Name ……………………………………………………………………………………….

SCHOOL ………………………………………………………………………………….
P525/1
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
August, 2024
𝟑
𝟐 𝟒hours.

NATIONAL EDUCATION RESEARCH & EXAMINATIONS BUREAU

UACE NEREB NATIONAL MOCKS 2024

CHEMISTRY
(Principal Subject)
Paper 1
2 hours 45 minutes.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
 Answer ALL questions in part A and Six questions from part B.
 All questions are to be answered in the spaces provided.
 The Periodic Table with relative atomic masses is provided at the back.

For Examiner’s Use Only

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Total

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 PART A (46 MARKS)
Attempt all questions in this section
1. (a) State how in a mass spectrometer;
(i) Positive ions are formed. (1 mark)

(ii) Peaks are obtained. (1 mark)

(b) Bromine has two isotopes 79𝐵𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑑 81𝐵𝑟 and the mass spectrum shows peaks at
m
/e of 158, 160 and 162.
Write the formulae of the ions corresponding with the peaks. (1 ½ mark)
Peak of m/e Formula of ion
158
160
162

(c) Calculate the percentage abundance of 79𝐵𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑑 81𝐵𝑟

(The relative atomic mass of bromine in 79.91) (2 marks)

2. (a) A synthetic polymer has the structure

C CH CH2
CH2
n
C
l
Name;
(i) the monomer used to make the polymer. (1 mark)

(ii) the process leading to the formation of the polymer. (1 mark)

2
 (b) The osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution of 6.2b % polymer at 23oC is
0.43mm Hg.
Calculate the value of n. (2½ marks)

(c) Explain why the freezing point depression method is not suitable for determination
of the relative molecular mass of polymers. (1 ½ marks)

(d) State one use of the polymer in (a). ( ½ mark)

3. State conditions and write equation for the reaction between carbon and
(i) water (2 ½ marks)

(ii) nitric acid (2 ½ marks)

4. The standard enthalpy change of formation of tin(IV) chloride is -508 KJmol-1. The
standard enthalpy changes of atomization of tin and chloride are +301 and +121
KJmol-1
respectively.
(a) Use the above data to construct a Born-Haber cycle for formation of tin(IV)
chloride.
(3 marks)

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 (b) Calculate the average bond energy of the Sn-Cl bond. (2 marks)

5. Name the following complex ions and in each case state the coordination number and
oxidation state of the central metal atom. (6 marks)

Complex ion Name Oxidation Co-ordination

state number
𝐴𝑔(𝑁𝐻3 )+
2

𝐹𝑒(𝑂𝐻)2 (𝐻2 𝑂)+

4

𝐶𝑜𝐶𝑙42−

6. Explain the following observations.

(a) The solubility of lead(II) halides increases in the order
𝑃𝑏𝐼2 < 𝑃𝑏𝐵𝑟2 < 𝑃𝑏𝐶𝑙2 (3 marks)

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 (b) A 0.01M aqueous solution of sodium chloride has the same freezing point as a
0.02M
aqueous solution of glucose. (2 marks)

7. Write equations to show how the following conversions can be effected.

(a) phenylamine from hydroxybenzene. (2 ½ marks)

(b) Phenylhydrazine from phenylamine. (2 marks)

8. Potassium chromate solution was added to barium chloride solution followed by

dilute nitric acid dropwise until in excess.
(i) State what was observed. (1 mark)

(ii) Write equation(s) for the reaction(s) that took place. (3 marks)

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9. Reduction potentials for some halfcell reactions are given below.
4+ 2+
𝑆𝑛(𝑎𝑞) + 2𝑒 − → 𝑆𝑛(𝑎𝑞) + 0.15𝑣
+ 2+
𝑃𝑏𝑂2(𝑠) + 4𝐻(𝑎𝑞) + 2𝑒 − → 𝑃𝑏(𝑎𝑞) + 2𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) + 1.46𝑣
(a) Write the overall equation for the cell reaction that occurs when the half cells are
combined.
(1 ½ mark)

(b) (i) Calculate cubs free energy for the cell reaction
(Faraday’s constant = 96500c) (2 marks)

(ii) State whether the cell reaction is feasible or not and give reason for your
answer.
(1 mark)

SECTION B: (54 MARKS)

Attempt only six questions in this section
10. (a) State what would be observed and write equation(s) for the reaction(s) that would
take place if:
(i) A mixture of ethanol and propanoic acid containing a few drops of
concentrated
sulpuric acid is heated and the hot contents poured into a beaker of cold water.
(2 ½ marks)
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 (ii) Dilute sulphuric acid is added to aqueous solution of potassium
manganate(VI).
(3 marks)

(b) Write the mechanism for the reaction in a(i) (3 ½ marks)

11. An organic compound W contains 22.8% N, 28% O 8.5% H and the rest Carbon.
(a) Calculate the empirical formula of W. (2 ½ marks)

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 (b) 0.5g of W dissolved in 80g of water forming a solution that freezes at – 0.197oC.
Calculate
the molecular formula of W.
(Cryoscopic constant for water = 1.86oC Mol-1 per 1000g of water) (3 ½ marks)

(c) When W was refluxed with potassium hydroxide, ethanoic acid and ammonia
was produced.
(i) identify W (1 mark)

(ii) Write equations to show how W is obtained from a carbonyl compound.

(2 marks)

14. Successive ionization energies (KJMol-1) for some elements in period 3 of the
periodic table are
shown in the table below.
Element (atomic Ionisation energy
st nd
number) 1 2 3rd 4th 5th
Si (14) 787 1577 3230 4355 16,090
P (15) 1060 1896 2908 4954 6272
S (16) 1000 2258 3381 4565 6995

(a) State and explain the general trend in successive ionization energies. (3 marks)

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 (b) Explain why the;
(i) first ionization for sulphur is less than that of phosphorus. (3 marks)

(ii) third ionization energy of phosphorus is less than that of silicon. (3 marks)

13. (a) Calcium sulphate is sparingly soluble in water.

Write
(i) equation for the solubility of calcium sulphate in water. (1 ½ mark)

(ii) the expression for the solubility product of calcium sulphate. ( ½ mark)

(b) The molar conductivity of calcium chloride sodium phosphate and sodium
chloride at infinite
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dilution at 25oC are 271.8, 390.3 and 126.5 Ω−1 𝐶𝑀 2 𝑀𝑜𝑙 −1 respectively. Calculate
the;
(i) Molar conductivity of calcium phosphate at infinite dilution at 25oC. (2 marks)

(ii) Solubility product of calcium phosphate at 25oC. (electrolytic conductivity of

calcium phosphate is 1.31 x 10-2Ω-1Cm-1) (3 ½ marks)

(c) State what would happen to the solubility of calcium phosphate when
phosphoric(V) acid is
added to its saturated solution. Give a reason for your answer. (1 ½ marks)

14. (a) Explain why transaction elements commonly act as catalysts. (2 marks)

(b) In each case write equation for the reaction catalysed by the following
substances.
(i) Finely divided Iron (1 ½ mark)

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 (ii) Vanadium(V) oxide (1 ½ marks)

(iii) Manganese(II) ions (1 ½ marks)

(c) Explain the action of a positive catalyst. (2 ½ marks)

15. (a) Explain what is meant by the term azeotropic mixture. (1 mark)

(b) The boiling points and mole fractions of methanol in the liquid mixture and in the
vapour above the mixture methanol and cyclohexane are given below.

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 Boiling point of Mole fraction of Mole fraction of
mixture (oC) CH3OH in liquid methanol in the
mixture vapour above mixture
70 0.12 0.27
60 0.31 0.47
55 0.50 0.56
57 0.82 0.69
61 0.94 0.83

(i) Use the data to plot a boiling point composition diagram for solutions of
cyclohexane in methanol.
(Boiling points of pure cyclohexane and methanol are 81oC and 65oC
respectively) (3 marks)

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 (ii) Use your graph to determine composition of the azeotropic mixture and
azeotropic temperature. (2 marks)

(c) (i) state the type of deviation from Raoults law of cyclohexane and methanol.
(1 mark)

(ii) Explain your answer in (i) (2 marks)

16. 30cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon Z was exploded with 200cm3 of oxygen, which was
in excess. The residual gas volume found to 155cm3 on cooling to room temperature.
(a) (i) Write the general equation for the reaction between Z and oxygen. (1 ½ mark)

(ii) Calculate the molecular formula of Z. (2½

marks)

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 (b) When Z was treated with ammoniacal silver nitrate solution, a white precipitate
was formed.
(i) Identify Z (1 mark)

(ii) Write equation for the formation of a white precipitate. (1 ½ mark)

(c) Z was reacted with water in the presence of dilute sulphuric and miraculous
sulphate at 60oC.
Write equation for reaction and the accepted mechanism. (2½
marks)

17. (a) (i) Write the name and formula of the ore of Zinc. (1 mark)

(ii) Briefly describe how pure Zinc can be obtained from the ore you have named
in (i) (3 marks)

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 (b) 3.0g and Zinc ore was dissolved in excess concentrated ammonia and the solution
was made upto 500cm3. The resultant solution was shaken with carbon
tetrachloride and left
to stand. 25cm3 of the organic layer required 12.50cm3 of 0.025m
hydrochloric acid for complete neutralization. 12.5cm3 of the aqueous layer was
neutralized by 20.0cm3 of 0.25M hydrochloric acid.
Calculate the percentage of Zinc in the ore.
[The partition coefficient of ammonia between carbon tetrachloride and
water = 0.04] (4 marks)

(c) State one application of Zinc. (1 mark)

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