CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

PROJECT CONTEXT

Technology has rapidly enhanced our usual daily work and tasks. It has

changed most of our chores, duties and tasks in one click or just a single a

command. This is intended for the benefit of all and is continually improving.

Innovate technology such as Ordering and Inventory Management System made

improvement on business and transaction processing.

Ordering and Inventory Management System provides visibility for both

the business and the buyer. Organizations can gain near-real-time information

into stocks, and customers can see when their orders will arrive while inventory

management is a vital building piece that enables brands and merchants to

establish consumer loyalty by providing simplified, rapid, and effective order

fulfillment. The Ordering and Inventory Management System is well-organized,

and the entire supply chain is on schedule to get the right things to the right

people at the right time. This makes it easy to maintain accurate inventory

records across the supply chain. According to the internet, 43% of small firms still

manually track their inventories. The same study discovered that businesses

utilizing an inventory system had 95% inventory accuracy.

Investing in an order management system (OMS) allows you to sync information

across sales channels, ensuring inventory levels remain accurate at all times.

Furthermore, you can lower the capital cost of carrying excess inventory while

providing exceptional client experience.

1
PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION

The researchers aim to develop an ordering and inventory management

system for E Bites mini donuts. The developing project will replace the manual

methods of transactions with computerized system as their mode of operations.

The goal of the researcher’s project is to develop a computerized system that will

assist the owner of the business in managing their daily operations.

The system will provide a digitalized ordering for the customers

transactions and inventory management for monitoring of the products. By

developing this computerized system, the owner will be able to track their

products and sales and the system will be able to record the transactions of each

customer.

The system will be used for the daily transactions of E Bites mini donuts

such as generating sales and stock reports. This system aims to assists the

transactions management as well as the inventory management of the business.

2
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main objective of this study is to develop a computerized ordering and

inventory management system for E-Bites that will benefit the business owner to

manage its daily transactions.

This study is specifically aims to achieve the following:

1. To create a computerized system with the following features:

a. Transaction form

b. Tracking products stocks and payments of customers.

c. Sales and report generation feature

d. User management

e. Products management

2. To conceptualize an interactive system by using Unified Modelling

Language.

3. To create a system using VB.NET and MySQL database.

4. To test the website using Alpha and Beta Testing Method.

3
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study is significant to the following persons foremost of which are as

follows.

Owner - manages the adding of stocks, updating the inventory, and determining

the users of the system.

Cashier - It is easy for the cashier to process any transactions to the customers

where in everything is provided by the system.

Researchers. Through this study, the researchers realized what they can

contribute to identify and sustain the needs of the client and developed their

writing, analysis, and interpretation skills.

Future Researchers. This study will be beneficial to other researchers who wish

to have similar studies as they can get background information from the result of

this study which will serve as template to transform their research.

4
 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The project will be conducted on E-Bites located in San Pedro Laguna.

The system will be composed of 3 users, The Administrator, Owner and Cashier.

The administrator will manage all the functions of the system and will assists the

end users. The Owner will be responsible for handling the monitoring of

inventories, product management and reports generations, while the cashier will

be responsible for recording the transactions of each customer. This is

programmed using Visual Studio 2019 (VB. NET Language) as the Front end and

MySQL as the Backend. It composed of different forms exclusively for its specific

functions and purposes.

The limitation of this system is including a false sense of reliability, and

dependence of human entry and not an online system. The system is intended

only for E-Bites and specifically designed and programmed for its business only.

It couldn’t be used by the other businesses since its customized for their own

benefit only.

5
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND SYSTEMS

RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature

According to Dahiru, Inventory Management System for Walid Halal

Spices. The implementation of inventory management system will give great

advantage to the business due to the fact that there are still businesses that still

uses manual method of recording and updating data of their products. Walid

Halal Spices is able to save a bit on expenses because the owner doesn't need

to buy paper and ink because the business won't be using the manual method

which is recording data on a paper. Also, having an inventory management

system the managing and organizing of data will be faster compared to the

manual method.[1]

According to Hold article, “Inventory refers to stocks of anything necessary

to do business”. The U.S Small Business Administration publication describes

what constitutes successful inventory management balancing cost versus

benefits of inventory, including: Maintaining a wide assortment without sacrificing

service; Keeping stock low without sacrificing performance; Obtaining lower

prices by making volume purchases; and Maintaining an adequate inventory

without an excess of obsolute items. [2]

6
 Based on Brigman, Fundamentals of Financial Management, 5th ed.,

companies are increasingly employing Inventory System. A computer start with

an inventory counts in memory. Withdrawals are recorded by the computer as

they are made, and the inventory balance is the constantly revised. When the

recorded point is reached, the computer automatically places an order, when this

new order is received, the recorded balance is increased.

Retail stores have carried this system quite far, each item has a magnetic codes,

and as on item is checked out, it passes over an electronic reader, which then

adjusts the computers inventory balance, at the same time the price is fed to

cash register tape. When the balance drops to the recorder point, an order is

place. The proponent aim to develop an automated inventory system which is

technically, operationally, and economically. [3]

On an article written by White, merchandising means selling of products to

retail customers. Merchandisers, also called retailers, buy products from

wholesalers and manufacturers, add a mark-up or gross profit amount, and sell

the products to consumers at a higher price than what they paid. When you go to

the mall, all the stores there are retailers, and you are a retail customer. Retailers

deal with an inventory, all the goods (products) they have for sale. They account

for inventory purchases and sales in one of two ways: Periodic and Perpetual.

As the names suggest these methods refer to how often the inventory account

balances are updated. [4]

7
 Based on Henderson, Inventory System Consist: An inventory control

system is used in many warehouse to track the location, quantity and status of

goods that are to be sold. Shipping and receiving of products is scheduled by

and inventory control system. Inventory control uses barcodes and RFID tags to

track specific items. An audit, or a physical count of inventory, is used to find out

how many items are in an inventory. Inventory taking is often required in order to

get an accurate count for accounting valuation purposes. Some inventory items

have barcodes attached to them or imprinted on them. These barcodes can be

read during an audit by barcode reading devices. [5]

8
LOCAL LITERATURE

According to J.De Leon and M. Ferrer, Under the Koread Red Ginseng

Enterprise Sales and Inventory System, the researchers came up with a

computerized sales and inventory system. The proponents used database to

easy access of files and for easier and faster processing of the selling and

inventory transaction. The program was designated to generate reports such as

monthly reports, inventory reports, sales invoice and list of items. [6]

According to Physical Distribution & Logistic Management, adopting

advanced technologies and data analytics in supply inventory management

promises to revolutionize traditional inventory control practices. The study delves

into the factors influencing businesses’ decisions to embrace information

technology for inventory management. The researchers draw upon the

Technology Acceptance Model to assess how perceived ease of use, usefulness,

and organizational support impact technology adoption. The study's outcomes

suggest that the strategic incorporation of technology in inventory management

processes can significantly enhance accuracy, efficiency, and decision- making

capabilities. This research contributes to the understanding of how technology

adoption can be a catalyst for improving supply inventory management practices

in a globally competitive environment. [7]

9
 According to J.V. Bautista Jr., M. Young Inventory management is one of

the significant processes in supply and distribution management. Inventory stock

is one of the important assets of the companies specifically are those in the

manufacturing line. In any situation that there is a problem related to inventory

like out-of-stock, the company’s business process will be disrupted. The out-of-

stock situation is the condition wherein the company cannot fulfill the demand of

the customer in time. Therefore, the task of effective inventory management is to

make sure that the quantities of inventories are sufficient enough to fulfill the

demand without overstocking. The main objectives of this paper are to create a

re-ordering system template as the main tool that can be used in replenishing the

inventory, achieving the desired inventory level, and the truckload optimization.

The researcher proved that there’s a significant relationship to link all the

components of the re- ordering system such as the re-ordering point (ROP),

desired inventory level, safety stocks, replenishment cycle, anticipated lead time,

and truckload maximization. This research found that the re-ordering system

template can help to achieve the desired inventory level at sales stations. [8]

According to Aggrawal, Sisodia to make the software fast in processing,

there should be good user interface so that user can change it and it should be

used for a long time without error and maintenance. Many supermarkets use this

type of billing system for a decade. It is also improved many times according to

requirements of sellers and customers. It does the same work that is calculating

the bill; gives it to the customer and maintain proper database. They are accurate

10
in calculation and printing, they also generate records. A new concept is also

added in the billing system that also maintains relationships with the customers

who purchase more products from the store regularly. The system also concerns

their requirements and gives them more commission. It also shows the overall

profit, specific profit on a particular product and reports on which items are

required and which have crossed their expiry date.[9]

According to Jorona Aquatic Resources and International Trading Inc. is a

company for marketing aquatic resources internationally and in domestic place

here in the Philippines. The said company encountered difficulties in rendering

quality service, making effective marketing strategies, communication, and

security. During the analysis made by the proponents, they encountered issues

that slow the processes of business and impede possibly, the rapid growth of

income. They found that Integrated Sales and Inventory Management system

solved the current problems of the company. They discussed how much the

system cost, how it will work, what are the benefits that the company would get if

they will apply it and the impacts towards the employees. The project was made

for almost three semesters from second semester AY 2008-2009 to 2009-2010.

[10]

11
RELATED STUDIES

This part sites the brief summary of method, findings and conduction of

the studies dissertation, unpublished thesis and other studies viewed. The study

related thesis topics questions and problem compromise the collected research

as it gives useful and meaningful ideas to the researchers.

FOREIGN STUDIES

Figure 1: Uber Eats

(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uber_Eats)

Uber Eats is an online food ordering and delivery platform launched by the

company Uber in 2014. The meals are delivered by couriers using various

methods, including cars, scooters, bikes, or on foot. It is operational in over 6,000

cities in 45 countries as of 2021. [11]

12
 Figure 2: Ecwid

(https://www.ecwid.com/ecwid-101#:~:text=A%20mobile%2Dfriendly%20website

%20builde)

A mobile-friendly website builder with a built-in Ecwid store. This feature is

available to every Ecwid user out-of-the-box: create an Ecwid account, add

products to your store, and voila! You have a ready-to-go website and store, all in

one! You don’t need any coding or design skills to use Instant Site. [12]

13
 Figure 3: Toast Point of Sale

(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toast,_Inc.)

Toast, Inc. is an American cloud-based restaurant management software

company based in Boston, Massachusetts. The company provides an all-in-one

point of sale system built on the Android operating system. [13]

14
 Figure 4: Olo

(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olo_(online_ordering)

Olo is a New York City-based B2B SaaS company that develops digital

ordering and delivery programs for restaurants. The company’s platform allows

customers to place restaurant orders from multiple origination points – from a

brand’s own website or app, third party marketplaces, social media platforms,

smart speakers, and home assistants. It also provides restaurants with order

analytics and other services. [14]

15
 Figure 5: Square POS

(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_(financial_services)

Square is a financial services platform by Block, Inc. for small and

medium-sized businesses. It enables accepting credit card payments using

smartphones as POS registers and facilitates various business operations. As of

2023, Square reports 4 million merchant clients and an annual payment value of

US$210 billion. [15]

16
LOCAL STUDIES

Figure 6: Hash Micro

(https://www3.technologyevaluation.com/solutions/54501/hashmicro-erp)

The HashMicro ERP is feature-packed software designed to streamline

business processes, enhance customer relationships, and enable accurate

financial management. With its wide array of functionalities, this software

provides insights that help businesses make data-driven decisions. The software

also boasts of robust integration capabilities with other software solutions such

as payroll and HR management software, eCommerce platforms, CRM software,

and more. [16]

17
 Figure 7: Eposnow

(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epos_Now)

Epos now is a SaaS and payments services provider focusing on small

and medium-sized businesses within the retail, hospitality, and personal care

sectors. The company provides electronic point-of-sale systems and integrated

payment and embedded finance services. [17]

18
 Figure 8: Shopify POS

(https://help.shopify.com/en/manual/sell-in-person)

Shopify POS is a point-of-sale app that you can use to sell your products

in person. You can use Shopify POS to sell almost anywhere, including brick-

and-mortar stores, markets, and pop-up shops. [18]

19
 Figure 9: Utak POS

(https://utak.ph/features/)

UTAK’s cloud-based POS system is packed with smart features

compatible with different businesses – from restaurants, cafes, retail stores,

groceries, minimarts, pharmacies, pet-related stores, activity centers, spa and

salon services, laundry shops, car and auto shops, activity centers, and many

more. Made to provide the most affordable and easiest solutions for Filipino

business owners, Utak POS has a fast-growing range of trusted partners

nationwide. [19]

20
 Figure 10: Qashier

(https://qashier.com/ph/qashierpos/)

The Qashier solution can be customized for F&B, Beauty, and Retail

stores. Learn more about how Qashier can work for you by selecting your type of

business. Empower your business with Qashier’s POS & payment solutions right

on your smartphone or tablet. It’s everything you need when you’re starting out.

[20]

21
SYNTHESIS

The Importance of having computerized system in our daily life is for easy,

accurate and efficient report and transactions from the literature and related

system the researchers summarize the importance of the proposed system.

Using databases allows efficient and accurate storage of reports and it can also

generate a set of instruction processing data and deliver information that can be

retrieved in response to instructions on accessing records.

The proposed Ordering and Inventory Management System for E Bites

mini donut will be very useful for the employees of the business. The users can

easily see the daily sales report and inventory of the supplies and transaction of

the products sold.

SUMMARY

The following related literature, studies and system included in this has an

important relationship for developing the proposed system. It gives the

researchers a background knowledge regarding the aspects that have been

studies. It serves as a basis in designing and developing the system. It also

guides the researchers on what to do on the part of the research process. It

provides ideas to the researchers during the whole process of completing the

study. This chapter will help the researchers to decide what are the elements,

design, and features that should be included in the development of the system.

22
 CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE STUDY

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Knowledge Requirements: AGILE Model: Ordering and Inventory

 Ordering Management System
 Requirements
 Inventory For E-Bites Mini Donuts
 Design
 Vb.Net  Development
 My SQL Database  Testing  Functional Suitability
 Deployment  Reliability
Software Requirements  Review  Performance Efficiency
(Developer):  Usability
 Visual Studio 2022  Security
 Compatibility
 Xampp
 Maintainability
 Portability
Hardware Requirements
(Developer):
 PC/Laptop
Intel Core i3 (5th Gen
Processor)
64-bit processor
● SSD 256 GB Evaluation Tool:

ISO/IEC 25010:2011

Figure 11: Conceptual Framework

The figure above shows the Input – process - output of the conceptual

model for the system ordering and inventory for E-bites mini donut that will be

developed by the researchers. It shows the requirements needed, including the

concept, software and hardware. This input will be processed using the iterative

model and expected the output of the system.

23
DEFINITION OF TERMS

Sales - is the act of selling a product service in return for money or other

compensation, signaling completion of the prospective stage it is the beginning of

an engagement between customer and vendors or the extension of that

engagement.

Inventory – or stock refers to the goods and materials that a business holds for

the ultimate purpose for resale.

Monitoring – It is generally, means to be aware of the state of a system.

Database – It is an organized collection of data, the data typically organized to

model aspect of reality in that support processes requiring this information.

Management - Management is a business function that efficiently coordinates

people's efforts to achieve objectives using available resources. It involves

planning, organizing, staffing, leading, directing, controlling, and resourcing

human, financial, technology, and natural resources.

Administrator - The performance or management of business operation.

Process - The method of preparation by a series of steps using ingredients or

cooking appliances.

24
 CHAPTER III

DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter includes the methodology used, diagrams, project design, system

specifications, evaluation procedures, schedule of activities and testing procedures utilized in

this study. This chapter further shows the steps that the researchers made to carry out the

objectives.

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYLE

FIGURE 12: AGILE METHODOLOGY

The Agile methodology is a project management and software development

approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer-centricity. It is the

latest model used by major companies today like Facebook, google, amazon, etc. It

follows the iterative as well as incremental approach that emphasizes the importance of

25
delivering of working product very quickly. This article focuses on discussing Agile

Methodology in detail.

Phase 1: Requirements

The researcher will brainstorm for any possible features and functions that can

be used and gather requirements for developing the proposed concept of the System.

Phase 2: Design

During the design process, the team uses various diagrams such as Data Flow

Diagrams, Activity Diagrams, Class Diagrams, and so on to create the software.

In this phase, the research will describe the process flow of the system using

various diagrams and tools to present a clear flow of different functions and modules.

Phase 3: Development

In the development, requirements are written in the coding language and

transformed into computer programs which are called Software. This is the phase to

start developing functionalities of the system.

The researcher in this phase will start to develop and code functionalities that will

be needed for the system. And it will now be tested and run to verify if the code and

functionalities were working properly and in order.

26
Phase 4: Testing

After testing the digital product at the end of every sprint, the final testing phase

is conducted to ensure the software operates flawlessly. The Agile life cycle

incorporates various types of testing, including:

Unit Testing: At this stage, the QA team separately evaluates each front-end and back-

end component’s performance and functionality.

Integration Testing: This phase merges different product parts to verify their

compatibility.

Acceptance Testing: Upon completing this phase, quality assurance specialists assess

the digital solution’s adherence to end-user requirements.

System Testing: The entire system is evaluated to ensure all components function

properly. The QA team approves the next deployment phase if the tests are successful

The designated team conducts all these procedures to assess the code’s quality and

the product’s ability to fulfill business objectives. After successfully passing all testing

stages, it is time to release the product. By the way, if you’re seeking top-notch quality

assurance services delivered by industry experts, don’t hesitate to contact us!

27
Phase 5: Deployment

In this phase, the primary objective is to deliver a dependable and efficient

product that meets customers’ requirements. It is accomplished by conducting quality

assurance testing to ensure the product is error-free and functions flawlessly upon

release. Once all the final testing and verification are completed, the product is prepared

for launch. To help users become acquainted with the software, development teams

frequently offer training on using it efficiently. When the dedicated team ends all the

activities, they pass to the final phase.

Phase 6: Review

Once an Agile software development project reaches this stage, the focus shifts

from striving for a triumphant launch to sustaining long-term triumph. The product has

been released successfully, and customers frequently provide feedback, request new

features, or interact with recent updates. The development and operations teams and

stakeholders are now tasked with providing continuous support for the application to

ensure it operates effortlessly.

28
REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS

PROPOSED DIAGRAMS

FIGURE 13: CONTEXT DIAGRAM

29
 This figure shows the Context Diagram of the system. This diagram shows how

our System works. The cashier must create an account or admin or manager can also

create an account for the cashier. The Owner can manage the system if the system

needs to be update. The Admin can check or debug the system if the system have a

malfunction.

30
 FIGURE 14: DATA FLOW LEVEL 0 DIAGRAM

This figure shows the Data Flow Diagram Level 0 of the system. This shows

different databases of the system. Cashier’s info is located at the user’s table same as

the Owner. Only the Admin can manage both of the account of these users.

FIGURE 15: USE CASE DIAGRAMS

31
 This Figure shows the Use Case diagrams of Cashier, Owner and Admin. This

diagram shows the modules of the system. The Cashier must create an account first to

use the system or Owner or Admin can create an account for the cashier. The Owner

can manage the system and user and they can also manage inventory, reports,

payments and transaction history.

FIGURE 16: CLASS DIAGRAM OF CASHIER

32
 This diagram is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a

system by showing the system's classes, their attributes, operations and the

relationships among objects. This figure shows the class diagram of the Cashier. The

Cashier can manage all of the transactions of the customers. They can also print receipt

FIGURE 17: CLASS DIAGRAM OF OWNER

33
 This figure shows the class diagram of the Owner. The Owner can manage

inventories and payments. They can also manage the products of the company. Only

Owner and Admin can see the transaction history.

FIGURE 18: CLASS DIAGRAM OF ADMIN

34
 This figure shows the class diagram of the Admin. It Shows how the menu or

sections of the System works. The Admin can add or update user’s information. They

can update the system if it have a malfunction.

35
 FIGURE 19: ACTIVITY DIAGRAMS

This figure shows the activity diagram of Cashier, Owner and Admin. These

diagrams show the process of using the system. They input their username &

password, and the validation runs to validate their details. Same thing in the logout

process, confirmation runs to the user if they want to logout. If they won’t, the process is

back to the homepage.

36
 FIGURE 20: SEQUENCE DIAGRAM OF CASHIER

Sequence Diagrams are time focus and they show the order of the interaction

visually by using the vertical axis of the diagram to represent time what messages are

sent and when. The Cashier will see first the System then they can log in. The System

validate their details to avoid parity of the user’s details. Their details will insert into the

database.

FIGURE 21: SEQUENCE DIAGRAM OF OWNER

37
 This figure shows the Sequence diagram of the Owner. This shows how the

Owner manage the whole system like how to manage inventories, reports, payments

and transaction history.

38
 FIGURE 22: SEQUENCE DIAGRAM OF ADMIN

This figure shows the Sequence diagram of the Admin. The System will notify the

Owner and Admin when it has a new User. If the System has an error, the Admin will

check and fix it.

REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENTATION

Dashboard - when the user login the system, the user will be directed to the menu

page of the system that serves as a dashboard for the user to navigate. It is comprising

39
of buttons for Manage inventory, Manage order, checkout, Receipt, Transaction history,

and Logout.

Manage Inventory - when the user click the button manage inventory. It is process for

controlling the goods or products of a business holds in stock.

Manage Order – when the user click the button manage order. It is process for ordering

transaction of e-bites mini donut.

Checkout – when the user click the button checkout. It is process for don ordering the

customer.

Transaction History – when the user click the transaction history. It is process to a

record of all financial transactions. This can include purchases and any other financial

actions taken.

PROJECT DESIGN

40
 FIGURE 23: DASHBOARD

This figure show the dashboard of ordering and inventory system for E Bites Mini

Donuts.

41
 FIGURE 24: MANAGE PRODUCTS

This figure show the manage products of ordering and inventory system for E Bites Mini

Donuts. In this figure displays the item of the product.

42
 FIGURE 25: ADD PRODUCTS

This figure show the Add Products of Ordering and Inventory System for E Bites Mini

Donuts.

43
 FIGURE 26: TRANSACTIONS

This figure show the Transactions of Ordering and Inventory System for E Bites Mini

Donuts. This figure shows display to add orders to your cart, pay, and view the products.

44
 FIGURE 26: INVENTORY LIST

This figure show the Inventory List of Ordering and Inventory System for E Bites Mini

Donuts. This figure show inventory list and displayed in along with options to add

ingredients, save, print, or cancel.

45
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
The software requirements are the following requirements to develop the Order

and Inventory Management System for E Bites Mini Donuts.

Table 1: Software Requirements for the User

RESPONDE SOFTWARE
DESCRIPTION
REQUIREMENTS
Visual Studio Code will be used for

Visual Studio Code 2019 developing an Order and Inventory System.

Xammp will be used for the Order and

Xammp Inventory System's database.

Operating system where the system is

Window 7 Operating System or Higher compatible while testing the project.

Table 1 shows the list of software and its functions that the researcher will be

using during the project development. The software includes Visual Studio Code 2019,

Xammp, Window 7 Operating System or Higher.

46
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

The hardware requirements are the following requirements for end users to

access the Order and Inventory Management System for E Bites Mini Donuts.

HARDWARE
SPECIFICATION DESCRIPTION
Device that best suits for the Order and Inventory

Computers Management System for E-bites Mini Donut

Table 2: Hardware Requirements for User

Table 2 shows the hardware requirements for the application includes computers which

are the primary device optimal for usage.

47
EVALUATION PROCEDURE
The researchers will be basing the accuracy of evaluation by preparing a

set of questionnaires to assess the current value or qualifications of the development,

As ISO/IEC 25010 suggests that four software metrics are involved, absolute results are

excluded within the evaluation for a consistent judgement. These questionnaires are

presented into two types of respondents (Users and IT Experts). Statistical

computations are then conducted for each category of respondents.

INSTRUMENTS

The researchers will prepare evaluation questionnaires to assess the

acceptability of the program. These questionnaires will be distributed to respondents.

The evaluation instrument will be used based on the characteristics and sub-

characteristics provided by ISO/IEC 25010. In the evaluation form, the respondents

were asked to put a check mark at the software evaluation characteristics in numerical

rating ranging from 5-1 (highest to lowest). Each numerical rating was equivalent to the

following metrics: Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, Poor respectively, to which the

proponents consider “Very Good” as the acceptable rating for the proposed application.

48
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The target respondents for the evaluation of the system were composed

of 40 users and 10 IT experts of the Lyceum of Alabang. The respondents of the study

are college professors due to them being a factor of creating schedules.

The respondents were classified (users and IT experts) through the

stratified sampling method. Stratified sampling is a type of method where the population

is divided into separate groups in which a random sample is picked from each group.

This sampling method will help the researchers in categorizing the respondents

between students and school staff to get results from the evaluation that will be

conducted.

Table 3: Respondents Table

RESPONDENT Number of Respondents

Users 40

IT Expert 10

TOTAL: 50

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

49
 Stratified sampling method was used to classify the respondents who

participated in the evaluation. This sampling method is more advantageous than simple

random sampling – where all respondents are listed in one and only select members to

create the sample – because it can increase and decrease the size of the sample to

attain the given accuracy. Stratified sampling method is a probability method thus, every

sample in every population has an equal chance of being chosen.

To get the average rating from the respondents, the researchers used the

mean method. Mean is the sum of all values divided by the total number of

observations. To get the acceptable rating for the system, the researchers had to get the

average rating given by the students and school staff through the evaluation

questionnaires. Afterwards, all responses that were combined before were divided to

the total number of responses to obtain the average.

Table 4: Likert Scale

Rating Number Equivalent

5 Excellent

4 Very Good

3 Good

2 Fair

1 Poor

Table 4 Shows the Likert scale, from these five numerical ratings: 5 (Excellent), 4

(Very Good), 3 (Good), 2 (Fair), and 1 (Poor). The average of all sores was done using

the weighted arithmetic mean. This numerical rating is based on the ISO/IEC 25010-

2011 evaluation tool.

50
 Table 5: Range Mean Value

Scales Range Mean Value Interpretation

5 4.20 to 5.00 Excellent

4 3.40 to 4.19 Very Good

3 2.60 to 3.39 Good

2 1.80 to 2.59 Fair

1 1.00 to 1.79 Poor

Table 5 shows the Range Mean, the numerical rating used in the software

evaluation with its equivalent interpretation and scale values. The highest scale

values of the statistics are Excellent and the lowest is poor.

TESTING PROCEDURE

51
 The developers timely update the system for any errors causing. To modify the

errors, we are checking the website and blogs or reviews of our customers to know how

they experience the system.

Map of Testing

Requirements
Elicitation

Design

Review and Design Testing

Revisions
Prototyping

Users Evaluation Integration

Testing

Development
Alpha Testing

Software Testing Beta Testing

FIGURE 13: MAP OF TESTING

The developers will do the following testing which are:

a. Design Testing – Design testing will be conducted repeatedly while in the design

and prototyping stage.

b. Integration Testing – Integration testing will be conducted periodically during the

development and coding stage to identify the areas that need improvements or

changes.

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c. Software Testing – Software Testing stage is composed of two testing which

are:

 Alpha Testing–Alpha testing will be conducted by the developers as part of

the last stage, which is software testing stage, it is the simulated actual

operational testing by potential users.

 Beta Testing – Beta testing comes after alpha testing; the software is released

to groups of people so that further testing can be conducted to ensure the

system has few or no faults or bugs.

53
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