horizontal is 50 m. If the projectile is projected
a x 2a 2  1
with same velocity at an angle of 45° with horizontal,  x   x 1
b 2 b 2
then its range will be (JEE Main 2023)  
39. If P  3iˆ  3 ˆj  2kˆ and Q  4iˆ  3 ˆj  2.5kˆ then,
(a) 100 m (b) 50 2m
  1
(c) 100 2m (d) 50 m the unit vector in the direction of P  Q is
Ans. (a) x

Sol. R 
v 2 sin 2  
3iˆ  ˆj  2 3kˆ . The value of x is
g (JEE Main 2023)
R  sin  2  Ans. (4.00)
R1 sin  21  sin  2 15 sin 30 iˆ ˆj kˆ
     iˆ ˆj
R2 sin  2 2  sin  2  45  sin 90 Sol. P  Q  3 3 2  3   3kˆ
2 2
50 1 4 3 2.5

R2 2  
PQ 1  iˆ ˆj 
R2  100m      3   3kˆ 
PQ 2  2 2 
36. Two projectiles are projected at 30° and 60° with the
horizontal with the same speed. The ratio of the
maximum height attained by the two projectiles

1
4

3iˆ  ˆj  2 3kˆ 
respectively is: (JEE Main 2023) x4
(a) 3 :1 (b) 2 : 3 40. The speed of a swimmer is 4kmh 1 in still water. If the
swimmer makes his strokes normal to the flow of river
(c) 1: 3 (d) 1: 3
of width 1km , he reaches a point 750m down the
Ans. (c)
stream on the opposite bank. The speed of the river
u 2 sin 2 
Sol. H max  water is kmh1 . (JEE Main 2023)
2g
Ans. (3.00)
H1 sin 2 1 1 Sol.
 
H 2 sin 2  2 3
37. A projectile is projected at 30° from horizontal with
initial velocity 40 ms–1. The velocity of the projectile
at t = 2s from the start will be: (Given g = 10 m/s2)
(JEE Main 2023)
(a) 20ms 1 (b) 20 3ms 1
(c) Zero (d) 40 3ms 1
Ans. (b)
Sol. At t = 2 particle is at maximum height moving with 1km
time to cross the River width   1000 m is 
velocity V  40 cos 30  20 3ms 1 . 4km / h
Drift x  Vm / g  t
MOTION IN A PLANE AND RELATIVE MOTION 112

Where Vm / g is velocity of River w.r.t. to ground.

1 3
x  Vm / g   750m  km
4 4
Vm / g  3km / hr
41. Two bodies are projected from ground with same
speeds 40 ms–1 at two different angles with respect to
horizontal. The bodies were found to have same range.
If one of the body was projected at an angle of 60°,
with horizontal then sum of the maximum heights,
attained by the two projectiles, is _____ m. (Given
g  10ms 2 ) (JEE Main 2023)
Ans. (80.00)
Sol. Since range is same.
 1   2  90
  2  30
U 2 sin 21 U 2 sin 2 2
  H max 1   H max 2  
2g 2g
402  1 3 
     80m
20  4 4 
42. A projectile fired at 30° to the ground is observed to
beat same height at time 3s and 5s after projection,
during its flight. The speed of projection of the
projectile is ______ ms–1.
(Given g = 10 ms–2) (JEE Main 2023)
Ans. (80.00)
Sol. Time of flight t1  t2  3  5  8sec

2u sin 30
T
g
2u sin  30 
8
10
u  80m / s