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Geography
Geography is an ancient and
honourable field of learning with its roots firmly set in classical antiquity. The word geography comes from two Greek words: geo which means the "earth" and graphe which means "to write" or "to draw." Longmans,1965 The description and explanation of the world's landscapes and a scientific description of inhabited landscapes and their description over the globe. Leonard Clark,1973 The study of spatial relationships, whose subject matter includes physical, biotic and societal elements and focuses on the distribution and relationships of phenomena according to places. Yeung Yue Man,1973
The accurate, orderly and
rational description and interpretation of the variable character of the earth's surface. John W. Frazeir,1982 The science of the Earth and its life, dealing with land, sea and air conditions; the distribution of plant and animal life especially with man and his industries. James Rubenstein,1989
The collection of facts intended to
give a complete picture of a continent, a state or a region. McKnight,1990 The study of the distribution of phenomena, how that distribution come about, and the significance of that distribution to an understanding of the world. De Bilin and Muller,1992 The study of the locations and distributions of phenomena (human as well as physical) on the Earth's surface; the reasons or causes behind these distributions, and predictions on how and why changes will take place. Physical Geography & Human Geography Physical Geography & Human Geography al s ic hy P oceans, continents, mountains, hills, rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, gulfs, bays, estuaries, Land and Water. peninsulas and many other land and water an features. um H Topical Geography is the study of a single phenomenon the earth's surface, it is directed toward an understanding of the spatial arrangement or areal distribution of the phenomenon and its significance to human occupancy of the area. Regional Geography is the investigation and correlation of all significant phenomena they found in any particular area. provides full comprehension of the total character of a given region in comparison with others. Physical Geography is study of whole natural equipment of region in terms of its resource potentialities and human occupancy and use. concentrates on the distribution of physical features such vegetation climate, soll, and Economic Geography
emphasizes the relationships between
men's efforts to earn a living on the earth's surface. Political Geography
is the study of internal and external
relationships of political units (countries, states, countries, etc.) according to their structure and function as occupiers of space. Historical Geography is the study of change in areal differentiation through time. its principal objective is to observe how the characteristics of a region have developed and to study the interplay between cultural and physical aspects. Social Geography
converges with sociology and
anthropology But. whereas these sciences concerned with the people and their communities and organizations, RELATIONSHIP OF GEOGRAPHY WITH OTHER DISCIPLINES Climatology deals with the average or general weather conditions (climate) of broad areas while Meteorology is the science of the atmosphere and the origin or prediction of weather. Pedogeography or soil geography is concerned with the distribution of soils, the characteristics association of soils in the economy and culture of the region, Geographers have contributed much to the development of Pedology or soil science. Phytogeography of plant geography is related to Botany, the science that deals with plants, their life, structure, and growth. The geographer is interested in vegetation plant communities while the botanist is concerned with studies. involving taxonomic units or the study of single species. Zoogeography is concerned with distribution of animals and with their adaptations, or their restrictions by environment. This branch is related to Zoology, the science of the animal life of an area, to Paleontology.