Chapter 11,

Electricity
Class, 10th
STUDY MATERIAL
Q1. Assertion (A): If a graph is plotted between the potential difference and the current
flowing, the graph is a straight line passing through the origin. Reason (R): The current
is directly proportional to the potential difference.

Q 2. Assertion (A): When the length of a wire is doubled, then its resistance also gets
doubled.
.Reason (R): The resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its length.

Q3. Assertion (A): Alloys are commonly used in electrical heating devices like electric
iron and heater.
Reason (R): Resistivity of an alloy is generally higher than that of its constituent metals
but the alloys have low melting points than their constituent metals.

Q4. Assertion (A): At high temperatures, metal wires have a greater chance of short
circuiting.
Reason (R): Both resistance and resistivity of a material vary with temperature. a

Q5. Assertion (A): In a chain of bulbs, 50 bulbs are joined in series. One bulb is
removed now and circuit is completed again. If the remaining 49 bulbs are again
connected in series across the same supply, then light gets decreased in the room.
Reason (R): Net resistance of 49 bulbs will be less than 50 bulbs.

Q6. Assertion (A): The 200 W bulbs glows with more brightness than 100 W bulbs.
Reason (R): A 100 W bulb has more resistance than a 200 W bulb.

Q 7. Assertion (A): Resistance of 50 W bulb is greater than that of 100 W.

Reason (R): Resistance of bulb is inversely proportional to rated power.

Q.8. Assertion (A): The metals and alloys are good conductors of electricity.
Reason (R): Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin and it is not a good conductor of
electricity.

Q.9. Assertion (A): A fuse wire has a high resistance but low melting point.

Reason (R): Fuse wire will melt and break the circuit to safe guard the appliances as H
x R.
Q.10. Assertion (A): The relation V IR is valid even in the case of devices which do not
obey Ohm's law.

V - = R = a constant
Reason (R): T I

Q.11. Assertion (A): Stretching a wire to triple of its length, makes its resistivity three
times. Reason (R) : R = PL A

Q.12. Assertion (A): If a wire is stretched to three times its length, its resistance will
become 9 times. Reason (R): R = PL A

Q.13. Assertion (A): If a wire is stretched such that its area is halved, its resistance
would become 4 times.

Reason (R): The data is insufficient to predict.

Q.14. Assertion (A): Effective resistance in series increases and in parallel, it decreases.

Reason (R): In series combination, effective length increases and R o 1. In parallel

combination, effective area of cross-section increases and 1 A R

Q.15. Assertion (A): Bending a wire does not affect electrical resistance.

Reason (R): Resistance of wire is proportional to resistivity of material.

Q.16. Assertion (A): The connecting wires are made of copper.

Reason (R): The electrical conductivity of copper is high.

Q.17. Assertion (A): Time for which current is passed is significant while calculating
electric energy, whereas it is insignificant while calculating electric power.

Reason (R): Electric energy = Electric Power × Time.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (2) MARK

Q.1. V-1 graph for two conducting wires A and B are as shown. If both wires are of the
same length and same diameter, which of the two is made of a material of high
resistivity? Give reasons to justify your answer.

Q.2. Define the term electrical resistivity of a material.

Q.3. State Ohm's law.

Q.4. Calculate the number of electrons that would flow per second through the
cross-section of a wire when 1 A current flows in it.
Q.5. State the factors on which the heat produced in a current carrying conductor
depends. Give one practical application of this effect.

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Q.5. Elements of electric toasters and electric iron are made of an alloy rather than a
pure metal. Give two reasons to justify the statement.

Q.6. A nichrome wire has a resistance of 10 2. Find the resistance of another nichrome
wire, whose length is three times and area of cross-section four times the first wire.

Q.7. Why do the wires connecting an electric heater to the mains not glow while its
heating element

08. Two lamps, one rated 100W at 220 V and the other 60 W at 220 V are connected in
parallel to an electr supply of 220 V. Draw a circuit diagram to shone thus arrangement
and calculate the current drawn by the two lamps from the mains.

Q9. Explain the term resistance. Give its SI unit of measurement.

Q.10. (a) Nichrome wire of length 'L' and radius 'R' has resistance of 10 2. How would
the resistance of the wire change when:

(1) only length of the wire is doubled?

(i) only diameter of the wire is doubled ? Justify your answer.

(b) Why element of electrical heating devices are

made-up of alloys?

Q.11. Justify the following statements:

(a) Tungsten is used exclusively for filaments of electric lamps.

(b) Series arrangement is not used for domestic circuits.

(c) Copper and aluminium wires are usually employed for electricity transmission.

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Q.12. In the circuit given below, the resistors R₁, R₂ and R₁ have the values 100, 200
and 30 O respectively, which have been connected to a battery of 12 V Calculate:

(a) the current through each resistor, (b) the total circuit resistance, and

(c) the total current in the circuit.

Q.13. Given reason for the following:

(i) Tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of electric lamp.

(ii) Why do we use copper and aluminium wires for transmission of electric current?
mall
Q14. State Joule's law of heating and write its math matical form.

(i) Draw a circuit diagram to show how two resistors are connected in series.

(ii) In a circuit, if the two resistors of 5 ohm and 10 ohm are connected in series, how
does the current passing through the two resistors compare?

Q.15. State the factors.on which the resistance of cylindrical conductor depends. How
will resistance of a conductor change if it is stretched so that its length is doubled?

Q.16. (a) List the factors on conductor in the shape of a wire depends.
(b) Why are metals good conductors of electricity whereas glass is a bad conductor of
electricity? Give reason.
(c) Why are alloys commonly used in electrical heating devices? Give reason.
[CBSE-2017]

Q.17. V-1 graphs for two wires A and B are shown in the figure. If both the wires are
made of the same material and are of equal thickness, which of the two is of more
length? Give justification for your answer.

Q.18. What is meant by "electrical resistance" of a conductor? State how resistance of a

conductor is affected when (i) a low current passes through it for a short duration; (ii) a
heavy current passes through it for about 30 seconds.

Q.19. Find the number of electrons transferred between two points kept at a potential
difference of 20 V if 40 J of work is done.

Q.20. A wire of length L and resistance R is stretched so that the length is doubled and
area of cross-section is halved. How will its:

(a) resistance change? (b) resistivity change?

Q.21. Find the equivalent resistance of the following circuit:

Q.22. Two lamps, one is rated 100 W at 220 V, and the other 60 W at 220 V, are
connected in parallel to a 220 V supply. Find the current drawn from the supply line.
Q19. Derive the relation are equal to R1 plus R2 + R3 when three registers are 1R2R3
are connected in series in an electric circuit

Q23.state the formula correlating the electric current flowing in the conductor and the
voltage is applied across. It.. Also show this relationship by drawing a graph,

Q24.what would be the resistance of a conductor if the current flowing through it is 0.35
A when the potential across it is 1.4 V?
What is the total resistance of register?
Each of the resistance are connected in series parallel?
Calculate the resultant resistance of three resistors, three ohm four and 12 ohm
connected in parallel.
Q25. Two wires one of copper and other of manganin have equal lens and equal
resistance, which wire is thicker, given that resistivity of copper is lower than that of
manganin.

Q26. (a) Write Joule's law of heating

(b) Two lamps, one rated 100 W; 220 V, and the other 60 W; 220 V are connected in
parallel to electric mains supply. Find the current drawn by two bulbs from the line if the
supply voltage is 220 V.
Q27. How would the reading of voltmeter change if it is connected between B and
C?Justify your answer.

PYQ

Q1. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of 3 cells of 2 V each,

a combination of three resistors of 10 Ω, 20 Ω and 30 Ω connected in parallel, a plug
key and an ammeter, all connected in series. Use this circuit to find the value of the
following:

(a) Current through each resistor)

(b) Total current in the circuit

(c) Total effective resistance of the circuit

OR

Two identical resistors, each of resistance 152, are connected in (i) series, and (ii)
parallel, in turn to a battery of 6 V. Calculate the ratio of the power consumed in the
combination of resistors in each case.

. (a) State Ohm's Law.

(b) Name and define the physical quantity determined by the slope of V - I curve given
in the diagram. Use this graph to find the value of this physical quantity in SI units.

(c) Establish the relationship between 1 kWh and 1 joule.

Q30.There are three resistors of 10 Ω, 20 Ω and 30 o joined in parallel in a circuit. The
potential difference across the electric circuit is 10 V.

Draw a circuit diagram for the above case. Find the total resistance of the combination
of resistors.

Calculate the electric current drawn from the same source.

Q31.The potential difference across the two ends of a circuit component is decreased to
one-third of its initial value, while its resistance remains constant. What change will be
observed in the current flowing through it? Name and state the law which helps us to
answer this question.

Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of four 1.5 V cells, a 5 Ω

resistor, a 10 Ω resistor and a 15 Ω resistor and a plug key, all connected in series. Now
find (I) the electric current passing through the circuit, and (II) potential difference across
the 10 Ω resistor when the plug key is closed.
 OR

(b) (i) When is the potential difference between two points said to be 1 volt?

(ii) A copper wire has a diameter of 0-2 mm and resistivity of 1.6 × 10-8 2 m. What will
be the length of this wire to make its resistance 14 Ω? How much does the resistance
change,if the diameter of wire is doubled.