VELAMMAL VIDYALAYA- PARUTHIPATTU

CLASS: 12 WORKSHEET- RAY OPTICS AND SUBJECT: PHYSICS

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS:

1. The direction of ray of light incident on a concave mirror is shown by PQ while
directions in which the ray would travel after reflection is shown by four
rays marked 1, 2, 3 and 4(figure). Which of the four rays correctly shows the
direction of reflected ray?

(a)1
(b)2
(c)3
(d)4

2. Relation between focal length (f) and curvature (R) of a radius of a spherical
mirror is
(a) R= f/2 (b) f= 3R (c)f= R/2 (d)f= R/4

3. An object 2 cm high is placed at a distance of 16 cm from a concave mirror,

which produces a real image 3 cm high. What is the focal length of the mirror?
(a)-9.6 cm
(b)-3.6 cm
(c)-6.3 cm
(d)-8.3 cm

4. Ray of light transmitted from glass (n = 3/2) to water (n= 4/3). What is the
value of critical angle?
5. A ray of light strikes a transparent rectangular slab of refractive index √2 at
an angle of incidence 450
. The angle between reflected and refracted ray is
(a)750
(b)900
(c)1050
(d)1200

6. For the refraction shown below the correct relation is

7. A magician during a show makes a glass lens with n = 1.47 disappear in a

trough of liquid. Refractive index of the liquid is
(a) 1.47 (b) 1.33 (c) 4/3 (d)12/5

8. Two thin lenses are in contact and that combination has 15 cm focal length.
If one lens has focal length 30 cm, then what is the second lens focal length?
(a) 15 cm (b) 25 cm (c) 20 cm (d) 30 cm

9. A plot of angle of deviation D versus angle of incidence for a triangular

prism is shown below. The angle of incidence for which the light ray travels
parallel to the base is
(a) 300
(b) 600
(c) 450

(d) Data insufficient

10. Biconcave lens of power P vertically splits into two identical plano-concave
parts. The power of each will be
(a)2P (b)P/2 (c)P (d)P/√2

2 MARK QUESTIONS:
1. Draw a ray diagram to show image. Formation when the concave mirror
produces a real, inverted and magnified image of the object.

2. A biconvex lens made of a transparent material of refractive index 1.25 is

immersed in water of refractive index 1.33. Will the lens behave as a
converging or a diverging lens? Give reason.

3. Explain two advantages of a reflecting telescope over a refracting telescope.

4. A candle flame is held 3 cm away from concave mirror of radius of

curvature 24 cm. Where is the image formed? What is the nature of the image?

5. Light from a point source in air falls on a spherical glass surface (n = 1.5
and radius of curvature 20 cm). The distance of the light source from the glass
surface is 100 cm. At what position the image is formed?

6. Two thin lenses are in contact and the focal length of the combination is
80 cm. If the focal length of one lens is 20 cm, then what would be the power
of the other lens?

7. A telescope consists of two lenses of focal lengths 20 cm and 5 cm. Obtain

its magnifying power when the final image is (i)at infinity (ii)at 25 cm from the
lenses of eye.

8. Find the radius of curvature of the convex surface of a plano-convex lens,

whose focal length is 0.3 m and the refractive index of the material of the lens
is 1.5.
9. A ray of light is incident at an angle of 60° on one face of a rectangular
glass slab of thickness 0.1 m and refractive index 1.5. Calculate the lateral
shift produced.

10. Use the mirror equation to show that an object placed between f and 2f of
a concave mirror produces a real image beyond 2f.

3 MARK QUESTIONS:

1. An object AB is kept in front of a concave mirror as shown in the figure.

i) Complete the ray diagram showing e image formation of the object.

(ii) How will the position and intensity or image be affected, if the lower half
of the mirror's reflecting surface is painted black?

2.Define power of a lens. Write its units. Deduce the relation for
two thin lenses kept in contact coaxially.

3. Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the formation of a final image by a

compound microscope at least distance of distinct vision.

4. When monochromatic light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, explain

the following, giving reasons.
(i) Is the frequency of reflected and refracted light same as the frequency of
incident light?
(ii) Does the decrease in speed imply reduction in the energy carried by the light
wave.

5. The figure shows a ray of light falling normally on the face AB of an

equilateral glass prism having refractive index 3/2, placed in water of
refractive index 4/3. Will this ray suffer total internal reflection on striking
the face AC? Justify your answer.
5 MARK QUESTIONS:

1. Three light rays, red(R), green (G) and blue (B) are incident on a right angled
prism ABC at face AB. The refractive indices of the material of the prism for
red, green and blue wavelengths are 1.39, 1.44 and 1.47 respectively. Out of
the three, which colour of ray will emerge out of face AC? Justify your answer.
Trace the path of these rays after passing through face AB.

2. (i) Draw a neat labelled ray diagram of a compound microscope. Explain

briefly its working.
(ii) Why must both the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope
have short focal lengths?

3. (a) Draw a ray diagram to show image formation when the concave mirror
produces a real, inverted and magnified image of the object.
(b) Obtain the mirror formula and write the expression for the linear
magnification.

ASSERTION AND REASONING:

1. A: plane and convex mirrors can produce real images of objects

R: a plane or convex mirror can produce a real image if the object is virtual.

2. A: the apparent depth of a tank of water decreases if viewed obliquely

R: the real depth of a tank of water decreases if viewed obliquely.

3. A: magnifying power of a simple microscope cannot be increased beyond a

limit R:
magnifying power is inversely proportional to focal length and there are some
practical difficulty of grinding, aberrations etc. because of which focal length
cannot be decreases below a limit.

4. A: a reflecting type of telescope is preferred over refracting type in

astronomy
R: a reflecting type of telescope is free from chromatic and spherical aberration.

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS:

1. If a beam of white light is made to fall on one face of prism the light emerging
from the other face of the prism consist of seven colours violet, indigo, blue,
green, yellow, orange, red. The phenomenon of splitting of white light into its
constituent colours is called dispersion of light.
(i) Which one of the following colours will suffer greatest dispersion?
(a) violet (b)indigo (c) blue (d)red

(ii) The critical angle between an equilateral prism and air is 450. If the
incident ray is perpendicular to refracting surface then
(a) it is reflected totally from the second surface and emerges
perpendicular from the third surface.
(b) it gets reflected from second and third surface and emerges from the
first surface.
(c) it keeps reflecting from all the three side of the prism and never
emerges out.
(d)after deviation, it gets refracted from the second surface.

(iii) Which colour is taken as the mean colour (i.e. mean refractive index for a
material)
(a) yellow (b) red (c) violet (d) green

(iv) A prism with a refracting angle of 60° gives angle of minimum deviation
53°,51°,52° for blue, red, yellow light respectively. What is the dispersive
power of the material of the prism
(a) 385
(b) 0.385
(c) 0.0385
(d) 38.5

(v) The refractive angle ofa prism for a monochromatic light is 60° and
refractive index is √2. For minimum deviation the angle of incidence will be
(a) 60°
(b) 45°
(c) 30°
(d) 75°

2. Consider two lenses A and B of focal length f1 and f 2 placed in contact

with each other. Let the object be placed at a point O beyond the focus of the
first lens A. The first lens produces an image at I1. Since image I1 is real, it
serves as a virtual object for the second lens B, producing the final image at
I. It must, however, be borne in mind that formation of image by the first lens
is presumed only to facilitate determination of the position of the final image.
In fact, the direction of rays emerging from the first lens gets modified in
accordance with the angle at which they strike the second lens. Since the
lenses are thin, we assume the optical centres of the lenses to be coincident.
Let this central point be denoted by P. If the two lens-system is regarded as
equivalent to a single lens of focal length f, we have
i) Two lenses of power +10D and –5D are placed in contact. Where should the
object be held from the lens so as to obtain a virtual image of magnification
2?
(A) 5 cm (B) –5cm (C) 10 cm (D) –10 cm

ii) The plane faces of two identical plano-convex lenses, each having focal
length of 40 cm, are placed against each other to form a usual convex lens.
The distance from this lens at which an object must be placed to obtain a real,
inverted image with magnification '–1' is
(A) 80 cm (B) 40 cm (C) 20 cm (D) 160 cm

iii) Two thin lenses of focal lengths 20 cm and –20 cm are placed in contact
with each other. The combination has a focal length equal to
(A) Infinite (B) 50 cm (C) 60 cm (D) 10 cm

iv) Two plano-convex lenses of equal focal lengths are arranged as shown. The
ratio of the combined focal lengths is
(A) 1 : 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 : 3 (C) 1 : 1 : 1 (D) 2 : 1 : 2

V) If a convex lens of focal length 80 cm and a concave lens of focal length 50

cm are combined together, what will be their resulting power
A) + 6.5 D (B) – 6.5 D (C) + 7.5 D (D) – 0.75 D

NUMERICAL PROBLEMS:

1. Light from a point source in air falls on a spherical glass surface (n=1.5,
radius of curvature= 20 cm). The distance of the light source from the
glass surface is 100 cm. at what position is the image formed?
2. A tank is filled with water to a height of 12.5cm. The apparent
depth of a needle lying at the bottom of the tank measured by a
microscope is 9.4 cm. What is the refractive index of water? If water is
replaced by a liquid of refractive index 1.63 up to the same height, by
what distance would the microscope have to be moved to focus on the
needle again?

3. A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal

length 2.0 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 6.25 cm separated by a
distance of 15 cm. How far from the objective should an object be placed
in order to obtain the final image at (a) the least distance of distinct
vision (25 cm), and (b) at infinity? What is the magnifying power of the
microscope in each case?

4. Figures (a) and (b) show refraction of a ray in air incident at 60 0

with the normal to a glass-air and water-air interface respectively.
Predict the angle of refraction in glass when the angle of incidence in
water is 450 with the normal to a water-glass interface.

5. An object is placed at (i)10 cm, (ii)5 cm in front of a concave mirror of

radius of curvature 15cm. find the position, nature and magnification
of the image in each case.