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Notes CE311CABLESARCHES

Hydraulics

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Jack Aaron Zambrano
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26 views

Notes CE311CABLESARCHES

Hydraulics

Uploaded by

Jack Aaron Zambrano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CABLES AND ARCHES SAMPLE PROBLEM #1:

CABLES Two loads are suspended as shown from the cable ABCD. Knowing that hB = 1.8 m, determine
Cables are often used in engineering structures for support and to transmit loads from one (a) the distance hC, (b) the components of the reaction at D, (c) the maximum tension in the
member to another. When used to support suspension roofs, bridges, and trolley wheels, cables cable.
form the main load-carrying element in the structure. Two cases will be considered in the
sections that follow:

1) A cable subjected to concentrated loads

2) A cable subjected to a distributed load

CABLE SUBJECTED TO CONCENTRATED LOADS


When a cable of negligible weight supports several concentrated loads, the cable takes the form
of several straight-line segments, each of which is subjected to a constant tensile force
SAMPLE PROBLEM #2: SAMPLE PROBLEM #3:
If dC = 15 ft, determine (a) the distances dB and dD, (b) the maximum tension in the cable. If a = 3 m, determine the magnitudes of P and Q required to maintain the cable in the shape
shown.
CABLE SUBJECTED TO A UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED LOAD SAMPLE PROBLEM #4:
Cables provide a very effective means of supporting the dead weight of girders or bridge decks The cable supports the uniform load of w0 = 600 lb/ft. Determine the tension in the cable at each
having very long spans. A suspension bridge is a typical example, in which the deck is support A and B.
suspended from the cable using a series of close and equally spaced hangers.

Uneven elevation of supports:

KEY FORMULAS: 2 2
wx 1 wx 2
T1  wx 1  2  H2 T2  wx 2  2  H2 H 
2d1

2d2
Even elevation of supports:

KEY FORMULAS:
2
wL2  wL 
H T    H2
8d  2 
SAMPLE PROBLEM #5: ARCHES
The cable is subjected to the uniform loading. If the slope of the cable at point O is zero, Arches can be used to reduce the bending moments in long-span structures. Essentially, an
determine the equation of the curve and the force in the cable at O and B. arch act as an inverted cable, so it receives its load mainly in compression although, because
of its rigidity, it must also resist some bending and shear depending upon how it is loaded and
shaped.

THREE-HINGED ARCH
An arch is a beam curved in the plane of the loads to a radius that is very large relative to the
depth of section. Loads induce both bending and direct compressive stress. Reactions have
horizontal components, though all loads are vertical. A three-hinged arch is constructed by
inserting a hinge at each support and at an internal point, usually the crown, or high point. This
construction is statically determinate. There are four unknowns—two horizontal and two vertical
components of the reactions— but four equations based on the laws of equilibrium are available.

(a) (b)
The three-hinge truss arch is used to support a portion of the roof loading of this building (a).
The close-up photo shows the arch is pinned at its top (b).
Let us now consider the analysis of a three-hinged arch such as the one shown in Fig. a. In this SAMPLE PROBLEM #6:
case, the third hinge is located at the crown and the supports are located at different elevations. The tied three-hinged arch is subjected to the loading shown. Determine the components of
reaction at A and C and the tension in the cable.

(a)

In order to determine the reactions at the supports, the arch is disassembled and the free-body
diagram of each member is shown in Fig. b.

(b)

Here there are six unknowns for which six equations of equilibrium are available. One method
of solving this problem is to apply the moment equilibrium equations about points A and B.
Simultaneous solution will yield the reactions Cx and Cy. The support reactions are then
determined from the force equations of equilibrium.

Once obtained, the internal normal force, shear, and


moment loadings at any point along the arch can be found
using the method of sections. Here, of course, the section
should be taken perpendicular to the axis of the arch at the
point considered.
SAMPLE PROBLEM #7: SAMPLE PROBLEM #8:
Determine the resultant forces at the pins A, B, and C of the three-hinged arched roof truss. Determine the internal force system acting on section 1 of the circular arch.

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