Course Code：H0180111

Beijing Institute of Technology

University Physics (I) Final Examination A
9:50-11:50 A.M. June 17, 2020

Class（Major） Student ID Name

Problem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Points

Directions: There are 11 problems in this exam scored by 100 points in total. Upload your
Commitment to Examination Integrity before writing the exam paper with a pen in black ink. Do
not forget to write your full name, student number, and class number on each of every answer
sheets. Copy problem numbers and solve problems step by step on your answer sheets so that your
reasonings are clearly presented. Take photos of your answer sheets on your mobile phone and
upload them to the LeXue platform as what you did for homework. Time for uploading answer
sheets is within 15 minutes right after 11:50 a.m. If you are unable to upload your answer sheets to
LeXue please send them to email box: [email protected].

1. [10 Points] A particle starting from rest revolves with uniformly increasing speed in a clockwise
circle in the x-y plane. The center of the circle is at the origin of an x-y coordinate system. At t=0,
the particle is at x=0.0 m, y=2.0 m. At t=2.0 s, it has made one-quarter of a revolution and is at
x=2.0 m, y=0.0 m. Determine (a) its speed at t=2.0 s. (b) the average velocity vector, and (c) the
average acceleration vector during this interval. (d) the instantaneous acceleration at t=0.0 s.

2. [10 Points] An airplane in flight is subject to an air resistance force proportional to the square of
its speed v. Another resistive force coming from the wings is called induced drag, which is inversely
proportional to v2. So the total air resistance force can be expressed by Fair=αv2+β/v2, where α and
β are positive constants that depend on the shape and size of the airplane and the density of the
air. For a small single-engine airplane, α=0.30 N·s2/m2 and β=3.5×105 N·m2/s2. In steady flight, the
engine must provide a forward force that exactly balances the air resistance force. (a) Calculate the
speed in km/h at which this airplane will travel the greatest distance for a given quantity of fuel.

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(b) Calculate the speed in km/h for which the airplane will remain in the air the longest time.

3. [10 Points] A squid with a mass of 6.50 kg including the water in its cavity at rest suddenly sees a
dangerous predator. (a) If the squid has 1.75 kg of water in its cavity, at what speed must it expel
this water to suddenly achieve a speed of 2.50 m/s to escape the predator? Neglect any drag
effects of the surrounding water. (b) How much kinetic energy does the squid create by this
maneuver?

4. [10 Points] A 117-kg propeller with length of 2.08 m can be modeled as a slender rod. When the
motor is first started, it applies a constant torque of 1950 N·m to the propeller, which starts from
rest. (a) What is the angular acceleration of the propeller? (b) What is the propeller’s angular
speed after making 5.00 revolutions? (c) How much work is done by the motor during the first 5.00
revolutions? (d) What is the average power output of the motor during the first 5.00 revolutions?
(e) What is the instantaneous power output of the motor at the instant that the propeller has
turned through 5.00 revolutions?

5. [10 Points] A spherical balloon is blown up to a diameter of 50.0 cm until the absolute pressure
inside is 1.25 atm and the temperature is 22.0 °C. Assume that all the gas in is N 2 of molar mass
28.0 g/mol. (a) Find the mass of a single N 2 molecule. (b) How much translational kinetic energy
does an average N2 molecule have? (c) How many N2 molecules are in this balloon? (d) What is the
total translational kinetic energy of all the molecules in the balloon?

6. [10 Points] Starting with 2.50 mol of N 2 gas assumed to be ideal in a cylinder at 1.00 atm and
20.0 °C, the gas is first heated at constant volume, adding 1.52×104 J of heat, then continuously
heated to expand at constant pressure to twice its original volume. (a) Calculate the final
temperature of the gas. (b) Calculate the amount of work done by the gas. (c) Calculate the
amount of heat added to the gas while it was expanding. (d) Calculate the change in internal
energy of the gas for the whole process.

7. [10 Points] A Carnot refrigerator is operated between two heat reservoirs at temperatures of
320 K and 270 K. (a) If in each cycle the refrigerator receives 415 J of heat energy from the
reservoir at 270 K, how many joules of heat energy does it deliver to the reservoir at 320 K? (b) If
the refrigerator completes 165 cycles each minute, what power input is required to operate it? (c)
What is the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator?

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8. [10 Points] A 0.020-kg box moves with SHM that has an amplitude of 0.240 m and a period of
1.500 s. The displacement of the box is +0.240 m when t=0. Compute (a) the displacement of the
box when t=0.500 s; (b) the magnitude and direction of the force acting on the box when t=0.500
s; (c) the minimum time required for the box to move from its initial position to the point where
x=-0.180 m; (d) the speed of the box when x=-0.180 m.

9. [10 Points] A transverse wave on a string have wave speed 8.00 m/s, amplitude 0.070 m, and
wavelength 0.320 m. The wave travels in the -x direction, and at t=0 the x=0 end of the string has
its maximum upward displacement. (a) Find the frequency and period of the wave. (b) Write a
wave function describing the wave. (c) Find the transverse displacement of a particle at x=0.360 m
at time t=0.150 s. (d) How much time must elapse from the instant in part (c) until the particle at
x=0.360 m next has maximum upward displacement?

10. [6 Points] A car window glass has index of refraction 1.52. In order to keep the interior of the
car cooler a plastic film with index of refraction 1.85 is put on the surface of the car window to
increase the reflectivity. (a) What minimum thickness is required if light with wavelength 550 nm in
air reflected from the two sides of the film is to interfere constructively? (b) It is found to be
difficult to manufacture and install coatings as thin as calculated in part (a). What is the next
greatest thickness for which there will also be constructive interference?

11. [4 Points] A converging lens 7.20 cm in diameter has a focal length of 300 mm. If the resolution
is diffraction limited, how far away can an object be if points on it 4.00 mm apart are to be
resolved according to Rayleigh’s criterion? Use λ=550 nm.