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Tissues Class 9

These are the notes of Plant Tissues of class 9 Biology

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arbachinabhuyan2010
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37 views

Tissues Class 9

These are the notes of Plant Tissues of class 9 Biology

Uploaded by

arbachinabhuyan2010
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PLANT TISSUES

1. Introduction to Tissues:

 Tissue: A group of cells that have a common origin and work together to perform a
specific function.
 Plant Tissues: Classified into two main types—Meristematic and Permanent tissues.

2. Meristematic Tissue:

 Characteristics:
o Composed of actively dividing cells.
o Cells are small, have a dense cytoplasm, and a prominent nucleus.
o Cells lack vacuoles, and the cell wall is thin.
 Types of Meristematic Tissue:
o Apical Meristem: Found at the tips of roots and shoots, responsible for the
growth in length.
o Intercalary Meristem: Located at the base of leaves or internodes,
responsible for the growth of certain plant parts.
o Lateral Meristem: Present along the sides of stems and roots, responsible for
the growth in thickness (e.g., vascular cambium and cork cambium).

3. Permanent Tissue:

 Characteristics:
o Derived from meristematic tissues that have stopped dividing.
o Cells are differentiated to perform specific functions.
 Types of Permanent Tissue:
o Simple Permanent Tissue: Made up of similar types of cells.
 Parenchyma:
 Cells are living, thin-walled, and have large intercellular
spaces.
 Functions: Storage of food, photosynthesis (in chlorenchyma),
and buoyancy (in aerenchyma).
 Collenchyma:
 Cells are living, elongated, and have irregularly thickened cell
walls.
 Functions: Provides flexibility and mechanical support.
 Sclerenchyma:
 Cells are dead, with thick lignified cell walls.
 Functions: Provides strength and rigidity.
o Complex Permanent Tissue: Made up of different types of cells.
 Xylem:
 Consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma, and xylem
fibers.
 Functions: Conducts water and minerals from roots to other
parts of the plant and provides mechanical support.
 Phloem:
 Consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibers, and
phloem parenchyma.
 Functions: Transports food from leaves to other parts of the
plant.

4. Protective Tissue:

 Epidermis:
o Outermost layer of cells, usually one cell thick.
o Covered with a waxy layer called cuticle to prevent water loss.
o In roots, it helps in the absorption of water.
 Cork:
o Outer protective layer in older stems and roots.
o Cells are dead and impermeable to water and gases due to the presence of
suberin.

5. Summary:

 Meristematic Tissues are responsible for the growth of the plant.


 Permanent Tissues are specialized for different functions like support, transport, and
protection.
 Protective Tissues like epidermis and cork protect the plant from environmental
factors.

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