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Assignment Two

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9 views

Assignment Two

Assignments

Uploaded by

mudzingwadouglas48
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1) Explain the following destructive tests employed for

testing soundness, strength and toughness of a


material
a) Nick break testing: this test involves creating a Nick to
the material and then applying bending force. Whether
the metal is able to withstand this force without breaking
gives insights on its soundness and toughness. In this
case if a clean break occurs that indicates ductility and
soundness, while a jagged or irregular break weakness in
material.
b) Fatigue toughness test: this material tests the
material’s resistance to fatigue failure under cycling
loading. The object is subjected to repeating loading and
unloading until failure occurs. The numbers of failure and
the nature of the fracture provides information on the
material’s toughness and it’s ability to withstand
repeated stress.
c) Macro etch examination: this test involves etching
the surface of a metal with a chemical solution to reveal
it’s microstructure. The examination allows for the
assessment of defects, such as porosity which can affect
the material’s strength and performance.
2) Explain the following non-destructive tests employed
for testing internal welding defects.
a) Liquid penetrant testing: this is a non-destructive
test that involves applying a liquid dye to the surface of a
material. After applying the dye it is going to penetrate
any surface cracks or defects. After some time excess dye
is removed, and a developer is applied which draws out
the penetrant from the defects. This method is effective
in detecting surface breaking defects.
b) Magnetic particle testing: this method is used for
materials that are easily magnetized. The surface is
magnetized and then fine magnetic particles are applied.
If there are any surface or near surface defects, the
magnetic field will be disrupted causing the particles to
accumulate at the defects locations, making the visible.
This test is useful for detecting cracks.
c) Radiographic testing: this technology uses x rays or
gamma rays to penetrate the material and produce an
image on a film or digital detector. Internal defects such
as voids or inclusions can be detected by analyzing the
density vibration of the radiographic image. This method
is widely used for inspecting welds and internal flaws.
d) Eddy current testing: this is a non-destructive method
that involves inducing Eddy currents in the material using
an alternating magnetic field. The presence of defects
alters the flow of these currents, which can measured to
detect surface and near surface flows. This method is
used for testing conductive materials and is commonly
used for detecting cracks and measuring material
thickness.
3) Explain the hydraulic pressure test and leak testing
employed for inspecting pressure vessels , piping and
hydraulic lines:
 Hydraulic pressure test: this test involves pressuring
the piping system with water or gas to a higher than it’s
normal operating pressure. The purpose is to check for
leaks and insure the integrity of the integrity of the
system. Any drop in the pressure or visible leaks
indicates a failure in the material or weld.
a) Leak tests: this involves various methods to detect
leaks in pressure vessels, piping and hydraulic lines.
Common solutions includes using soapy water to identify
bubbles at leak points., vacuum testing or using
electronic leak detectors. This goal is to ensure that the
system is airtight and can operate safely under pressure
without any fluid loss.

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