UNIT 3 Sports and Fitness ea A leita) Chapter 9 The Flying Housewife She has been called the greatest female athlete of the twentieth century. Why? Content areas: ® Sports and Fitness ® Sociology The Big Fish What's that swimming in the water? Is it a fish? No, it’s Martin Strel, an extraordinary long- distance swimmer. Content areas: = Sports and Fitness = Environmental Studies Blade Runner This young South African was a very fast runner, but some people did not want him to run in the Olympics. Content areas: ® Sports and Fitness * Biomedical EngineeringCHAPTER Z The Flying Housewife 1 TOPIC PREVIEW AA Match the woman in the left column with the sport she played or plays in the right column. Share your answers with your classmates. 1 Nadia Comaneci a Golf, 2 Maria Sharapova b Soccer 3 Michelle Kwan ¢ Tennis 4 Se Ri Pak d Gymnastics 5 Guo Jingjing e Ice-skating 6 Mia Hamm f Diving B Read the title of this chapter, look at the picture, and discuss the following questions. 1 Who are some famous female sports stars in the country you live in? What sports do they play? 2 Why do you think the woman in the picture is called “The Flying Housewife”? Explain. 3 What do you think the reading is going to be about? 50 Unit 3 Sports and Fitr2 VOCABULARY PREVIEW A Read the word lists. Put a check (/) next to the words that you know and can use in a sentence. Compare your answers with a partner. Then look up any unfamiliar words in a dictionary. Sports and Fitness Academic Word List Sociology Tecra ee nests sng ote B Fill in the blanks with words from Part A. 1 The young doctor wanted to have a/an in sports medicine. 2 A good practices his or her sport daily. 8 The baseball had his players practice hitting the ball. 4 The high school swimmer __ for winning the most races. 5 He is avery man. He always wears a suit and tie, 6 The parents their children to play dangerous sports. i _____ in every game was required for all the players. 8 The college sports star became a famous soccer player. 9 Fitness experts people to stretch before they exercise. 10 People often behave according to the traditions of their 11 Golfis a/an sport; basketball is a team sport. 12 Cheating during a game is __ ! i in the Olympics next year. 14 People generally of telling lies. 13 The skier is preparing to 15 To do his or her best, a gymnast must. every day. Chapter 7 The Flying Housewife 51fina» 3 READING Preview the questions in Reading Check Part A on page 54. Then read the story. The Flying Housewife WN Dara Fores 2008 Blankers-Koen, 1948 | _ When forty-one-year-old American swimmer Dara Torres, mother of a two-year-old, competed in the 2008 Beijing Olympics, people were surprised. They did not disapprove. They just thought that it would be difficult for an older athlete and a new mother to compete against younger athletes. Why, then, did people disapprove when runner Fanny Blankers-Koen, a thirty-year-old Dutch mother with two young children, competed in the Olympics? The year was 1948, and things were very different for women at that time. Today, many women compete in sports, but society hasn't always allowed their participation. In ancient Greece, women were forbidden to compete in the Olympic Games. When the modern Olympics began in 1896, women were still not allowed to participate. It was not until the second modern Olympies of 1900 that women were finally allowed to join the all-male competition. Society still thought that women were too weak for many sports. They could only participate in less physically demanding sports, such as archery, golf, and ice-skating. Many female athletes found these rules unacceptable. By the 1930s, therefore, Olympic officials made some changes. They allowed women to compete in some track-and-field' events, but in no more than three individual events. track-and-field: sporting events performed on a unning track or on the field near the track 52 Unit3 ts and FitnessFanny Blankers-Koen was one of many female athletes in the 3 1930s. She grew up in an active family and played sports. Her natural athleticism was encouraged. In 1935, when Koen was only 17, she set a national record in the 800-meter race. The talented Koen then took part in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Unfortunately for Koen, the two following Olympics were canceled due to World War II, but she continued to train and compete. It was during this time that Koen married the Dutch women's track coach, Jan Blankers, and had her first child. No one expected this new mother to get back into sports, but she did. + Not long after the birth of her first child, Koen returned to the track and set six new world track-and-field records. Then, only six weeks after giving birth to her second child, Koen won two gold medals at the 1946 European Championships. Koen was an athlete, but she was also a conventional wife and s mother of the time. She kept the house clean, did the cooking, and took care of her children. She did all of this while training. Her husband supported her athletic career. Many people, however, felt that a married mother should not compete in sports. When Koen decided to leave her children behind and go to London to compete in the 1948 Olympics, many people even in her own country were outraged. Koen went anyway, and the 1948 London Olympics turned out to be the high point of her career. It was there that this thirty-year-old mother of two became the first woman to win four gold medals in the Olympic Games. She won in every event she was allowed to enter. She might have won more, but the rules still only allowed her to compete in three individual events and one relay? When Koen returned home with her medals, the Dutch had forgiven her. She returned to a hero's welcome. They called her “The Flying Housewife.” Koen proved that a wife and mother could also be a world-class athlete, In fact, the International Association of Athletic Federations named Koen “Female Athlete of the Twentieth Century” in 1999. It’s thanks to Fanny Blankers-Koen that twenty-first-century sportswomen of all types are now common, and it’s no longer surprising to see someone of Dara Torres’s age compete on the world stage. 2 relay: a team race where an object (called a baton) is passed from one runner tothe next runner Chapter 7 The Flying Housewife4 READING CHECK A Are these statements true or false? Write T (true) or F (false). 1 ___ Dara Torres and Fanny Blankers-Koen were both mothers of young children when they competed in sports. 2 ___ Women have always been allowed to compete in the Olympics. 3 ____ Koen listened to the public and quit sports after she became a mother. B Circle the letter of the best item to complete each sentence. 1 In 2008, people reacted to Dara Torres competing in the Olympies with a disapproval _b acceptance _ surprise 2 Fanny Blankers-Koen participated in ___ Olympic Games. a one b two ¢ three 3 In the second modern Olympics, women could compete in a all sports that men competed in b sports such as archery, golf, and ice-skating © some track-and-field events 4 Fanny Blankers-Koen set a record in the 800-meter race in__. a 1935 b 1936 © 1946 5 Koen set six world records ___. a after the birth of her first child b six weeks after giving birth to her second child © at the 1946 European Championships 6 When Koen decided to compete in the 1948 Olympics, people in Holland a were very angry with her b supported her decision © did not pay attention 7 By 1948, women were allowed to compete in__ individual events. a4 b3 c5 8 When Koen returned to Holland from London, the Dutch people __. a welcomed her home b ignored her © were angry with her 54 Unit3 Sports and Fitness J5 VOCABULARY CHECK A Retell the story. Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the box. athlete career conventional disapproved encouraged participation set records society talented unacceptable. pres Fanny Blankers-Koen was a/an _ in track-and-field events in the 1930s and 1940s. During that time, thought a mother should lead __who competed however, most of a/an life of raising children and taking care of the house. They thought a mother’s - in sports was . Although the public ___of her to oe Koen's involvement with sports, her family play sports, even after she had children. Koen was a/an _ _ sportswoman, who _ in many races. Koen’s long __ REPEL aad 1 as a track-and-field star was finally honored when she won the “Female Athlete of the Twentieth Century” award in 1999. B Circle the best word to complete each sentence. 1 The tennis (star / coach / athlete) showed the students how to hit the ball correctly. 2 The ice-skater wants to (train / coach / compete) in the next Winter Olympics. 3 Olympic officials no longer (forbid / encourage / allow) women to participate. 4 She enjoyed (individual / conventional / dangerous) sports such as cycling or swimming. 5 To be a successful runner, an athlete must (coach / train / study) for many hours every day. Chapter 7 The Flying Housewife 556 APPLYING READING SKILLS Making an inference is an important reading skill It means being able to see what the writer did not explain or state directly. You can make inferences by asking yourself questions when something is not clear. A Look at the sentence below. It is unclear why the writer wrote “unfortunately.” Answer the first three questions so that you can infer the answer to the fourth question. “Unfortunately for Koen, the two following Olympics were canceled due to World War II, but she continued to train and compete.” 1 How old was Koen during the 1936 Olympics? 2 How old would she have been in the 1940 and 1944 Olympics? 3 Would Koen have done well in the 1940 and 1944 Olympics? 4 Why did the writer write “unfortunately”? B_ Answer the following questions. 1 The author writes at the end of paragraph 1 that in 1948 “things were very different for women.” The rest of the reading explains this statement, but it never states these differences directly. What do you think they are? 2 In paragraph 2, we read that Olympic officials allowed women to compete in “some track-and-field events.” Can you infer which types of events they could and could not compete in? 3 In paragraph 4, the author doesn't explain why no one expected Koen to return to sports. Why do you think no one expected this? 4 What was the “hero’s welcome” the Dutch gave Koen? (paragraph 6) 7 DISCUSSION Discuss the following questions in pairs or groups. 1 Do you think Koen deserved to be named “Female Athlete of the Twentieth Century”? Explain. 2 Do you think it is acceptable for mothers of young children to have athletic or other professional careers? Explain. 3 What sports are popular with women today? To watch? To play? 56 Unit 3 Sports and FitnessCHAPTER 8 The Big Fish 1 TOPIC PREVIEW A Some people take on amazing challenges. Read the activities below, and put them in order from 1 to 5, with 1 being the activity you think is the most challenging. Share your answers with your classmates. climbing Mount Everest cycling from the East Coast to the West Coast of North America swimming from England to France sailing alone across the Atlantic Ocean ___ walking across Antarctica B Read the title of this chapter, look at the picture, and discuss the following questions. 1 What is the farthest you have run, swum, biked, walked, or climbed? 2 What challenge do you think the man in the picture is facing? 3 What do you think the reading is going to be about? Chapter 8 The Bigfish 572 VOCABULARY PREVIEW A Read the word lists. Put a check (7) next to the words that you know and can Use in a sentence. Compare your answers with a partner. Then look up any unfamiliar words in a dictionary. Sports and Fitness Academic Word List Environmental Studies Ws c " re ‘environmental studies, the m AWL, See page 121. B_ Write the word from Part A next to its definition. 1 A gas in the air that animals need in order to live: 2 Relating to the body: 3 The set of ubjects that are used for a job or activity: _ 4 Damage to water or air by harmful substances: 5 Something you want to do successfully in the futu 6 The speed at which something happens or is done: __ 7 To maintain the highest or best in an activity: _ ‘ 8 The knowledge or understanding of something: 9 Having the chance of not surviving: 10 A place in a tropical area that is very wet: 11 Power and energy: s 12 When alll the trees in a large area are cut down: 13 Relating to the mind; involving the process of thinking: 14 To keep someone or something safe from harm: 15 A race or activity that continues for along time: 58 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness> 3 READING Preview the questions in Reading Check Part A on page 61. Then read the story. The Big Fis f , ME, ia Strel in Belém, Brazil ‘The Amazon River is not a river anyone wants to swim, especially | since it’s the home of deadly piranhas, anaconda snakes, crocodiles, bull sharks, and dangerous currents. If you're marathon swimmer Martin Strel, however, you look at the powerful Amazon and see a challenge that can't be refused. Using his physical and mental strength, this man swam the largest river on Earth’ from its starting place in Peru all the way through Brazil to the Atlantic Ocean in 2007. Only a man like Strel could complete this difficult challenge. Strel is a large, middle-aged man from Slovenia who was raised ina 2 village called Mokronog, which means “wet feet” in English. Strel has always loved swimming. He swam in pools, ponds, and small rivers as a young boy. As he grew older, Strel began swimming in larger rivers and soon became the world’s best marathon swimmer. Over the years, Strel has swum through more than 12,000 miles (19,300 kilometers) of the world’s longest rivers, from Europe's Danube to China's Yangtze. Strel is a person who likes to swim alone, He needs only the company of the river itself — and the longer the river, the better. * the largest riveron Earth by volume Chapter 8 The Bigfish 593 Though he holds world records for his swims, Strel now swims for peace, friendship, and a clean environment. He talks to audiences about the reasons for his swims. He has swum in dirty rivers to promote the need for clean water. He swam the Amazon to raise people's awareness of the importance of this region. The Amazon Rain Forest produces 20 percent of the world’s oxygen, and it is threatened by deforestation and pollution. If Strel could get people to pay attention to the Amazon, he hoped they might want to help protect and save it. All of the rivers in which Strel has swum are difficult, but the Amazon was the most challenging, Its length, amount of water, difficult currents, extreme tides? and dangerous creatures required a large support team and a lot of equipment. A group of doctors and guides traveled with Strel. Strel swam through deadly marine life, feeling the occasional touch of a large unknown creature, He never looked in the water to see what it was. He just kept swimming, determined to reach his goal. Along the way, Strel made friends with local people. As he swam down the river, large crowds came out to see him. People around the world also followed Strel’s progress through news reports. The world was watching both Strel and the Amazon. Although Strel had the support of his team and his fans, his biggest challenge was a mental one. He had to calm his mind as he spent ten hours a day alone in the water, swimming from port to port. All he heard was his steady breath and the sound of his arms in the water. He filled the hours with dreams of his family. When he pulled into a port he would swim steadily, not hesitating in his pace. He could hear the noise of the cheering crowd, but he wouldn't look at his fans until he had reached the bank. Then he would raise his arms and smile. After 3,274 miles (5,269 kilometers) and 66 days on the river, fighting nature and solitude, Strel finally arrived in Belém, Brazil, where the Amazon meets the Atlantic. When he touched land, he was 26 pounds lighter and smiling with relief. He had become the first person to swim the Amazon. He had also achieved his other goal. He had built cross-cultural friendships and helped the world think about this environmentally important region. 2 tide: the regular rising and falling of the sea level 60 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness4 READING CHECK A Circle the letter of the best answer. 1 Why does Martin Strel swim in big rivers? a to compete against other swimmers b to become famous © to raise awareness about peace, friendship, and the environment 2 Why was the Amazon River the most difficult river for Strel to swim? a Strel had no help. b The Amazon was dirty. © The Amazon had dangerous currents and creatures. 3 What was Strel’s biggest challenge in swimming the Amazon River? a to stay calm b to lose weight © to increase his pace | | B Are these statements true or false? Write T (true) or F (false). | 1 ___ Martin Strel learned to swim in the ocean. | Strel prefers the company of other swimmers to swimming alone. | Strel has swum the Danube and Yangtze Rivers. ___ Strel has never held a world record for his swims. 2 3 4 5 The Amazon region is no longer threatened by deforestation. 6 ____ Strel felt marine life touch him while he swam the Amazon. 7 No one had heard of Strel’s Amazon swim until after he completed it. 8 Strel swam 12 hours a day in the Amazon River. 9 ___ While Strel swam, he thought of his family. 10 ____ Strel swam the Amazon River for 26 days and lost 66 pounds. Chapter 8 The Bigfish 615 VOCABULARY CHECK A Retell the story. Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the box. awareness equipment —holds records = marathon _ mental oxygen pace physical rainforest strength swimmer Martin Strel___ for swimming many of the world’s greatest rivers. Strel's amazing _ __isboth and fe and helps him to keep his steady __. In addition, Strels z ane t, as swim gear, charts, and medical supplies, as well as a support team, help » such him during his long swims. Because the tropical _ supplies 20 percent of the # world’s » Strel thought swimming the Amazon would raise a/an __ 7 of the environmental problems of this region, Indeed, his successful swim has gotten the public to notice this region of the world! B Write a short paragraph about environmental problems. Use the following words: deforestation, goal, pollution, protect, and threatened. 62 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness6 APPLYING READING SKILLS © Using reference materials, such as atlases, encyclopedias, and Web sites, : after you read is sometimes necessary to get the most complete understanding | ofareading. A _Lookat this map of South America. Find the following places that are mentioned | in the reading, Put each number in the correct place on the map. 1 Peru 2 Brazil 8 the Atlantic Ocean 4 the start of the Amazon 5 Belém, the place where the Amazon meets the Atlantic 6 the Amazon Rain Forest B Use reference materials to answer the following questions. 1 What type of animal is a piranha? 1 2 What type of animal is an anaconda? { 3 Which countries have borders with Slovenia? 4 In which country does the Danube River begin? What are three other countries that it goes through? 5 In which city does the Yangtze River end? 7 DISCUSSION Discuss the following questions in pairs or groups. 1 Strel swam the Amazon to raise awareness of pollution in the Amazon. What other kinds of activities have people done to raise awareness of environmental problems? 2 Strel also swam the Amazon for the physical and mental challenge. What type of physical or mental challenge would you like to accomplish in the future? Chapter 8 The Bigfish 63CHAPTER Blade Runner 1 “TOPIC PREVIEW A Look at the names below. These people have something in common. Put a check (7) next to the people you have heard of. Do you know what they have in common? Share your answers with your classmates. 1 ___ Andrea Bocelli Stephen Hawking __ Helen Keller 2 3 4 Yitzhak Perlman 5 ____ Ludwig van Beethoven 6 Stevie Wonder B Read the title of this chapter, look at the picture, and discuss the following questions. 1 Do you know people who have physical problems but who still have accomplished great things? Explain. 2 What is the man in the picture doing? What is different about him? 3 What do you think the reading is going to be about? 64 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness2 VOCABULARY PREVIEW A. Read the word lists. Put a check (/) next to the words that you know and can use in a sentence. Compare your answers with a partner. Then look up any unfamiliar words in a dictionary. Sports and Fitness Academic Word List Biomedical Engineering seat si Sees Tech ken Lt AM eae aratonsounte Ae seepge | B Fill in the blanks with words from Part A. 1 When you are extremely good at something, you at it. 2 The doctor used a special _ to fix the patient’s bone. 3 The directions _ said to turn left, not right. 4 The girl used a/an because she couldn’t walk. 5 The_ 6 people can still achieve great things. of this knife can cut very thin slices of bread. 7 The biggest in the race was the cold weather. 8 The runner who had no legs had legs instead. 9 Doctors gave the womana/an for her missing arm. 10 The best won the short race. | 11 The man suffered a head in the accident. 12 The woman's took about a month. Then she felt better. 13 people usually don’t need physical help. | 14 The young man improved his by practicing yoga. 15 To for the finals, she had to win five games. Chapter 9 Blade Runner 65burs 3 READING Preview the questions in Reading Check Part A on page 68. Then read the story. Blade Runner | It's race day. A young athlete walks onto the track and takes his place next to the other runners. The starting gun fires, and the young athlete begins to run. As the group races down the track, the crowd begins to cheer. The young athlete passes the first runner. Then he passes another, and yet another. The finish line ‘comes near, and the young athlete rushes forward with Oscar Pistorius great speed. He crosses the finish line to the loud roar of the crowd. Who is this young athlete? He is South African sprinter Oscar Pistorius. Why is the crowd cheering so loudly? Pistorius has two artificial legs, and he has won the race against able-bodied runners. 2 Oscar Pistorius was born with the determination and talent of a world-class sprinter. However, young Oscar had a great obstacle. When Oscar was born, he was missing the calf bone! in each leg. Doctors gave his parents two choices. One choice was that doctors could amputate? their son’s lower legs and give the boy artificial legs, or prostheses, The other choice was that Pistorius could spend his life in a wheelchair. His parents decided on giving him prostheses. With these artificial legs, he could learn to walk. There was one thing his parents never expected, however. Their son would not only walk, but he would also become an extraordinary track star. From a young age, Pistorius excelled at sports even with his artificial legs. He competed in tennis, soccer, water polo, and rugby. Then in 2004 at the age of 18, Pistorius received a knee injury. As part of the recovery process, he started running. Soon he was running not " calfbone: a bone located in the front of the lowe’ leg 2 amputate: to cut off someone's arm, leg, finger, e:c, during a medical operation 66 Unit3 Sports and Fitnessjust well, but incredibly fast. In that same year, he decided to become a competitive sprinter. He then went to the Athens Paralympics? where he set four world sprinting records and won four gold medals. How did Pistorius become such a remarkable sprinter so quickly? 4 He was a determined natural athlete, and he had the help of his prostheses: the Cheetah Flex Foot! The Cheetah Flex Foot is designed to help athletes like Pistorius sprint. It is a blade shaped like the letter “i” and has the flexibility of a natural foot and ankle. It allows a runner to sprint much like an able-bodied runner. Nicknamed “Blade Runner,” Pistorius continued to break records in 5 Paralympic competitions. In 2007, he achieved something extraordinary. He won the silver medal for the 400-meter race in the South African National Championships. He had won against able-bodied men! Now he thought it might be possible that he could achieve his dream of competing in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. In early 2008, however, the International Association of Athletics 6 Federations (IAAF) ruled that they would not allow Pistorius to compete in the Summer Olympics. The committee claimed the Cheetahs gave the disabled sprinter more power. Pistorius and many others disagreed. Pistorius challenged the ruling, and he was given permission to compete just months before the Summer Olympics. He tried out for the South African Olympic Team but missed qualifying for the team by less than a second. Although he did not meet his Olympic goal, Pistorius still went on to win a gold medal in the 100-, 200-, and 400-meter races at the Paralympics that same year. Pistorius would have been the first amputee in the Olympics to use a device specifically designed to help him in his sport. Although the IAAF finally allowed Pistorius to try out for the Olympics, that doesn't mean all disabled athletes with special prostheses will be able to participate in future Olympics. In the future, the IAAF will still examine each disabled athlete's case. Pistorius’s determination and success, however, have given hope to millions of other disabled athletes. Perhaps there will be a day when the crowd cheers for disabled athletes with prosthetic devices as they compete in the Olympics next to their able-bodied competitors. 3 Paralympics: Olympics for the disabled 4 Cheetah Flex Foot: named after the cheetah, the fastest land mammal Chapter 9 Blade Runner 674 READING CHECK A Are these statements true or false? Write T (true) or F (false). 1 ____ Oscar Pistorius was born without calf bones. 2 ____ Oscar Pistorius had been a sprinter for years when he won his first race. 3 Oscar Pistorius races against both disabled and able-bodied runners. B Answer the questions with information from the reading. 1 Who is Oscar Pistorius? 2 What were the choices Pistorius’s doctor gave to his parents? Which one did they choose? 3 Why did his parents make their choice? 4 Why did Pistorius begin running? 5 What helped Pistorius achieve success, in addition to his natural talent? 6 What was extraordinary about Pistorius’s 2007 success? 7 Why did the International Association of Athletics Federations not want to allow Pistorius to compete in the 2008 Olympics? 8 Why didn't Pistorius compete in the 2008 Olympics? 68 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness5 VOCABULARY CHECK A. Retell the story. Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the box. able-bodied artificial blade device disabled excelled obstacle prostheses sprinter wheelchair Oscar Pistorius was born without calf bones in his lower legs. Instead of spending his life in a/an ____, his parents decided to give their son _____ . With the help of these z legs, Pistorius _____ at sports. arate 7 y Pistorius began to run after he was hurt playing rugby. He was so fast on the track that he decided to become a/an - “ 5 He no longer faced the ____ of having no legs. The Cheetah Flex Foot, a/an __ that looks like a 7 j-shaped ____, soon allowed Pistorius to become the 3 fastest man without real legs. Even though Pistorius is considered a/an __runner because of his missing legs, he runs alongside and often beats runners. B Fillin the blanks with the correct words. Use the correct verb tense or the correct singular or plural noun form. Adjective flex flexibility flexible injure injury injured qualify qualification qualified recover recovery recovered specify specification _ specific 1 The team doctor says the star player will _ soon. 2 Athletes have to be __ in order to move so easily. 3 Footballl players often themselves during practice. 4 The runner met the minimum _ and can compete. 5 There are _ rules that players must follow. Chapter 9 Blade Runner 696 APPLYING READING SKILLS Organizing information into a chart can help you deepen your understanding : of @ reading and see how different parts of the reading relate to each other. It can also help you write a short summary cf the reading, which can be useful if you have to prepare for a test on it. A. Fill in the chart with information from the reading. One example for each column has been done for you. OSCARPISTORIUS = His mental His major His challenges (past and physical achievements and present) characteristics excelled at sports froma born without a calf’ amputee no legs sou age bone in each leg below the knee BB. Use the information from the chart to write a short summary of “Blade Runner.” 7 DISCUSSION Discuss the following questions in pairs or groups. 1 Do you know anyone who is disabled, has a prosthesis, or is in a wheelchair and also plays sports? Explain. 2 Do you think Pistorius’s special Cheetah Flex Feet give him an advantage over able-bodied athletes? 8 Do you think disabled or able-bodied athletes should be allowed to use special devices or expensive equipment when they compete? Explain. 70 Unit 3 Sports and Fitnessik Wy sU 2 VOCABULARY REVIEW acd ereon rac. Sports and Fitness Sports and Fitness Sports and Fitness athlete - coach (n) - hold (a) record - able-bodied - disabled - compete - set (a)record- marathon pace (n)) - excel - obstacle - talented - train (v) strength qualify - sprinter Academic Word List Academic Word List Academic Word List conventional - ((aise) awareness - device - flexibility - individual (adj) - equipment - goal - injury - recovery - participation mental - physical specifically Sociology Environmental Studies _ Biomedical Engineering career: disapprove (of) deforestation - oxygen _ artificial - blade - encourage : forbid - pollution - protect - prosthesis - wheelchair society- unacceptable _rain forest - threatened (adj) Find words in the chart that match the definitions. Answers to 1-4 are from Chapter 7. Answers to 5-8 are from Chapter 8. Answers to 9-12 are from Chapter 9. 1 Behaving or thinking in a usual way: 2 To tell someone that they are not allowed to do something: " 3 To take part in a sports event and try to win: _ 4 To think that something or someone is bad, wrong: 5 The speed at which something happens or is done: _ 6 The set of objects that are used for a job or activity: 7 To keep someone or something safe from harm: _ 8 Power and energy: _ 9 Not natural; made by people: 10 The skill or ability to bend or change easily: 11 To achieve a very high level of knowledge or skill: 12 The process of getting better after an illness or injury: Unit3 Wrap-Up 71VOCABULARY IN USE Work with a partner or small group, and discuss the questions below. 1 When you were younger, what did your parents or teachers encourage you to do? 2 What kinds of obstacles do women still face in the working world? 3 Ifyou could choose any career or change your current career, what would it be? 4 Do you think professional athletes should be paid high salaries? Explain. 5 How can cross-cultural awareness help international relations? 6 What kinds of things can a person do to train to run a marathon? 7 What does society do to help disabled people? Explain. 8 What is one thing you excel at? Explain. ROLE PLAY Work with a partner. One student is a newspaper reporter. The other student is an athlete - for example, a runner, a swimmer, ora soccer player - who has just won an important race or game. Reporter: Prepare general questions to ask the athlete about how he or she trained for the event and about any obstacles he or she faced during the event. Athlete: Prepare a list of how you trained for the event and about any obstacles you faced during the event. WRITING Imagine that you are Fanny Blankers-Koen, Martin Strel, or Oscar Pistorius. You have been asked by the local high school to share your story with students. Write an article for the school newspaper, answering the following questions. = What have been some challenges in your athletic career? = How have you overcome these challenge? = What has been your biggest accomplishment? What did you learn from it? WEBQUEST Find more information about the topics in this unit by going on the Internet. Go to www.cambridge.org/readthis and follow the instructions for doing a WebQuest. Search for facts. Have fun. Good luck! 72 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness