var y 18C853 ~eoe & t CMR ith Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2022 eee, Database Management System ime: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100 Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question fromveach module. $ Module-1 £ 1 a. Discuss the advantages of using the DBMS approach (06 Marks) = b. Explain three-schema architecture with a neat diagram. Why.do'we need mapping between # schema levels? (06 Marks) z c. Explain the component modules of DBMS and their interaction with the help of a diagram. g (08 Marks) OR 2 «2a. Define the following terms: & ()_ Weak entity (ii) DBMS catalog (ii) Snapshot e (iv) Value sets (v) Cardinality ratio, (vi) Degree ofa relationship (06 Marks) g b. Explain the different categories of data models. (06 Marks) eo c. Write theER diagram for an employee database. The constraints are as follows: § ()_ Anemployee works for a department (ii) Every department is headed by.a manager (iii) An employee works on one ot more projects 3 (iv) An employee has dependents s (v) A department controls the projects (08 Marks) Z 2 -§ 3 a. What is meant by Integrity Constriant? Explain the importance of referential integrity 3 constraint. How referential integrity constraint is implemented in SQL. (08 Marks) . g b. Write the relational algebra operations to perform the following queries: () Retrieve the name and address of all employees who work for the “Accounts” department, (ii) Retrieve the names of,employers who have ino dependents. (iii) Finid the names of employees who work on all the projects controlled by department number 2. (06 Marks) i c. Explain the relational algebra operations from Set theory, with examples. (06 Marks) 3 OR 2 4 a. Explain the ER to'relational mappirig algorithm with suitable example for each step. (10 Marks) £4. Write the SQL Queries forthe Sllowving database schema 2 Student (USN, NAME, BRANCH, PERCENTAGE) Faculty (FID, FNAME, DEPARTMENT, DESIGNATION, SALARY) Course (CID, CNAME, FID) Enroll (CID, USN, GRADE) | (i Retrieve the names of all students enrolled for the course ‘CS_54” (ii) List all the departments having an average salary of the faculties above Rs.10,000. (ii)_List the names of the students enrolled for the course’CS_51” and having ‘B” grade. (06 Marks) c. Explain with examples in SQL: (i) INSERT command (ii) UPDATE command (04 Marks) 1of2 Download VIU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreDownload VTU Connect App Now From Google Play Store Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper 10 oP oP 18CS53 Modute-3 How are assertions and triggers defined in SQL? Explain With examples. (08 Marks) Explain stored procedures in SQL with an example. (06 Marks) List out and explain the different types of IDBC drivers (06 Marks) oR What is a three-tier architecture? What advantages it offer over single tier and two tier architectures? Give a short overview of the fiunctionality at each of the three-tier. (10 Marks) How to create views in SQL? Explain with an example. (06 Marks) What is SQLJ? How it is different from JDBC? (04 Marks) Explain an informal design guidelines for relational schema design. (08 Marks) ‘What is the need for normalization? Explain 1NF, 2NF and 3NF with examples. (08 Marks) ‘What do you understand by attribute closure? Give afilexample. (04 Marks) OR ‘What is functional dependency? Explain the inference rules for functional dependency with root CMRIT LIBRARY (08 Marks) Define 4NF. When it is violated? Why is it useful? “SanGaLone - 560 037 (06 Marks) Consider.two sets of functional dependency F = {A -» C, AC > D, E > AD, E — H} and G={A->.CD, E — AH}. Are theyequivalent? (06 Marks) Why concurrency control is needed? Demonstrate With an example, (10 Marks) Discuss the UNDO and REDO operations and the recovery techniques that use each. (06 Marks) Explain the ACID properties of a database fransiction (04 Maris) Discuss Two-Phase Locking Technique for concurrency control. (10 Marks) ‘When deadlock and starvation problem occur? Explain how these problems can be resolved. (10 Marks) seees 20f2 Download VIU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreCBCSISCHENE Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Feb./Mar. 2022 | Database Management System 18CS53 4 & ‘Module-1 £ 1 a. Listand discuss advantages wc ‘Management Syste over File Processing System. (06 Marks) i b. Explain three Schema Archie and reason for need oft mapping among schema level. ; (08 Marks) gs ©. =R diagram model with example. ia (06 Marks) is id 2 2 a. Explaincharacieridtics of the Database approach. (06 Marks) é 2 b. Discuss the different types of User friendly'interfaces. (06 Marks) 35 c. Draw an,ER@diagram for an AIRLINES database schema with atleast five entities. Also 3 § specify\primary ey and struct. (08 Marks) “~ Module-2 _ ‘ 3 a. Whatare the basic operations that can change the states of relations if thé database? Explain how the basic operations deal with constraints Violations. a (06 Marks) b. Explain the terms Super key , Ss. Primary key. > (04 Marks) c. Given the following schema emp (fname, Lnaine,, SSN , Bdate, =e SuperSSN , Dno) dept (Dname¢Dniumber , MgrSSN\ dept_loc (Dnumber , Dloc) [i project (Paine, Paumber, Plooy Pim works_on (ESSN, Pno , hours) Dependent (ESSN , dependent name, gender , bat Give the relation algebra éxpression for the following : A) “Retrieve the name of the manager of éacli'department. if)” For each projeét fetrieve the projett,number , project name and number of employee )” who worked’on that project. iii) Retrieve OF ‘names of explgyess who work on alll the project controlled by department: iv) Retriéve the name of employeds who have no dependents. v) Retrieve number of Male dnd Female employee working in the Company. _ (10 Marks) fics)" relationship) xy Tevealing of identification, appeal to evaluator and /or equat t i i i E 5 8 a g é OR 4° a. Describe the steps ote tom for ER to Rational mapping with example. _ (06 Marks) . Write command that is used for table creation. Explain how constraints are specified in SQL during table credtion, with suitable example. (04 Marks) lof3 Download VIU Connect App Now From Googie Play Store< 18CS53 ¢. Given the following schema ey Emp (Fname, Lname , SSN , bdate , address, gender, sality’, superSSN , dno) dept (daame , dnumber, mgrSSN, mgrstartdate) dept_loc (dnumber, dloc) project (Pname, Pnumber, Ploc , num) works_on (ESSN, Pno, hours) dependent (ESSN , dependent_name, seni te, relationship) Give the relation algebra expression forthe TUllowing : i) Retrieve the name and address of a i'émployees who work for ‘sports’ department. ii) Retrieve each department nunabér?number of employers.and their average salary. List the project number, coftrolling department number arid department manager's last name , address and birthdate} © iv) Retrieve the name of employees with 2 or more dependents. v) _ List female employees from dno = 20 earning more than 50000. (0 Marks) 5 a. Define Database-Stofed procedure. Explain cfeating and calling stored procedure with example, (06 Marks) b. What is SQL and how is it different froti JDBC? (06 Marks) c. Consider.the following schema : Sailors (Sid; Sname , rating , age). Boats (bid;'bname, color) Reservers (Sid , bid , day) Write queries in SQL i) Find the ages of sailor, wyhow name esi tends with A ofl Has atleast three + characters. ii) Find the age of the” congas! sailor ‘eligible to vote (Levis atleast 18 years old) for each rating level with atleast ‘sailors. iii) Find the nathes of sailors who ved a red’ boat: (use nested query). iv) Computesincréments for the rating’Of persons who have 'Sailed two different boats on the same day. NN) a (08 Marks) - or 6 a. WhatisiCGI? Why was;CGVintroduced? What are the disadvantages of an architecture using CGI script? (06 Marks) «What is Dynamic SQL ‘an how i is it differdft ffom embedded SQL? Explain, (06 Marks) ‘Consider the following’schema : * «Sailors (Sid, Sma fing , age) Boats (bid, bname, color) Reserves (Sich bid, day) Write queriesjin SQL. i) Find the names of sajlors‘who have reserved at least one boat. ii) Find sailors whose sating is better than some sailors called ‘Jennifer’. (Use nested query) iii) Find the average 3 of sailor for each rating level that at least two sailor. iv) Find the name and age of the oldest sailor. (08 Marks) Module-4 7 a Which normal form is based on 6 transitive functional dependencies and full functional dependericy? Explain the same with example. (08 Marks) a5 20f3 Download VTU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreDownload VIU Connect App Now From Google Play Store Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper 10 18CS53 A relation R satisfies the following: FDS : A+C))AC-+D , EAD , E>. Find the cover for this set of FDS. (06 Marks) Consider the universal relation: R = {A, B, C, DyE, F, G, H, I, J} and the set of functional dependencies. F= {AB C, ADE, BF ,F > GH, D>}. Determine whether each decomposition has the loss less join property with respect to F. Di = {Ri,R2, Rs}; Ri= {A, B,C, D, E} 9; R= {B, F,G,H} 5° R3= {D, 1, J}. (06 Marks) OR Write an algorithm to check whether decomposed relations are in 3NF with dependency preservation and non ~ additive, join property. Consider universal relation R = (U, C, L, A) and the set of functional dependencies. F = {P > LCA, LC + AP , A -> C}. Decompose the relation R into 3NF with dependency preservation’and non — additive join property. (06 Marks) Define Normal Form. Explain INF, 2NF and 3NF with suitable examples for each. (08 Marks) Consider two set of fiunctional dependencies F = {A > C, AC->D, E- AD, EH} and G= (ACD, E-> AH}. Are they equivalent? (06 Marks) ~ CMR ¥ Médule-5 BANGALORE - 560037 What are the anomalies occur due ‘to interleave execution? Explain them with example. (08 Marks) Explain different types of locks uséd in concurrency control. (06 Marks) Explain how shadow paging helps to recover from transaction failure (06 Marks) OR. Explain ACID property of transaction and:system log (06 Marks) When deadlock and starvation problem. occurs? Explain how these problems can be resolved. o* (06 Marks) Explain ARIES:récovery algorithm with example. (08 Marks) 30f3 Download VIU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreDownload VIU Connect App Now From Google Play Store Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper “ CBESISCHENE om CHE x 170853 Si) 3) ifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2022 D\_ CMR /, Database Management’System Se So rs, { Max. Marks: 100 Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, chodsing ONE full question fromeach module. g Modiuile-1 {1 & Witha neat block diagram, explain the architecture ofa types! DBMS (08 Marks) i b. Define the following terms: ¢ E (Data Model o Schema construct (iii) Instance q (iv) Canned Transaction) “(v) Meta Data - (05 Marks) z c. Illustrate Data Independence, Hiiplain the types of data idflependence. (07 Marks) : : 3 OR 2 2 a Explain the different types of end users in DBMS. (04 Marks) b. Compare the Specialization and Generalization with an example. (06 Marks) c. Define attribute’and explain the types of aitributes with an example to each. (10 Marks) Module-2 3 a. Explat the steps to convert the baGic.ER model to relational database scheme with suitable ‘example for each. (10 Marks) ». Consider the following schema fo'a Company databie? EMPLOYEE (NAME , SSN , ADDRESS , SEX ; SALARY, DNO, SUPERSSN, SALARY) DEPARTMENT (DNAME ; DNO , MGRSSN., MGR_START_DATE) PROJECT (PNAME, PNO, PLOCATION, DNO) WORKS ON (SSN, PNO, HOURS) DEPENDENT (SSN, DEPENDENT_NAME, SEX, BDATEs RELATIONSHIP) Give the relational;algebra expression for the following : i) Retrieve the.hame of the manager who have more than two dependents. ii) Find thename of employees who work on all projects controlled by department 5. iii) Retrieve the names of employees of all employees who do not have dependent. iv) Retrieve the names of employees who gets the second highest salary. ¥)_ Retrieve the name of'employee who do.not have a supervisor. (10 Marks) , Y OR,” 4 & Discuss the various Se theory operation.used in relational algebra with an example. (10 Marks) b. Explain the entity integrity and:eferential integrity constraint. Why each is considered important, Give example, (0S Marks) c. Consider the two tables. Apply the LEFT and RIGHT OUTER JOIN operation show the result for Ty Dac and Ti Dt crig=nwT. 2. Any revealing of identification, appeal to evaluator and /or equations writen eg, 42+8 Important Note : 1. On completing your answers, compulsorily draw diagonal cross lines on the remaining blank pages. Te R A[ BIC < 5 10[ B | 6 8 2 | ¢ | 3 6 lol B |S (05 Marks) 1 of2 Download VIU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreDownload VIU Connect App Now From Google Play Store Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper 5 10 a oP oP 17853 Module. Consider the following schema for a Library Database : Book (Book id , Title, Publisher_Name, Pub_year) Book_Authors (Book id , Author Name) PUBLISHER (Name, Address, Phone) “ay Book_COPIES (Book id , Branch_id , No_of_copiés\) » Book_LENDING (Book_id , Branch_id , Card No’ Date_out, Due_Date) LIBRARY_BRANCH (Branch_id , Branch_Name, Address) Write SQL Queries to : (i Retrieve he details of all books in the library with library_id, tittle, Name of publisher, author, Number of copies in each branch ete. (ii) Get the particulars of borrower who have borrowed more than 3 ‘Books, but from Jan 2017 to June 2017. {Hours} SSN ~ {EName} PNumber -> {PName , PLocation} Normalize the above relation into 2NF. (10 Marks) Explain Multivalued dependency and. foot normal form, with an example. (10 Marks) . Consider the relation schema R= {A,B, C, D, E}. Suppose the following dependencies hold : {E>A,CD-»E,A->BC,B->D} State whether the following decomposition of R are lossless join decomposition or not , Justify. . i) {(A,B,C),(A,D,B)} ii) {(A,B)C),(C,D,E)}. (10 Marks) Explain why a transaction execution should be atomic. Explain ACID properties by considering the following transaction : TI : read (A); As=A-505 a write (A) ; read (B) sist B:=B+50; ast" write (B). cpm (10 Marks) ... Explain the Database Recovery techniques. ee (10 Marks) OR Draw a stat@ diagram and discuss, the typical states that a transaction goes through during execution. (10 Marks) . With an algorithm , explain two phase locking. (10 Marks) 20f2 Download VTU Connect App Now From Google Play Store‘50, will be treated as malpractice. i : j : E i Download VTU Connect App Now From Googie Play Store Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper 5 CBCS SCH ENE | 15C$53 a. b. b. ) Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Feb./Mar. 2022 Database Management Systems Max. Marks: 80 Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question from’each module. Module-1 Describe the various advantages of using the DBMS approach, (08 Marks) . Describe the three schema architecture. Why do we need mappings among schema level? How do different schema definition languages support this architecture? (08 Marks) OR Describe the component fodulus of a DBMS and their.interactions with block diagram, (08 Marks) What is the significance of role names in the relationship? In what situation role names are essential? Explain with example. (08 Marks) Module-2 Describe the thfee main categories of constraints on database. Explain with example. 4 (08 Marks) Briefly describe the steps involved/in ER = to relational mapping algorithm. (08 Marks) OR Describe the characteristics of Relations with examples) (08 Marks) Consider the following COMPANY relational schema as shown below: EMPLOYEE (Ename, SSn,, Sex, Salary , Super_SSn , Dno) DEPARTMETN (Dname , Dnumber , Mgr (Sn) DEPT_LOCATIONS (Dnumber, i PROJECT (Pnamé, Prumber, Plocations,Daum) WORKS_ON(ESSn, Pno, Hours) ce DEPEDENT (ESSn , Dependent_name, Sex, Relationship) Give expression in relational algebra for each of the following queries. i) Makeva list of project numbers for project that involve an employee whose last name is “Smith”, either as a worker’or as a manager of the department that controls the project. ii) Find the names of employees who work on all the projects controlled by department number 5. iii) Retrieve the names of employees who have no dependents. iv) List the names of managers who have atleast one dependent. (08 Marks) ‘Modute-3 Consider the COMPANY relation schema given in Q.No. 4(b). give an expression in SQL for each of the following queries : i) Retrieve the department name and number located in every locations in which ‘Research’ department is located. ii) For each department that has more than five employees, retrieve the department number and number of eroployees who are making more than Rs 27000. iii) List the names of Managers who have atleast one dependent. iv) Retrieve the names of each employee who has a dependent with the same first name and same sex as'the employees. (08 Marks) . Describe how constraints can be specified as Assertions and Actions as Triggers in SQL. (08 Marks) 1of2 Download VTU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreDownload VTU Connect App Now From Googie Play Store Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper 10 15CS53 OR Explain the impedance mismatch between host language and SQL and describe how cursors address this. (08 Marks) Why are stored procedures important? How do wé declare stored procedure and how are they called from application code? (08 Marks) He-4 Explain Second and Third normal forms with examples. How BCNF is stronger than 3NF? Explain. (08 Marks) Write the algorithm for finding a key K for R given a set of fimétional dependencies F. Consider R(A, B, C, D, E) witha set of FD’s A> BC, BC+ AD , D> E. Find key for R and state its highest normal form. Give Reasons. (08 Marks) oR Explain informal desigh guidelines for relation schema. Give example. (08 Marks) Let R= {SSn , Endime, Pnumber, Pname, Plocation, Hours} and D = {Rj, Rs, Ra}. Where R,=EMP = {SSm, name}, R2=PROJ=4Pnmber, Pname , Plocation} R3 = WORKS_ON = {SSn, Pnumber , Hours} The following functional dependencies hold on R F = {SSm> Ename , Pnumber —» {Pname, Plocation}. , {SSn, Pnumber} —» Hours}. Prove that the above decomposition of relation R has lossless join property. (08 Marks) Modulle-5 Explain the problems that Occur when concurrent execution is uncontrolled. Give example . (08 Marks) Describe transaction support in SQL. Give example. CMRI LIBRARY (08 Marks) 5 BAMEBLORE - 560 047 Describe the problems of deadlock and starvation and the'different approaches to dealing with these problems. Explain with example. (08 Marks) Discuss the “immediate update*recovery techniques in both single — user and multiuser environments. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this recovery techniques? (08 Marks) 2o0f2 Download VIU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreDownload VTU Connect App Now From Google Play Store Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper 10CS54 mester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2022 Database Management Systems (Max. Marks:100 Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, selecting atleast TWO questions from each part. PART-A 1 a, Discuss the main characteristics of the database approach. How does it differ from traditional file systems? (10 Marks) b. Describe the three schemevarchitecture with block diagrams. Why do we need mapping between scheme levels? (10 Marks) 2 a, Write the ER diagram for an employee database. The constraints are as follows: i) An employee works for a department ii) Every departinent is headed by a manager iii) An employee works on one or more projects iv) An employee has dependents 9, v) Adepartment controls the projects, (2 Marks) b. List the summary of the notations for E-R diagram and their meanings. (08 Marks) 3. a. Write the relational algebra operations to perform the following queries: i) Retrieve the name and address of all employees who work for the ‘Research’ department. ii) List the names of managers who have at least one dependent, iii) Find the names of employees who workon all the projects controlled by department number 5. "7 (12 Marks) b. Explain the relational algebra operations from set theory, with éxamples. (08 Marks) 4 a. Consider the following schema and write the SQL Queries: EMP (SSN, NAME, ADDR, SALARY, SEX, DNo), DEP (DNo, DNAME, MGRSSN) DEP_LOCN (DNo, DLOCN) PROJ (PNo, PNAME, PLOCN, DNo) WORKSON (SSN, PNo, NoHRS) DEPENDENT (SSN, DEPNTNAME, DEPNTSEX, DEPNTRELATIONSHIP) i) Retrieve the names of all employees who have no dependents. ii) List the names of each employee who works on all the projects controlled by department No.5. iii) Retrieve the social security numbers of all employees who work on project numbers 1, 2,3 0r4. iv) Retrieve the total nufnber of employees and the number of employees in the ‘Research’ department. ¥) For each project, rétrieve the project number, the project name, the number of employees who work on that project. (12 Marks) b. Explain the different constraints that can be applied during table creation in SQL, with a suitable example. (08 Marks) 1 of2 Download VIU Connect App Now From Google Play StoreDownload VIU Connect App Now From Google Play Store ge oe re PART-B Go Digital, Go Green, Save Paper 10CS54 How is view created ahd dropped? What problenis are associated with updating views? How are triggers and assertions defined in SQL? Explain. List the differences between independent nested and co-related nested query. Define the INF, 2NF and 3NF with’a suitable example for each. . Discuss insertion, deletion and miodification anomalies. Illustrate with examples. Write the algorithm for testing non-additive join propérty: . Explain the 4NF with 4 suitable example. CMRIT LIBRAKY BANGALORE - 560 037, ‘What are ACID properties? Explain. What is a schedule? Explain with example coaflict serializable schedule. Explain the three phases of the ARIES recovery model. Ree 2of2 (08 Marks) (08 Marks) (04 Marks) (12 Marks) (08 Marks) (10 Marks) (10 Marks) (04 Marks) (08 Marks) (08 Marks)‘Fime: hrs. x Ce Marks: 100 Note: Answer any FIVE full questions/@lgctng aleast TWO questions from each part PART—A ” 1a. Discuss the main characteristics/6f database approach and iow it differs from traditional file system, aa (8 Marks) ». With a neat diagram, eplain Three Schema Architéctue (08 Marks) cc. What are the responsibilities of a Database Adminjstration (DBA)? (04 Marks) 2a. Define the followifig terms with examples, i) Entity <4i) Primary key iii) Multi valued attribute iv) Cardinality ratio v) Foreisinksy. (0 Marks) b. Draw afi B.— R diagram for H Management. Assume your own entities (minimum 5 entities), attributes and relationshi fention the Car (10 Marks) 3 a. Consider the following schema fora Company databasé™: Qe Employee (Name, Ssn, Address, Bdate , Sex, Salary, Dno). Y Department (Dname, Dpumber , Mgr_Ssn , Mgr. Stirt_date) soul Dept_locations (Dnumber, Dlocation) |< ? Project (Pname , Pnumber , Plocation, oT) Ry Works_on (EssnPho, Hours) ae) Dependent (Espn, Dependent_Name, eX) Bdate, Relationship). ‘Write the queries in Relational algebratto i) Retrieye the name and address of all employees whe Work for the Research department. ii) Find the names of the employees who work on all projects controlled by dept_number 5. iii) For every project located in Stafford , list the project number, the controlling department number and the department Managers name, address and birth date, iy) Retrieve the names of etiployees who have Ro dependent. (08 Maris be “Discuss the followingxelational algebra operitions with example for each : i) JOIN iJ/*SBLECT ii) UNION iv) PROJECT. (12 Marks) 4 & Consider the llowing relationy fora database that keeps track of business trips of sales persons in’ Sales office SAILORS (Sid, Sname, Rating Age) BOATS (Bid , Bname , Colour) RESERVES (Sid, Bid , Day) Specify the following queries in SQL Find the names of Sailors who have reserved red boat i) Find the namtes of Sailor who have reserved a red or a green boat. ) Find the name 6f Sailors who have all boats called Inter lake. (12 Marks) b. What are the different Aggregate functions in SQL? Explain with example. (08 Marks) ‘Download VIU Connect App Now From Google Play Store 1of2 Download VIU Connect App Now From GaigWBiBital SéarGeeén, Save Paper 1 gogg4 PART—B. i 12 Marks) ‘a. Explain Insert, Delete and Update statements in SQL with examples. = b. Explainthe following : i) Views ilJ>Embedded SQL. A (08 Marks) a. Explain Informal design guidelines fonrelation schemas. (08 Marks) b. Explain the First , Second and Third, Nofmal Forms with examples. (12 Marks) i it Le. (10 Marks) a. Explain Multivalued dependencies and Fourth Normal Forni @NF) with examp b. Explain i) Inclusion dependengies ii) Domain key normal forms. (10 Marks) ies % (10 Marks) Explain the ACID properties. ( b. Briefly discuss ca the Spins locking protocol ued in Concurrency control, (10 Marks) . } LIBRARY 510 037Re re ee ae ee ee NS VCS Ne ee Fee ee ee ©. ww See 10CS54 eos ster B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2021 Max. Marks:100 Discuss any six advantages of DBMS ovér file systems. (06 Marks) With a neat block diagram, explain the various components of DBMS. (06 Marks) Explain the three-schema archiféctare with the help of a diagram and also explain logical data independence and physical|data independence. oa (08 Marks) Explain the following with appropriate examples: Strong and weak entity, Cardinality of relationship and their types 2 Degree of relationship and their types & Attribute types © (20 Marks) Explain Briefly the need of : Z () Primary integrity constraint Gi) Referential integrity constraint’ in relations. (Explain with appropriate examples) «5 ; (04 Marks) Explain the following with examples: a” . (i) Selection operator Sy J i) Projection operator . (ii) Union compatibility condition sting ete (06 Marks) Consider the following relation: PERSON (Dfiver ID, Driver CAR (Registfation_number, model, arid year_¢ OWNS (Driver ID, Registration_number) ACCIDENTS (Report_number, Date_of_accidenit, location of accident) PARTCIPATED (DriverID, Registration_number, Report_num) Write the Relational Algebraic expressions for.the following queries: (@ “Retrieve the Driver |ID and Registrationshumber details where the damage amount \ claimed is more:than 10,000. & (ii) List the report stumbers for accidents that took place in the year 2014. (iii) Retrieve the name person and registration number of cars not involved in accident. (iv) Retrieve the name of person not owning any cars manufiicture) “io (v) _ List thedetails of drivers aged over 18 years. (10 Marks) (i) Differentiate between where clause and HAVING clause in SQL statements. (02 Marks) Gi) Explain with example'the various types of JOIN operations. (06 Marks) ii) Explain the order ofexecution of the following SQL commands: SELECT, FROM, GROUP-BY, HAVING, WHERE, ORDER-BY (02 Marks) ». Consider the following relations for a database: DEPENDENT (ENO, DEP_NAME, DOB, RELATIONSHIP) EMP (ENO, ENAME, SAL, EMP_SUPERSSM, DNO) PROJECT (PNO, PNAME, PLOC) WORKS(ON (PNO, ENO, NUM_OF_HOURS) DEPT (DNO, DNAME, DEPT_MGR) 1of2 Download VTU Connect App Now from Google Play StoreDownload VTU Connect App Now from Google Play Store 10CS54 Write the SQL queries for retrieving: 4 (Retrieve the name and salary of manager of each Berment (i SQL query for creating WORKS_ON table\by’ specifying appropriate primary and foreign keys. & (ii) List the employees who work on the same project as that of JONES», (iv) Retrieve the employee number andname of all employees-Who" either work in department number 3 or surprise emiployees working for department number 3. (¥) List the employees who do not have any dependents. e (lo Marks) y Rew Write short notes on: “NN a. Embedded SQL b. Views ¢. Triggers and Assertions 4. Database Stored Procediires (@0 Marks) a. Explain with exampie the four informal ‘of database design for relation schemas. ¢ (06 Marks) b. Explain briefly INF, 2NF, 3NF and BCNK with example for normalizing a relation (08 Marks) ce Explain He :Six/Amstrong ‘AXIOMS wit appropriate examples. (06 Marks) 4. Consiiel the relation R(A, BEGG, Hy 1) with aCSel of functional dependencies F={A-—BC, CG >HI, BH}. ae ‘of Relation R. (06 Marks) b. Explain lossless join decomposition with rithm. = (06 Marks) ©. Explain briefly: Ry ) (@ Malti-valued dependency and 4NF Ss (i) JOIN dependency and 5 NF. en, LIBRARY (08 Marks) use 560.037 a. Explain the ACID properties of trans (06 Marks) b. List the problems associated with cont transactions and cxphin the temporary update problem by considering an appropriateschedule, (06 Marks) c. Explain the ARIES Recovery Algorithm. (08 Marks) & 2of2 Download VTU Connect App Now from Google Play Storei z & 50, wi z E ion ep, 4248 2. Any revealing of identification, appeal to evaluator and /or equations w' Important Note : 1, On ve “SSE L | | ] LU 18CS53 ifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2021 Database Management Systems Max. Marks: 100 Note: Answer any FIVE full questions. List and briefly explain the characteristics of database approach. (08 Marks) Define a data model. Discuss the main categories of data model with examples. (08 Marks) Explain the different types of end users with examples. (04 Marks) What are the advantages of using DBMS? Briefly explain them, (08 Marks) Describe the three-schema architecture. Why do we need mapping between schema levels? (06 Marks) List and explain the different ype tars with examples. (06 Marks) Define the following with examples: (i) Super key i (ii) Candidate key ¢ (ii) Primary key (iv) Foreign key @ a) (O8 Marks) Summarize the steps involved in converting the ER constructs to relational schemas. (06 Marks) Explain the various inner join operations inrelatjonal algebra with examples. (06 Marks) o Describe the six clauses in the syntax of, Tetrieval query. (06 Marks) How the aggregate functions and specified in relational model? Explain. (06 Marks) Consider the following schemas : SAILOR (SID, SNAME, RATING, BOAT (BID, BNAME, COLOR) | RESERVE (SID, BID, DAY) Specify the following queries in relational algebra (i) Retrieve the sailor names that have reserved red and green boats. (i) Retrieve the colors of boats reserved by Raj. (iii) Retrieve the SIDs of sailors with age over 20, who have not reserved a red boat (iv) _ Retrieve the names of sailors who have reserved all boats. (08 Marks) Explain the schema change statements in SQL with examples (06 Marks) What are views? Explain the specification and implementation of views in SQL. (08 Marks) Describe the concept of cursor and how it is used in embedded SQL. (06 Marks) With a neat diagram, explain the Three-Tier architecture and the techno’ logy relevant to cach tier. What are the advantages of Three-Tier architecture? (08 Marks) How are triggers and assertions specified in SQL? Explain with examples. (06 Marks) What is dynamie SQL? How it differs from embedded SQL? (06 Marks) lof2 Download VTU Connect App Now from Google Play StoreDownload VTU Connect App Now from Google Play Store 18CS53 Discuss the informal design guidelines for relation schemas with examples (08 Marks) Explain first, second and third normal forms with examples. (06 Marks) What is functional dependency? Write an algorithm to find a minimal cover for a set of functional dependencies. (06 Marks) Which normal form is based on the concept of transitive functional dependency? Explain the same with an example (06 Marks) State and prove the inference rules for functional dependencies. (06 Marks) Define multivalued dependency. Explain 4NF with examples. (08 Marks) What are the anomalies duc to interleaved execution of transactions? Explain with examples. (08 Marks) Define locking protocol. Describe the strict Two Phase Locking (2PL) protocol. (06 Marks) Explain the three phases of the ARIES recovery technique. (06 Marks) With a neat diagram, explain the typical states that a transaction goes through during execution. (08 Marks) Discuss the problems of ind the different approaches to dealing with these problems. (06 Marks) Illustrate with precedence graph, which of the following schedules is conflict serializable: )-Ri(X) ; R(X); Wi (il) Ra(X) : Ra(X); Ws (06 Marks) 2of2a %, igon-—~ SY uss at ok A (wees is wes $ Son 4, et Se 2 z 1 oa é b 8 & 3 g gs f= 2a #2 b Be ° Eg #2 3a ce B sf a a3 Bg 4a 2 ee a5 iL a £3 5 a Le oo b. ©. be ee 6 a 83 =" b. 2 : Ta & 3 b. Download VTU Connect App Now from Google Play Store aay CBCSISCHEME | 170853 ) Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 2021 Si Database Management System v3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100 Note: Answer any FIVE full questions. Define DBMS, Discuss the advantages of DBMS over traditional file system. (06 Marks) Whaat are the responsibilities of DBA and Database Designers? (04 Marks) With an aid of a neat diagram, describe a Three — Schema Architecture and Data Independence (10 Marks) What are Structural constraints on a relation type? Explain with examples, (05 Marks) What is a Weak Entity type? Explainthe role of partial key in design of weak entity type (05 Marks) Design an ERC.DRM UNIVERSITY database schema and indicate all key and cardinality constraints (10 Marks) ly List and explain characteristics of Relations. (05 Marks) List Set theory operations usgdin relational dats model, Explain any two with examples (05 Marks) erations on relational database. Show an in each of the update operations. (10 Marks) Briefly discuss the different type of Update example of a violation of the referential inte; Explain the following $QI Give their syntax and atle Write the SQL statement i) Show the resulting sa given a 10% raise ii) Retrieve all employees in qn salary is between $ 30,000 and $ 40,000. iii) Retrieve the name and address of all employees who work for the ‘Research’ department. (06 Marks) , INSERT , SELECT and UPDATE. (14 Marks) s working on the ‘Product X" project is Explain how the group by clause works, What is the difference between the WHERE and HAVING clause? (05 Marks) What is a View? Explain how view’s are created and dropped. (05 Marks) Explain with an example constraints as Assertions and Actions as trigger. (10 Marks) What is a CURSOR? Explain with example, retrieving multiple tuples with embedded SQL. (10 Marks) Explain the concept of Create, Passing parameter, Call stored procedure from JDBC. (10 Marks) Briefly explain the informal design guidelines used as measure to determine the quality of relations schema design (08 Marks) Define the INF, 2NF and 3NF with a suitable example for each, (12 Marks) 1of2 Download VTU Connect App Now from Google Play StoreDownload VTU Connect App Now from Google Play Store 17CS53 8 a. Writean Algorithm to find a minimal cover for a set of functional dependencies. (06 Marks) b. Find the minimal cover of G : The given set of FDs be G : {A > BCDE, CD > E} (04 Marks) c. Define Multi — valued dependency. Explain 4NF with an example. (10 Marks) 9 a Discuss ACID properties of'a database transaction. (04 Marks) b. Explain the following with suitable example i) The lost update problem ii) ‘The Temporary update (dirty read) problem. (06 Marks) c. What is Schedule? Explain Conflict Serialization schedule with example. (10 Marks) 10 Briefly explain the two phase locking protocol used in concurrency control. (10 Marks) b. Explain the following with an example i) NO-UNDO/REDO Recovery based on deferred update ii) Shadow paging, (10 Marks) bo, 2of2 Download VTU Connect App Now from Google Play Store