Personal Development Reviewer

1st Quarter
Self-concept – is self-awareness in two wide characters, the ideal self and the actual self.

• Ideal self refers to the self-one desire to be, like the ones we admire and wish to be in the community
from any sector or profession. Your aspiration of becoming like them is based on the positive qualities
you have viewed them.

• Actual self tells who you really are with the traits and characteristics you truly possess. These traits may
have been the outcome of how you were nurtured in the family, developed in school and influenced by
the community.
Here are some of the personal qualities that could give great impact to one’s personality:

• Knowing yourself
• Being confident
• Being courteous
• Being properly dressed
• Being sensitive and know your body language
• Having a positive outlook
• Being tactful in giving your opinions
• Being a good listener
• Being friendly
• Being humble

There are five aspects of each individual person. It influences the person’s state of well-being. When these
aspects are honed or developed well by a person through the day to day engagements, one will surely attain
success.
1) Physical Aspect
Posture, body build and size, complexion and facial expressions, as well as the appropriateness and
condition of clothes, comprise the physical appearance of a person and its capacity to do things tells the
physical condition of a person.

2) Emotional Aspect
How well one responds when things become difficult, and how quickly one gave to anger, or whether one
can take a job or not, defines the emotional well- being. A person’s emotional make-up is shown in his likes
and dislikes, whether he is aggressive or passive, and how well he has mastered his feelings and shows his
right composure in a given situation.

3) Mental Aspect
The mental aspect of a person depends upon the intelligence. One, who thinks critically and decisively in
every situation, manifests better mental soundness and good personality. Mental aspect refers to the
intellectual capacity, which is shown in the way one talks, shares range of ideas one expresses that includes
the things one talks about, as well as the values and the mental alertness in understanding thing.

4) Social Aspect
Social attitude and behavior are affected by physiological conditions that affect mental alertness and the
extent of emotional maturity. This is seen in how well a person deals with other people and how well one
observes the rules and etiquette that governs the society. How well one carries oneself in front of different,
people and projects one social behavior.

5) Moral and Spiritual Aspect

This aspect of personality has to do with a person’s awareness of the difference between what is right or
wrong. It is referred to as the Moral Aspect. The Spiritual Aspect is the consciousness of the higher spiritual
values in life.
 Developmental Stage Characteristics
Age when hereditary endowments and sex are fixed and all
1. Pre-natal (Conception to birth)
body features, both external and internal are developed.
Foundation age when basic behavior is organized and many
2. Infancy (Birth to 2 years)
developmental maturation skills are developed.
Pre-gang age, exploratory, and questioning. Language and
3. Early Childhood (2 to 6 years) Elementary reasoning are acquired and initial socialization is
experienced.
Gang and creativity age when self-help skills, social skills,
4. Late Childhood (6 to 12 years)
school skills, and play are developed.
Transition age from childhood to adulthood when sex
5. Adolescence (puberty to 18
maturation and rapid physical development occur, resulting in
years)
changes in ways of feeling, thinking and acting.
Age of adjustment to new patterns of life and roles such as
6. Early Adulthood (18 to 40 years)
spouse, parent and bread winner.
7. Middle Age (40 years to Transition age when adjustments to initial physical and mental
retirement) decline are experienced.
Retirement age when increasingly rapid physical and mental
8. Old Age (Retirement to death)
decline are experienced.

The Developmental Tasks Summary Table

Infancy and Early

Middle Childhood (6- 12) Adolescence (13-18)
Childhood (0-5)

• Achieving mature relations with

• Learning physical skills in ordinary both sexes
• Learning to walk
games
• Achieving a masculine or
• Learning to take solid foods
• Building a wholesome attitude feminine social role
toward oneself
• Learning to talk
• Accepting one’s physique
• Learning to get along with age-
• Learning to control the
mates • Achieving emotional
elimination of body wastes
independence of adults
• Learning an appropriate sex role
• Learning sex differences
• Preparing for marriage and family
and sexual modesty
• Developing fundamental skills in life
reading, writing, and calculating
• Acquiring concepts and
• Preparing for an economic career
language to describe social
• Developing concepts necessary for
and physical reality
everyday living • Acquiring values and an ethical
system to guide behavior

Early Adulthood (19-30) Middle Adulthood (30-60) Later Maturity (61-)

• Helping teenage children to become • Adjusting to decreasing strength

• Selecting a mate happy and responsible adults and health

• Learning to live with a • Achieving adult social and civic • Adjusting to retirement and
partner responsibility reduced income

• Starting a family • Satisfactory career achievement • Adjusting to death of spouse

• Rearing children • Developing adult leisure time • Establishing relations with one’s
activities own age group
• Managing a home
• Relating to one’s spouse as a • Meeting social and civic
• Starting an occupation person obligations

• Assuming civic responsibility • Accepting the physiological changes • Establishing satisfactory living
of middle age quarters
Stress – is a physical, mental, or emotional tension resulting from unfriendly or very demanding circumstances.
It is the body’s response to a threatening situation or change.

• Eustress refers to a positive and healthy response of the body from a stressor. It produces good
feelings to one’s well-being.

• Distress refers to a negative reaction of the body towards a given stressor.

Stressors are the things that make a person stressed. It may alter the mood and emotions, may cause
problems in health, and even affect the way a person thinks.
➢ The brain is the main control center of coordination. It is about the size of a small head of a cauliflower.
It weighs about 1.4 kilograms and is protected by the skull. The cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brain
stem are the three parts of the brain. Each part controls a specific activity.

1) The cerebrum is the center of intelligence. It is the largest of the three brain sections, accounts for
about 85% of the brain’s weight, and has four lobes. The frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital
lobes– each have different functions. They get their names from the sections of the skull that are
next to them. The parietal lobe helps people understand what they see and feel, while the frontal
lobe determines personality and emotions. Vision functions are located in the occipital lobe, and
hearing and word recognition abilities are in the temporal lobe. Because the brain’s healthy
functioning is essential to living and determines quality of life, doctors emphasize protecting the organ
from injury and chemical abuse.

2) Activities are different in the cerebellum. This part controls voluntary movement. When you want
to lift your fork, wave your hand, brush your hair or wink at a cutie, you form the thought and then an
area in the cerebellum translates your will into action. It happens so quickly.
Neurons, the basic functional units of the nervous system, are three-part units and are key to brain
function. They are comprised of a nerve cell-body, axon and dendrite, and they power the rapid-
fire process that turns thought into movement.

3) The brain stem connects the spinal cord and the brain. It controls functions that keep people alive
such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and food digestion (involuntary actions). Those activities
occur without any thought. It functions without being told.

➢ Researchers believed that brain dominance determines a person’s preferences, problem solving style,
personality characteristics, and even career choices. For example, a right-brain individual will quickly get a
feeling for a situation, while a left-brain person will usually ask a lot of questions first. The following chart
reflects additional difference between left and right-brain dominance.

Left Dominance Right Dominance

Classical music Popular music
Being on time A good time
Careful planning To visualize the outcome
To consider alternative To go with the first idea
Being thoughtful Being active
Monopoly, scrabble, or chess Athletics, art, or music

Mind mapping – is a powerful thinking tool. It is a graphical method that reflects the way the brain works. It was
invented by Tony Buzan. Mind mapping helps to make thinking visible. It involves the use of the left and right
brain, thus, recalling the information becomes easier.
Mental illness – is a health problem that significantly affects how a person feels, thinks, behaves, and interacts
with other people. It is diagnosed according to standardized criteria.
Eating disorder – is an illness that are characterized by irregular eating habits and stress concern about size.

Anorexia Bulimia nervosa Binge eating disorder

Have a true worry of weight A serious, potentially life-threatening eating A severe, life-threatening
gain and a distorted read of disorder characterized by a cycle of bingeing but treatable eating
their body size and form. As a and compensatory behaviors such as eating disorder characterized by
result, they eat very little and uncontrollably by purging and vomiting or using the consumption of large
can become dangerously laxatives in an attempt to losing weight. quantities of food in a
underweight. short period of time.
Good leader shows their Emotional Intelligence by exhibiting all five of its key components:
1. Self-awareness
➢ Exhibited by self-confidence, realistic self-assessment and self-offensive sense of humor. Most
people with high Emotional Intelligence perceive their emotions and that they don’t let their feelings
rule them.

2. Self-Management:
➢ Exhibited by credibility and truthfulness, comfort with uncertainty and honesty to change.

3. Self-Motivation
➢ Exhibited by a strong force to realize optimism, and high organizational commitment.

4. Empathy
➢ Exhibited by know-how in structuring and retaining talents, and cross-cultural sensitivity and check to
clients and customers. This is the ability to recognize with and understand the needs desires, and
viewpoints of those around you.

5. Social Skill
➢ Exhibited by the capacity to lead change efforts, expressiveness, and skill in building and leading
teams.