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triangles in geometry

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6 views1 page

Untitled Document

triangles in geometry

Uploaded by

magarcia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Triangles in Geometry

1. Definition and Classification


A triangle is a polygon with three sides and three angles. It can be classified
based on its sides and angles:
Based on Sides:
* Equilateral Triangle: All three sides are equal, and all angles are 60°.
* Isosceles Triangle: Two sides are equal, and two angles are equal.
* Scalene Triangle: All three sides are different lengths, and all angles are
different.
Based on Angles:
* Acute Triangle: All three angles are less than 90°.
* Right Triangle: One angle is exactly 90°.
* Obtuse Triangle: One angle is greater than 90°.
2. Properties of Triangles
* Angle Sum Property: The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always 180°.
∠A+∠B+∠C=180°\angle A + \angle B + \angle C = 180°∠A+∠B+∠C=180°
* Exterior Angle Theorem: An exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of
the two opposite interior angles.
Exterior Angle=∠A+∠B\text{Exterior Angle} = \angle A + \angle BExterior Angle=∠A+∠B
3. Pythagorean Theorem (For Right Triangles)
In a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse (the side opposite
the right angle) is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two
sides.
c2=a2+b2c^2 = a^2 + b^2c2=a2+b2
Where:
* ccc is the hypotenuse,
* aaa and bbb are the legs of the triangle.
4. Area of a Triangle
The area of a triangle can be calculated using the formula:
Area=12×Base×Height\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{Base} \times \
text{Height}Area=21×Base×Height
Where the base is one side of the triangle, and the height is the perpendicular
distance from the base to the opposite vertex.
5. Congruence and Similarity
* Congruent Triangles: Two triangles are congruent if their corresponding sides
and angles are equal (e.g., SSS, SAS, ASA criteria).
* Similar Triangles: Two triangles are similar if their corresponding angles are
equal and their sides are in proportion (e.g., AA similarity criterion).

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