Classification: Internal Use

SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. What is Safety?
Safety can be defined as freedom from the condition which may cause injury, property
damage or even death.
2. What are the responsibilities of safety officer / FSR?
The responsibilities of an FSR is: Conducting the toolbox meeting, identifying the unsafe act
and unsafe condition at site, implementing the safety standards at site, giving awareness to
the employees about their safety at works, preparing the monthly report.
3. What is work permit?
Work permit is a written document authorizing a person or a group to perform any
construction or maintenance activity. (Issued by the issuer& received by the receiver).
4. What is JSA and steps of JSA?
Job Safety analysis is a step by step analysis of a particular job to identify the safe working
procedure.
A) Watch the job being done
B) Break the jobs down in to steps
C) Identify the hazards on each steps
D) Identify the control measures
E) Implement those counter measures
5. What is risk assessment & what are the steps of risk assessment?
Risk assessment is a method to estimating the risk of an activity.
Steps:
A) Identify the hazard
B) Decide who might be harm and how
C) Identify the control measures
D) Record the finding
E) Review the assessment for future
6. What is NFPA diamond?
NFPA diamond is a system for identifying the hazards of a material and its severity.
It is encoded in 4 color codes.
Red- Fire Hazard(0 will not burn, 1above200F, 2below200F, 3below100F, below73F)
Blue - Health hazard(0Normal Mat., 1Slight hazard, 2Hazardous, 3Ext Danger, 4deadly)
White- Specific hazard(Radiation Hazard, Use No water, Corrosive, Alkali, Acid, Oxidizer)
Yellow- Reactivity hazard(0stable, 1unstable if heated, 2 violent chemical change,
3 Shock and heat may detonate, 4 May detonate)
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SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

7. How many types of fire extinguisher using in the industry?

There are five types of fire extinguisher using in the industrial and that are all classified as;
Water fire extinguisher (For Class “A” Fire – Compostable Materials)
Dry power fire extinguisher (For Class “B” Fire -Flammable liquids, gases, grease, tars,
oils, oil-based paints, solvents and etc.greases, tars, oils,
oil-based paints, solvents
Foam fire extinguisher (For Class “C” Fire – Live electrical, electrical panel & wiring)
Carbon Dioxide fire extinguisher (For“D” Fire –Metal, aluminum, titanium Etc.)
Vaporizing liquid fire extinguisher(It can be use for class “C” type of fire)
8. What is LEL?
LEL is known as lower explosive limit; it is the lowest concentration of gas and vapors in the
atmosphere which will burn or ignite if the ignition source is present.
9. What is UEL?
UEL is known as upper explosive limit; it is the maximum concentration of gas and vapors in the
atmosphere which will burn or ignite if the ignition source is present.
10. What is flash point?
It is the maximum temperature which liquid gives vapor in sufficient quantity to foam an ignitable
mixture.
11. What is fire?
Fire is a visible effect of reaction between fuel, heat and oxygen
12. What is flashback arrestor?
It is a safety device to prevent the reverse flow of flame back in to the cylinder while cutting and
welding.
13. How to use a fire extinguisher? (in PASS order)
Pull the pin.
Aim the base of the fire.
Squeeze the lever.
Swipe from side to side.
14. What is confined space?
Any space having limited means of entry & exit is called confined space which could be subjectedto
hazards like oxygen deficiency, oxygen enrichment, toxic and flammable gases.(Examples of
confined space are tank, vessels, boilers, pipes etc).
15. What are the requirements need to work in a confined space?
Required valid work permit, gas test reading has to be done, required standby man with log sheet,
man retrieval system and evacuation plan, proper ventilation and lighting.
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SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

16. What is critical confined space?

Where there is an entry into a confined space in a vertical position is known as critical confined
space.
17. What is work at height?
Any work carried out above 1.8meter is knows as work at height.
18. What are the precautions to be taken while working at height?
Ensure the equipment suitable to work at height, take precautions while working near fragile
surfaces, provide protections from falling objects & consider emergency evacuation and rescue
procedure.
19. What is GFCI?
GFCI’s general form is ground field circuit interrupter. It is a safety device which will cut off the
power if incase any electrical failure.
20. What is manual handling?
Manual handling is the process of lifting, stacking or carrying by a human without any help of
lifting equipment. The maximum safest weight of manual handling is 23Kg.
21. What are the requirements needed for a lifting process?
It required valid work permit, lifting plan, valid crane inspection certificate, certified rigger and
operator for the specific crane, wind speed should be less than 32Km/Hr, barricade and
warring signs are properly placed, outriggers fully extended and should be in the wooden pad,
load moving indication should be working.
22. What is tandem lifting?
Two cranes combined to lift a single load are known as tandem lifting.
23. What is scaffolding?
Scaffolding is a temporary platform to work in an elevated area to protect falling men, tools
and materials.
24. Who can erect a scaffold?
A certified scaffolder can erect the scaffold and a certified scaffolding supervisor can inspect
the scaffold after the erection.
25. What are the parts of scaffolding?
Standards, ledgers, longitudinal bracings, transverse bracings planks, mid rail, top rail and toe
board.
26. What is accident?
It is an unplanned or undesired event which result injury, property damage or even death.
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SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

27. What is incident?

It is an unplanned / undesired event which had happened and it didn’t result any injury or
property damage.
28. What is near miss?
It is an unplanned / undesired event which had happened and it didn’t result any injury or
property damage.
29. What is hazard and what are the classifications of hazards?
Any potential condition that can lead to an accident is known as hazards. The hazards can be
classified as three.
A) Physical hazard -example: Noise, temperature
B) Chemical hazard -corrosive, gas & flammables
C) Biological hazard -viruses, bacteria & fungus
30. What is unsafe act and unsafe condition and give two examples for both?
An employee ignoring the prescribed safety standards are known as unsafe act. Example for
unsafe act is not using PPE, operating without authorization.
Unsafe condition defined as workplace environment risk that may or may not have been
identified such as biological, chemical, electrical, physical and environmental. Examples for
unsafe conditions are slippery floor, poor illumination.
31. What are the hazards can be indentified on a welding activity?
On a welding activity we can find the hazards such as fire, explosion electrical shock etc. to
prevent the fire hazards we can use fire extinguisher, fire blanket and a trained fire watch. Also
it required to do gas reading test to obtain the hot work permit.
32. What is TLV?
TLV is known as threshold limit value. It is the maximum concentration of chemical which an
employee can obtain 8hrs in a day without any bad effect on his health.
33. What is SDS?
Safety data sheet is a document and it must present in all the chemical storage and handling
area.
34. What are the information’s gained by reading an SDS?
In MSDS contains the details about the product, its usage, precautions to be taken, PPE to be
used first aid measures etc.
35. What is LOTO?
Loto is knows as lock out and tag out. Before doing any maintenance job on any live line, the
energy source should be isolated is known as LOTTO.
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SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

36. What is LSR? (life saving rules)

There are ten life saving rules:
1) Safe system of work
2) Confined space entry
3) Safety at height
4) Lifting operation
5) Line breaks
6) Energy isolation
7) Created opening
8) Disabling safety system
9) Vehicle safety
10) Management of change (MOC)

37. What are the three types of gas testing required inside a confined space?
A) Oxygen test (it must be in between 19.5 and 23.5)
B) LEL test (lower explosive limit must be 0)
C) Hydrogen sulphide test (10ppm)
38. What are the duties and responsibilities of an entry attendant?
He must always communicate with the those inside the confined space, must inform to the
employees about the emergencies may happened inside the confined space, if there is any
emergency happened communicate with the rescues team & maintain the updated entry
logsheet.
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SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

39. What are the safety precautions required in regards with the storage and handling of gas
cylinder?
The gas cylinder must be store in well ventilated area with chained and capped. Place the fire
extinguisher and no smoking signs in the storage area. The gas cylinder shall not rolled out and
always carry it in a trolley.
40. What is excavation and what are the hazards involved in an excavation?
Any man-made cut, cavity, trench, or depression in the Earth's surface formed by earth
removal is known as excavation. Collapsing the edges, underground cables and pipelines, toxic
gases, fall of men and equipments are the hazards associated with excavation.
41. Who is standby man?
Standby man is maintenance or a contractor person stationed outside the confined space.

42. Hierarchy of Control?

A. Elimination (color blue) – Physically remove the hazard
B. Substitution (color green) – Replace the Hazard
C. Engineering controls (color yellow) – Isolate peoples from the Hazard
D. Administrative controls (colororange) – change the way people work
E. PPE (color red) – protect the worker with personal protective equipment
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SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

43. What is HEPA Filter?

Hepa filters stand for high efficiency particulate air filter which removes 99.9% of air born
particles.
44. What are the parts of a crane?
Cabin, Outriggers, Boom, Rope, Hook, Block, Sheeves, Anti Toe Block, Animo meter.
Inside the cabin Load chart.
45. What are the types of scaffoldings?
Tube and coupler scaffolding, mobile scaffolding, ladder jack scaffolding, double pole or
independent pose scaffolding, Hop up scaffolding, manually propelled mobile scaffolding,
single point adjustable scaffolding, single pose scaffolding, tubular welded frame scaffolding.
46. Define STEL?
It is the maximum concentration of toxic substance exposure to person during at 15 minutes
without any bad affect on his body / health.
47. What are the types of slings and which sling is the best?
Belt sling / web sling, wire rope sling. Wire rope sling is too safe for material handling. And it
having multi strands of wire ropes.
48. Why fire hydrant is located in work site?
Extinguish the fire with safest distance.
During the emergency of fire, we may deploy more number of fire team to put out the fire.
During the emergency of fire in congested area, the fire hydrant is more useful and safe for to
extinguish the fire.
Due to pressure of water maintained in fire hydrant, it is safe to extinguish the fire.
49. What is the evacuation plan in confined space?
A) Conduct rescue drills. ...
B) Understand that rescues fall into two categories. ...
C) Make every entrant wear a full body harness. ...
D) Survey confined spaces for rescue. ...
E) Survey openings. ...
F) Meet with local authorities about rescue capabilities. ...
G) Have a rescue team.
50. What is rescue plan?
A rescue plan is an essential piece of documentation that must be completed before
undertaking any work at heights.

SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Classification: Internal Use

This should detail:

the type of work being undertaken
the risks involved while performing the work
any hazards around the work area
What actions need to be implemented in the event of an incident or accident occurring.
51. What is evacuation plan?
It is a set of procedure developed by the employers to help facilitate safe evacuation in case of
any emergency. The purpose of the evacuation is the safety of the employees during
emergency.
The emergency can be classified as 4

A) Natural disaster (flood, earthquake)

B) Release of hazardous material (Chemical spills, toxic gas release)
C) Fire and explosions (Class A-D and K fires, gas leak explosions)
D) Act of Violence (active shooter incidents, bomb threats, terrorist events)
52. What is IDLH?
Immediately dangerous to life or health means an atmospheric concentration of any toxic,
corrosive or asphyxiant substance that poses an immediate threat to life or would cause
irreversible or delayed adverse health effects or would interfere with an individual's ability to
escape from a dangerous atmosphere.
53. What is REL?
Recommended exposure limit (REL) is the name used by the US National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) for the occupational exposure limits (OELs) it
recommends to protect workers from hazardous substances and conditions in the workplace.
54. What is PEL?
OSHA sets permissible exposure limits (PELs) to protect workers against the health effects of
exposure to hazardous substances. PELs are regulatory limits on the amount or concentration
of a substance in the air. They may also contain a skin designation. PELs are enforceable.
55. Types of Work Permit in SABIC?
A) General Work Permit
B) Hot work permit
C) Confined space entry permit
D) Electrical work permit
E) Excavation work permit
F) Hydrojeting work permit

SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Classification: Internal Use

G) Radiography work permit

H) Lifting work permit
56. What is TWA?
Time weighted average. The employee's average airborne exposure in any 8-hour work shift of
a 40-hour work week which shall not be exceeded.
57. What are the hazards of H2S?
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a colorless gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs. Exposure to
hydrogen sulfide may cause irritation to the eyes and respiratory system. It can also cause
apnea, coma, convulsions; dizziness, headache, weakness, irritability, insomnia; stomach
upset, and if liquid: frostbite.
58. What is SHEM in SABIC?
Safety health environment management.
59. EHSS?
Environment health safety and security.
60. SAFER?
Sabic assurance for EHSS risk
61. What is lifting?
Lifting or moving any material on the work place with the help of mechanical energy is known
as lifting. Eg. Crane
62. What factors consider critical lifting confined space entry and excavation?
Lifting done nearby live electrical line, lifting done nearby pressurized pipe line, lifting done in
highly populated area, tandem lifting also consider as critical lifting, weight of the load above
crane’s 75% of capacity.
63. How dangerous are ammonia fumes?
Breathing in low levels of ammonia may cause irritation to the eyes, nose and throat. High
levels of ammonia may cause burns and swelling in the airways, lung damage and can be fatal.
Ingestion of ammonia solutions can cause pain and burns throughout the digestive tract.
64. What is EDC?
Ethylene dichloride.
65. What is LMRA?
LMRA is knows as last minute risk assessment which is done just before starting the activity.

SAFETY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Classification: Internal Use

66. What are the details present in work permit?

Date, work location, equipment, PPE, space for sign in (receiver & issuer). Space for sign in for
the crew, Space for gas test.