Logical Thinking

1. John has two sons and three daughters. John’s youngest son’s name is Peter. How many elder
brother(s) does Peter have?

2. How many marbles do we need to put into the position with “?” to make the diagram balance?

Question 2

3. What is the value of the number to represent “?” in the following table?

2 4 6

3 6 9

4 8 ？

Question 3

4. According to the pattern shown below , what is the letter in the blank?
O, T, T, F, F, S, , E, N, T, E, T, T, F, …

5. According to the pattern shown below, how many stars are there in the fifth group?
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆

☆ ☆
☆
☆ ☆
☆ ☆
☆ ☆

1st 2nd Group 3rd Group 4th Group 5th Group

Group
Question 5
6. Find the value of 1 2  3  4  5  4  3  2 1 .

7. Find the value of 8119  72 .

8. What is the number in the blank so that the equation below is correct?
5  12
9. Find the value of 1 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11.

10. If A is an 1-digit number, what is the value of A if the equation is correct?

1 5 – A = 7

Number Theory

11. Hermione has 7 oranges and Harry has 3 oranges. How many apples does Hermione have to give
Harry to make them have the same number of oranges?

12. Fill the lines with ‘ + ‘ and ‘ – ‘ to make the equation below
correct. (Write down the complete equation in the answer
sheet)

1 2 3 4 = 2
13. 12 balloons are distributed evenly to a group of children. If there are less than 10 children in a
group, how many children at most are there?

14. How many 2-digit numbers are there?

15. According to the following pattern, find the value of the next term.

10, 8, 6, 4, 2,
 Geometry
16. How many squares are there in the figure below?

Question 16

17. How many cubes are there in the figure below?

Question 17

18. How many triangles are there in the figure below?

Question 18

19. Which figure below is not similar with others?

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Question 19

○□△ ○○○□△ ○○ □△ ○○○□

20. According to the pattern shown below, what is the figure in the space provided?

Question 20
 Combinatorics
21. 18 candles are split into two equal groups, how many candles are there in each group?

22. Choose 2 numbers, without repetition, from 1, 2, 4, 6 to form a two-digit number. How
many odd numbers are there?

23. There are 2 ways from school to train station and there are 4 ways from the train station to the
library. How many different ways from school to the library through the train station?

24. What is the smallest 4-digit number by using 1, 2, 3 and 0? (Each number can only be used once)

25. Peter has 1 $1 coin, 2 50¢ cents coins and 5 10¢ coins, if he wants to buy a rubber costs $1
without change, how many ways he can pay?
 Solutions
題解
Logical Thinking
邏輯思維
1. John has two sons and three daughters. John’s youngest son’s name is Peter. How many elder
brother(s) does Peter have?
約翰有兩個兒子和三個女兒，約翰最小的兒子名叫彼得，彼得有多少個哥哥？
解：1
John has only two sons and Peter is the youngest one, so Peter has only one elder brother.
約翰只有兩名兒子而彼得是較小的一個，所以彼得只有一個哥哥。

2. How many marbles do we need to put into the position with “?” to make the diagram balance?
下圖最右邊「？」應放多少粒珠子才能保持天平平衡？

Question 2
第2題
解：7
Combining the first two diagrams, we can conclude that the weight of the cube equals to 7 marbles.
由首兩幅圖可得方塊的重量等於 7 粒珠子的重量。

3. What is the value of the number to represent “?” in the following table?
求在下表中？代表的值。
2 4 6

3 6 9

4 8 ？

解：12
The value in the right column equals to the sum of two numbers in the left.
表格右邊的數字等於左邊兩個數字之和。
4. According to the pattern shown below , what is the letter in the blank?
按以下規律，橫線上的字母是甚麼？
O, T, T, F, F, S, , E, N, T, E, T, T, F, …

解：S
The sequence follows the rule: “One, Two Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight….”
上述數列依循以下原則：“One, Two Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight….”

5. According to the pattern shown below, how many stars are there in the fifth group?
按以下規律，問第 5 組有多少顆星星？
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆

☆ ☆
☆
☆ ☆
☆ ☆
☆ ☆

1st 2nd Group 3rd Group 4th Group 5th Group

Group 第2組 第3組 第5組
第4組
第1
組 Question 5
第5題
解：9
The fifth group should have 9 stars, as the diagram below:
第 5 組圖案應該是如下圖，有 9 顆星星。

☆ ☆

☆ ☆

☆ ☆

☆ ☆
 Arithmetic
算術
6. Find the value of 1 2  3  4  5  4  3  2 1 .
求 1 2  3  4  5  4  3  2 1 的值。
解：25
1 2  3  4  5  4  3  2 1  55  25

7. Find the value of 8119  72 .

求 8119  72 的值。
解：172
8119  72  100  72  172

8. What is the number in the blank so that the equation below is correct?
在以下算式的空格上填上甚麼數字會使算式正確？
5  12

解：7
5  7  12

9. Find the value of 1 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11.

求 1 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 的值。
解：6
1 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11
 1110  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2 1
 1110  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2 1
 111111
6

10. If A is an 1-digit number, what is the value of A if the equation is correct?

若 A 為 1 位數字，且以下算式正確，求 A 的值。

1 5 – A = 7
解：8
15  8  7

Number Theory
數論
11. Hermione has 7 oranges and Harry has 3 oranges. How many apples does Hermione have to give
Harry to make them have the same number of oranges?
妙麗有 7 個橙，哈利有 3 個橙。要使兩人有相同數目的橙，妙麗要給哈利多少個橙？
解：2
72325
After Hermione gives 2 oranges to Harry, they both have 5 oranges.
妙麗給了 2 個橙哈利後，二人皆有 5 個橙。

12. Fill the lines with ‘ + ‘ and ‘ – ‘ to make the equation below
correct. (Write down the complete equation in the answer
sheet)
在橫線上填上加號或減號，使下列算式正確。
（在答題紙上寫上完整算式）

1 2 3 4 = 2
解：1 2  3  4  2

13. 12 balloons are distributed evenly to a group of children. If there are less than 10 children in a
group, how many children at most are there?
一群小孩均分 12 個氣球。已知當中有少於 10 個小孩，問這群小孩最多有多少人？
解：6
As the number of children is less than 10, each child should have at least 2 balloons.
Consider the situation that each child shared 2 balloons: 2  2  2  2  2  2 12 .
As a result there are at most 6 children.
由於當中有少於 10 個小孩，所以每名小孩最少得到 2 個氣球，考慮每人得到 2 個氣球的情況：
2  2  2  2  2  2 12 。
由此可得最多有 6 名小孩。
14. How many 2-digit numbers are there?
有多少個兩位數？
解：90
Count from 1 to 99, there are 99 numbers, excluding 9 1-digit numbers, there are 90 2-digit numbers.
由 1 數至 99，一共有 99 個數字。減去 9 個一位數，得出 90 個兩位數。
15. According to the following pattern, find the value of the next term.
根據以下的規律，求下一項的值。

10, 8, 6, 4, 2,
解：0
Each number is 2 less than the previous one. So the next number is 2  2  0 .
每個數字皆比前一個少 2，所以下一項的值是 2  2  0 。

Geometry
幾何
16. How many squares are there in the figure below?
請問下圖有多少個正方形？

Question 16
第 16 題
解：8
There are 6 small squares and 2 big squares, 8 squares in total.
圖中有 6 個小正方形及 2 個大正方形，共 8 個正方形。

17. How many cubes are there in the figure below?

請問下圖有多少個正方體？

Question 17
第 17 題
解：15
3  2 10  15
18. How many triangles are there in the figure below?
請問下圖有多少個三角形？

Question 18
第 18 題
解：5
There are 4 small triangles and 1 big triangle, 5 triangles in total.
圖中有 4 個小三角形及 1 個大三角形，共 5 個三角形。

19. Which figure below is not similar with others?

下列圖案當中，哪一幅圖是和其他的不相似？

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Question 19
第 19 題
解：C
Only (C) cuts the square into 3 parts, others cut the square into 4.
只有(C) 把正方形分割成三部份，其他圖案都是把正方形分割成 4 部份。

○□△ ○○○□△ ○○ □△ ○○○□

20. According to the pattern shown below, what is the figure in the space provided?
依照下圖規律，空格上的圖案應該是甚麼？

Question 20
第 20 題

The figures are following a pattern of ○ □ △ ○ ○ …, the eleventh figure should be ○.

解：○ / Circle /圓形

圖案規律為○ □ △ ○ ○ …，第 11 個圖案應該是○。

 Combinatorics
組合學
21. 18 candles are split into two equal groups, how many candles are there in each group?
把 18 支蠟燭分成兩等份，每份有多少支蠟燭？
解：9
9  9  18

22. Choose 2 numbers, without repetition, from 1, 2, 4, 6 to form a two-digit number. How
many odd numbers are there?
從 1、2、4、6 中選 2 個不可重複的數字組成兩位數，可以組成多少個奇數？
解：3
The unit digit of the number must be 1, so there are only 3 possible outcomes: 21, 41 and 61.
由於個位數必須為 1，所以只有 3 個可能：21、41 及 61。

23. There are 2 ways from school to train station and there are 4 ways from the train station to the
library. How many different ways from school to the library through the train station?
從學校到車站有 2 條路可走，從車站乘車到圖書館也有 4 條路可走，那麼，從學校到車站再乘車到圖書館，有幾種不同的走法？
解：8
For each possible route from school to station, there is another chance to choose the route to library,
so
there are 2 4  8 different possible routes.
每條由學校到車站的路都可以再選擇一條路到圖書館，所以有 2 4  8 種不同的走法。

24. What is the smallest 4-digit number by using 1, 2, 3 and 0? (Each number can only be used once)
利用 1、2、3 和 0 組合成最小的四位數是多少？（每個數字只能用一次）
解：1,023
The minimum value can be attained by arranging the digits in ascending order, with 1 as the first
digit: 1023.
要使四位數的數值最少，把所有位值按遞增排序，且第一個位是 1 即可：1023。
25. Peter has 1 $1 coin, 2 50¢ cents coins and 5 10¢ coins, if he wants to buy a rubber costs $1
without change, how many ways he can pay?
彼得有 1 枚 1 元、2 枚 5 角和 5 枚 1 角硬幣，要買一塊 1 元的橡皮膠而不需找贖，他有多少種付錢的方法？
解：3
The methods that Peter can pay are shown in the following table.
彼得可以付錢的方法如下表所示。
Method No. of $1 coins No. of 50¢ coins No. of 10¢ coins Total
方法 1 元硬幣的數目 5 角硬幣的數目 1 角硬幣的數目 總值
1st 1 0 0 $1

2nd 0 2 0 $1

3rd 0 1 5 $1

~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~
 泰國國際數學競賽 2015 THAILAND
INTERNATIONAL
MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD
2015
小學一年級 答案
Primary 1 Answer Key
Question No Answer Question No Answer Question No Answer
題號 答案 題號 答案 題號 答案
1 1 11 2 21 9

2 7 12 1 2  3  4  22 3
2
3 12 13 6 23 8

4 S 14 90 24 1,023

5 9 15 0 25 3

6 25 16 8

7 172 17 15

8 7 18 5

9 6 19 C

○/
10 8 20 Circle/
圓形