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Whats Is DOM

JS

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16 views

Whats Is DOM

JS

Uploaded by

rajeshkgupta029
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is DOM?

The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming


interface for HTML(Hypertext Markup
Language) and XML(Extensible markup language) documents. It defines
the logical structure of documents and the way a document is accessed
and manipulated.

Note: It is called a Logical structure because DOM doesn’t specify any


relationship between objects.

DOM is a way to represent the webpage in a structured hierarchical way


so that it will become easier for programmers and users to glide through
the document. With DOM, we can easily access and manipulate tags, IDs,
classes, Attributes, or Elements of HTML using commands or methods
provided by the Document object. Using DOM, the JavaScript gets access
to HTML as well as CSS of the web page and can also add behavior to the
HTML elements. so basically Document Object Model is an API that
represents and interacts with HTML or XML documents.

Why DOM is required?

HTML is used to structure the web pages and JavaScript is used to


add behavior to our web pages. When an HTML file is loaded into the
browser, the JavaScript can not understand the HTML document directly.
So, a corresponding document is created(DOM). DOM is basically the
representation of the same HTML document but in a different
format with the use of objects. JavaScript interprets DOM easily i.e.
JavaScript can not understand the tags(<h1>H</h1>) in HTML document
but can understand object h1 in DOM. Now, JavaScript can access each of
the objects (h1, p, etc) by using different functions.

Structure of DOM: DOM can be thought of as a Tree or Forest(more than


one tree). The term structure model is sometimes used to describe the
tree-like representation of a document. Each branch of the tree ends in a
node, and each node contains objects Event listeners can be added to
nodes and triggered on an occurrence of a given event. One important
property of DOM structure models is structural isomorphism: if any two
DOM implementations are used to create a representation of the same
document, they will create the same structure model, with precisely the
same objects and relationships.
Why called an Object Model?
Documents are modeled using objects, and the model includes not only
the structure of a document but also the behavior of a document and the
objects of which it is composed like tag elements with attributes in HTML.

Properties of DOM: Let’s see the properties of the document object that
can be accessed and modified by the document object.

Properties of DOM

 Window Object: Window Object is object of the browser which is


always at top of the hierarchy. It is like an API that is used to set
and access all the properties and methods of the browser. It is
automatically created by the browser.
 Document object: When an HTML document is loaded into a
window, it becomes a document object. The ‘document’ object has
various properties that refer to other objects which allow access to
and modification of the content of the web page. If there is a need
to access any element in an HTML page, we always start with
accessing the ‘document’ object. Document object is property of
window object.
 Form Object: It is represented by form tags.
 Link Object: It is represented by link tags.
 Anchor Object: It is represented by a href tags.
 Form Control Elements:: Form can have many control elements
such as text fields, buttons, radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.
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