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Networking

SS3 Computer note on networking

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7 views

Networking

SS3 Computer note on networking

Uploaded by

oludare popoola
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NETWORKING

DEFINITION OF A NETWORKING

A computer network is a collection of computer and deceives interconnected by


communications channels that facilitate communication among users and allows
user to share resources. A computer network allow sharing of resources and
information among interconnected devices. Network exist for one major reason; to
share information and resources.

TYPES OF NETWORKS
The Types Of Network Covered Are:
1. Ethernet
2. Token ring
3. Arc net

1. ETHERNET: Ethernet is a bus topology LAN network system. It uses coaxiail or


twisted pair cables to connect computer systems.
2. TOKEN RING: Token ring LAN technology is a ring topology network. It uses a
special three-style frame called a token that around the ring. Physically when
Implemented, the computers are connected through cables to a “HUB”. It is
the HUB that manages the network in a topology manner.
3. ARCNET: Arcnet (an acronym for Attached Resource Computer Network) is a
star LAN topology network. It was the first widely available networking system
for microcomputers. It was developed by John Murphy at Data point
Corporation in 1976

NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Topology refers to the layout of connected devices in computer networking. There
are two types of Network topology:
i. Physical Topology
ii. Logical Topology
Physical Topology of a network refers to the layout of the cables and network
devices; and logical topology refers to the method of communication of the
network devices. Network Topologies are categorized into the following basic
types:
i. Star topology
ii. Bus topology
iii. Ring topology

1. STAR TOPOLOGY
In a star topology network, device network devices are connected to a central
point like a star. The central point may be a hub, a switch or a rooter. All the
individual network devices communicate with the central point. Thus, once the
hub fails, the whole network is grounded but if any other network device fails, the
network will still be operating without the failed devices. Also, the star topology
requires more cables because cables are laid from all the network devices to the
hub. A star topology is designed with each node connected directly to a central
network hub, switch, or concentrator. The hub, switch, or concentrator manages
and controls all functions of the network. An example of star topology is ARCNET

Advantages of a star Topology


1. Easy to install and wire
2. No disruption to the network when connecting devices
3. Easy to deleted faults and to remove parts.

Disadvantage of a star Topology


1. Require more cable length than a linear topology
2. If the hub, switch, or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled

2. BUS TOPOLOGY
Bus network topology uses a common backbone (a cable)
To connect all devices. The backbone is a shared communication medium that all
devices are attached or connected. A device wanting to communicate with another
device on the network sends a broadcast message onto the wire that all other
devices see, but only the intended recipient actually accept and processes the
message.

Advantages of a bus Topology


1. Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus
2. It requires less cable length than a star topology.
Disadvantage of bus Topology
1. The entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable
2. Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable
3. It is difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.

3. RING TOPOLOGY
In a ring network, all the network devices are connected together in a ring from in
a ring topology, all messages travel through a ring in the same direction (either
“counterclockwise). A failure in any cable or device breaks the loop and shut down
the entire network.

NETWORK DEVICES
The network devices are the nodes of the network. They are devices that aid
connection and communication. The common network devices are :
1. The Hub
2. The network interface card
3. The switch
4. The Router
5. The Modem
6. The Bridge

The Hub: Hub is a devices that connects all the other devices in a star network
together. Every devices in the network Connect directly to the hub through a single
cable The hub receive a message from a device and broadcast it to all the other
devices in the network and monitors it for collision to the destination.
Modem: Modem is an acronym for modulator/demodulator it is a devices that can
covert a digital data to a analog and vice versa.
Switches: A switch is a devices that channel incoming data from any network
device to the specific device that destination of the data.

Bridge: A router is network device that connect two or more dissimilar network
together for example a router can connect a ring network with a star network and
a cable network, a LAN with a WAN and so on.

Network Interface Card (NIC): A network interface card (also known as a network
interface controller, network adapter, LAN adapter) is a computer hardware
component that connects a computer to a computer network.

BENEFIT OF COMPUTER NETWORK


The benefits of computer networking are:
1. Help to enhance connectivity: Network connect and link unlimited number
of computer
2. Networking help in sharing of hardware resources.
3. IT ease out management of data from all the user systems to one system
where it can be managed in an easy and better way.
4. Internet The internet is a network that connect different people in different
parts of the world. IT allows people to communicate and share resources
across the use of network help save a lot of time and energy.
5. Networking promoted game.

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