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Geometry Reviewer

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8 views

Geometry Reviewer

fjgfjghjghj

Uploaded by

lojofol331
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here's a brief **Geometry Reviewer** covering fundamental concepts:

---

# **Geometry Reviewer**

## **1. Basic Terms and Definitions**

- **Point**: A location in space, represented by a dot. It has no dimension.

- **Line**: A straight path extending infinitely in both directions, containing infinite points.

- **Line Segment**: A part of a line that has two endpoints.

- **Ray**: A part of a line that starts at one point and extends infinitely in one direction.

- **Plane**: A flat, two-dimensional surface that extends infinitely in all directions.

## **2. Types of Angles**

- **Acute Angle**: Measures less than 90°.

- **Right Angle**: Measures exactly 90°.

- **Obtuse Angle**: Measures more than 90° but less than 180°.

- **Straight Angle**: Measures exactly 180°.

## **3. Triangle Properties**

- **Sum of Interior Angles**: The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always 180°.

- **Types of Triangles by Sides**:

- **Equilateral Triangle**: All sides are equal, and all angles are 60°.

- **Isosceles Triangle**: Two sides are equal, and the base angles are equal.

- **Scalene Triangle**: No sides are equal, and all angles are different.
- **Types of Triangles by Angles**:

- **Acute Triangle**: All angles are less than 90°.

- **Right Triangle**: Has one right angle (90°).

- **Obtuse Triangle**: Has one obtuse angle.

### **Pythagorean Theorem** (Right Triangles Only):

For any right triangle:

\[ a^2 + b^2 = c^2 \]

Where \(a\) and \(b\) are the legs, and \(c\) is the hypotenuse.

## **4. Quadrilaterals**

- **Square**: All sides are equal, and all angles are 90°.

- **Rectangle**: Opposite sides are equal, and all angles are 90°.

- **Rhombus**: All sides are equal, but angles are not 90°.

- **Parallelogram**: Opposite sides are parallel, and opposite angles are equal.

- **Trapezoid**: Only one pair of sides is parallel.

## **5. Circle Terms**

- **Radius**: A segment from the center to any point on the circle.

- **Diameter**: A segment passing through the center that connects two points on the
circle. It is twice the radius.

- **Circumference**: The distance around the circle.

\[

C = 2 \pi r \quad \text{or} \quad C = \pi d

\]

- **Area**: The space inside the circle.


\[

A = \pi r^2

\]

- **Arc**: A part of the circumference of a circle.

- **Chord**: A line segment connecting two points on a circle.

- **Sector**: A region bounded by two radii and an arc.

## **6. Polygons**

- **Polygon**: A closed figure with three or more straight sides.

- **Regular Polygon**: A polygon where all sides and all angles are equal (e.g., equilateral
triangle, square).

- **Sum of Interior Angles**:

\[

\text{Sum} = (n - 2) \times 180^\circ

\]

Where \(n\) is the number of sides.

## **7. Coordinate Geometry**

- **Distance Formula**:

\[

d = \sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}

\]

Calculates the distance between two points \((x_1, y_1)\) and \((x_2, y_2)\) on a plane.

- **Midpoint Formula**:

\[
M = \left( \frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1 + y_2}{2} \right)

\]

Finds the midpoint between two points.

- **Slope Formula**:

\[

m = \frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}

\]

Determines the steepness of a line.

## **8. Transformations**

- **Translation**: Slides a shape from one place to another without rotating or flipping it.

- **Reflection**: Flips a shape over a line (mirror image).

- **Rotation**: Turns a shape around a fixed point.

- **Dilation**: Enlarges or reduces a shape by a scale factor, while keeping the proportions
the same.

---

This reviewer covers basic concepts of geometry. It's a great foundation for more advanced
geometric studies.

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