BST12781 material for stairs

BUILDING COMMUNICATION

Drawing stairs & staircase

Stone
concrete
Timber
PAULI Sabine Notes prepared by
Steel
[email protected] Atul KANSARA, Sabine PAULI, Kevin YAP Kwok-keung glass
Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 1 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 2

Source: Weidinger (2010) Stairways. Page 157

terms terms
Balustrade
Handrail (on walls) tread

riser

landing

Source: Mehta, Scarborough, Armpriest. Building construction.

Principles, materials and systems. 2008 page 882

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 3 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 4

Source: Weidinger (2010) Stairways. Page 151

Types of stairs Types of stairs

Scissor staircase
single‐flight Blanc.
Straight stairs Stairs,
single‐flight single‐flight turned at steps and
single‐arms stairs the bottom ramps. 1996
Straight single‐flight,
stair turned at two‐armed stair with
the top turn landing

single‐flight, circular stair

single‐flight with hollow spindle
stairs
Straight Straight
With 180‐
single‐flight, single‐flight,
degree turn
two‐armed three‐armed
stair with stair with
line landing Mokashi. Scissor stairs: Origins, development and contemporay use.
corner landings Quartely and Urban Development Journal 3rd Quarter 2008 page 23

single‐flight spindle stair

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 5 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 6
construction of stairs Building regulation in Hong Kong

Clear height of staircase min. 2.00 m

Clear width of stair/flight min. 1050 mm
Landing not be less than the width of the staircase
Treads not less than 225 mm, better 280 mm
Riser not more than 175 mm
Max. 16 steps in one flight
Handrail for stair between 850 and 950 mm

Neufert, Ernst; Neufert, Peter. Architects Data. 3rd edition 2000 page 191

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 7 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 8

calculation of stairs calculation of stairs

Stair layout and stair plan

 First determine the floor-to-floor height
 Calculate the numbers of risers and treads
Source: Habermann. Staircases: design and construction 2003 page 42
 The riser height should be not more than 175 mm
number of risers = floor-to-top height/ riser height
– Number of risers = 4,200mm / 175 mm = 24 riser
– Building regulation only 16 steps one flight
– Divided by 2 = 12 riser/steps
Re-calculation Height of steps
– Floor-to-floor-height = 4,200mm / 24 riser = 175mm
Calculation of tread
– 630 mm = 2 x step height/riser + 1 x step width/tread
– Tread = 630mm – 2 x 175mm/riser/step height = 280mm

each flight (12-1) x 280mm length = 3,080 one length

+ landings each min 1,050mm
630 mm = 2 x step height/riser + 1 x step width/tread Full length of one flight 5,180mmm for staircase
Francois Blondel 1683

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 9 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 10

How to draw stairs and

drawing staircases? Banister and handrails
example international style
Source: Kilmer. Construction drawings and details for interiors.
Basic skills.2009 page 163

difference between
Handrails
and
Ground floor intermediate floor top floor balustrade/banister/guardrail

example Hong Kong style

Source: Bielefeld, Skiba technical drawing. page 44

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 11 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 12
Banister and handrails ramps Source: Chueca. Staircases:
selection and details 2008 page 221
How to draw ramps?

Source: Bielefeld, Skiba technical drawing. page 44

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 13 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 14

Exercise stair drawing

stair drawing
please sketch and fill – in the gaps /
information/with symbolic for different floors
staircase width min.1050mm
tread, riser, landing width and length
2 m headroom
Floor to floor height
handrail , banister

Ground Floor drawing Intermediate floor Roof plan

Single Flight Stair with half landing Stair with Intermediate
Max 16 risers and 2 risers at the landing landing
Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 15 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 16

stair drawing stair drawing

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 17 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 18
stair drawing details

Jefferis, Madsen. Architectural drafting and design. 1995 page 102

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 19 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 20

Rich, Dean. Principles of element design

details 1999 page 145 details

Blanc. Stairs, steps and ramps. 1996 page 143

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 21 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 22

This handout was developed exclusively for educational purposes and was prepared to accompany Communication Studies 1
workshops at the City University of Hong Kong. It contains illustrations and text excerpts out of other official publications which have
Exercise stair drawing been named in the bibliography. Original copyright reserved.

1. Calculate a staircase with floor to bibliography

floor height from 4200 mm
2. The staircase should have three  Blanc, Alan (1996) Stairs, steps and ramps. Oxford 1996
floors.
3. Sketch the staircase in floor plan top floor  Bielefeld, Bert; Skiba, Isabella (2007) Technical drawing. Basel: Birkhaeuser
and section in scale 1:50/1:100  Chueca, Pilar (2008) Staircases: selection and details. Barcelona
4. Add all annotation like dimensions,  Fullerton, Richard L. (1968) Building construction in warm climates. 2nd edition Oxford: Oxford
and identify the elements: flight, intermediate University Press
landing, floor‐to‐floor height,  Habermann, Karl J. (2003) Staircases: design and construction. Basel
clearance height, stair width, width floor
 Jefferis, Alan; Madsen, David (1995) Architectural drafting and design. New York
of the landing, tread, riser, handrail
5. Sketch ground floor plan, first floor  Jiricna, Eva (2001) Staircases London
plan and roof plan from your  Kilmer, W. Otie; Kilmer, Rosemary (2009) Construction drawings and destails for interiors. Basic skills.
staircase with the special lining for Hoboken
each floor.  Mehta, Madan; Scarborough, Walter; Armpriest, Diane (2008) Building construction. Principles,
ground floor materials and systems. New Jersey
 Mokashi, Samir (2008) Scissor stairs: Origins, development and contemporay use. Quartely and
Urban Development Journal 3rd Quarter
key floor plan  Neufert, Ernst ; Neufert, Peter (2000) Architects Data. Third edition. Oxford
 Rich, Peter; Dean, Yvonne (1999) Principles of element design. Oxford
floor plan  Weidinger, Hans (2010) Stairways. Atglen: Schiffer Publishing

Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 23 Building Communication 2013 – drawing stairs and staircase 24