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UNIT-I Lecture 7 Problems On Probability

probability problems

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8 views

UNIT-I Lecture 7 Problems On Probability

probability problems

Uploaded by

smaikoti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of ECE 1

(School of Technology )
MATH2361: Probability and Statistics
( No. of hrs/week: 3 Credits: 3)
@Semester –III

UNIT-I Problems on Probability

Dr Malikarjuna Reddy Doodipala


MSc, M.Phil, PGDCA, Ph D,
Department of Mathematics
GITAM Hyderabad
1. If you roll a dice. Find the following
Probabilities

1. P(face one Appears)


2. P(face two Appears) Sol:
3. P(face three Appears) Sample space S={1,2,3,4,5,6}
4. P(face four Appears)
1.p(1)=1/6
5. P(face five Appears)
7.p(even)=P(2,4,6)=3/6=1/2
6. P(face six Appears)
similarly
7. P( Even face Appears)
8. P(odd face Appears) we can find Ans. to all the
9. P(prime face Appears). remaining Q’s.
10.p( It is divisible by two)
2. If you roll two dice roll simultaneously. Find the
following Probabilities

1.P( The sum on two dice is 8) 2. P(The sum on two dice is


11)
2.P(The sum on two dice is either 8 or 11)
3. P(The sum on two dice is neither 8 nor 11)
Sol: Sample space
S={(1,1),(1,2),(1,3)(1,4),(1,5),(1,6}…(6,6)} , n=36
1.p(sum=8)=p{(2,6),(3,5),(4,4),(5,3),(6,2)}=5/36
2.p(sum=11)= p{(5,6),(6,5)}=2/36
3.p(sum=8 or 11)=p(8 U 11)=p(8)+p(11)=5/36+2/36=7/36
4.p(sum is not 8,11)=1- p(sum=8 or 11)=1-7/36=29/36
3.A speaks truth in 75% cases and B speaks in 80%
cases in what % of cases are they contradicts each
other in stating the same fact.

Sol: Given that


P(A)=75/100, P( Ac)=25/100
P(B)=80/100, P(Bc )=20/100
We need to find P(A & B contradict each other)
= P(A&Bc )+P(Ac&B)
= P(A) P( Bc)+ P(Ac ) P(B)
=75/100x20/100+25/100x80/100 =35/100=35%
4.A bag contain 6 white,4 red and 9 black balls. three balls
are drawn at random. Find the probability that 1.Two of the
balls are white 2.one is of each color 3.None is red 4. one
black & two red.5. one must be black.

Given that total no of balls=6WB+4RB+9BB=19


i.e n(S)=n= C(19,3)
A permutation is an act of
arranging the items or
1.P(Two balls are white) numbers in order.
2.P(one is of each color P(n,r)

3. P(none is red) Combinations are the way of


selecting items or numbers
4.P(one is black & 2 red) from a group of items or
collection, in such a way that
5. P(one must be black) the order of the items does
not matter
C(n,r)
Tutorial Problems for Practice

Three coins are tossed simultaneously Find the probability that


(i) no head
(ii) one head
(iii) two heads
(iv) at least two heads.
(v) at most two heads appear.
Tutorial Problems for Practice

2. When two dice are thrown, find the probability of getting


doublets (Same number on both dice).
Tutorial Problems for Practice

3. A card is drawn at random from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards.


What is the probability that it is (i) an ace (ii) a diamond card.
Tutorial Problems for Practice

4. A ball is drawn at random from a box containing 5 green, 6red,


and 4 yellow balls. Determine the probability that the ball drawn is
(i) green (ii) Red (iii) yellow (iv) Green or Red (v) not yellow.
Tutorial Problems for Practice

5.Two dice are thrown, what is the probability of getting the sum being 8 or the sum
being 10? 6. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability that the sum
being 6 or same number on both dice.
Tutorial Problems for Practice

7. Two persons A and B appeared for an interview for a job. The probability of
selection of A is 1/3 and that of B is 1/2. Find the probability that (i) both of them will
be selected (ii) only one of them will be selected (iii) none of them will be selected.
Tutorial Problems for Practice

8. There are three T.V programmes A , B and C which can be received in a city of
2000 families. The following information is available on the basis of survey. 1200
families listen to Programme A 1100 families listen to Programme B 800 families listen to
Programme C 765 families listen to Programme A and B 450 families listen to
Programme A and C 400 families listen to Programme B and C 100 families listen to
Programme A, B and C Find the probability that a family selected at random listens
at least one or more T.V programmes.
Tutorial Problems for Practice
9. A stockist has 20 items in a lot. Out of which 12 are non defective
and 8 are defective. A customer selects 3 items from the lot. What
is the probability that out of these three items (i) three items are
non-defective (ii) two are non defective and one is defective.
Tutorial Problems for Practice
10. A test paper containing 10 problems is given to three students
A, B, C. It is considered that student A can solve 60% problems,
student B can solve 40% problems and student C can solve 30%
problems. Find the probability that the problem chosen from the
test paper will be solved by all the three students.
Tutorial Problems for Practice

11. A box containing 5 green balls and 3 red color balls. Find the
probability of selecting 3 green color balls one by one (i) without
replacement (ii) with replacement.
12. A box contains 5 red and 4 white marbles. Two marbles are drawn
successively from the box without replacement and it is noted that the
second one is white. What is the probability that the first is also white?
13. If P(A&B) = 0.3, P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.7 Find the value of P(B/A) and P(A/B)
14. If two events A and B are not mutually exclusive and are not
connected with one random experiment P(A)= 1/4, P(B) = and P(AUB) =
1/2 then find the value of P(B/A)
Tutorial Problems for Practice

16. For two events A and B, P(A) =1/3 = P( B ), P(B/A) =1/4 find
P(A/B)
17. If P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.2 and P(C) = 0.1 and A,B,C are
independent events, find the probability of occurrence of at
least one of the three events A , B and C
18. If the letters in a word REGULATIONS are arranged at random.
What is the chance that there will be exactly four letters in
between U and I.
Tutorial Problems for Practice
19. The odds that A speaks the truth are 3:2 and the odds that B
speaks the truth 5:3. In what percentage of cases are they likely to
contradict each other on an identical point?
20. In a certain town, males and females form 50 percent of the
population. It is known that 20 percent of the males and 5 percent of
the females are unemployed. A research student studying the
employment situation selects unemployed persons at random. What
is the probability that the person selected is (i) a male (ii) a female?
Bayes Rule
Tutorial Problems for Practice
1.In a bolt factory machines M1, M2, M3 manufacture respectively
25%, 35% and 40% of the total output. Of these 5, 4, and 2 percent
are defective bolts. A bolt is drawn at random from the product and
is found to be defective.
What is the probability that it was manufactured by machine A2?.
Also find the What is the probability that it was manufactured by
machine M1, M3
Tutorial Problems for Practice

2. Machines A and B produce 10% and 90% respectively of the


production of a component intended for the motor industry. From
experience, it is known that the probability that Machine A
produces a defective component is 0.01 while the probability that
machine B Produces a defective component is 0.05. If a
component is selected at random from a day’s production andis
found to be defective. Find the probability that it was made by (a)
machine A; (b) machine B.
Tutorial Problems for Practice
3. The chance that doctor A will diagnose a disease X correctly is 60%. The
chance that a patient will die by his treatment after correct diagnosis is 40%
and the chance of death by wrong diagnosis is 70%. A patient of the
doctor A, who had disease X died. The chance that his disease was
diagnosed correctly.
Sol: Let us define the following events:
E1 : Disease X is diagnosed correctly by doctor A.
E2 : A patient (of doctor A) who has disease X dies. Then we are given P(E1)=0.6 and
P(E1 bar)=0.4 and
P(E2/E1)=0.4 and also P(E2/E1Bar)= 0.7
We require to know P(E1/E2)= P(E1and E2)/P(E2) =6/13
Where P(E2)=P(E1 & E2)+P(E1bar&E2)=
Tutorial Problems for Practice
The contents of urns I, II and III are as follows:

I : 1 white, 2 black and 3 red balls,


II : 2 white, 1 black and 1 red balls, and
III : 4 white, 5 black and 3 red .balls.

One urn is chosen at random and two balls drawn. They happen Jo
be white and red. What is the probability .that they come from urns
I, II or 11/ ?
Any Questions? Suggestions?
22

Thank you
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