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Propagating Material

Horticulture

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8 views6 pages

Propagating Material

Horticulture

Uploaded by

asersanam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Md.

Mofizur Rahman (Shawon)


Lecturer
Department of Horticulture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University
Email: [email protected]

Name of the Experiment: Specialized Vegetative Propagating Materials of Some Flower


and Ornamental Plants

Vegetative propagation

It is a form of asexual reproduction of a plant. Only one plant is involved and the offspring is the result of one
parent. The new plant is genetically identical to the parent. Vegetative propagation is the perpetuation and
multiplication of plants through specialized vegetative structures like sucker, tuber, corm, runner, rhizome etc.

Specialized vegetative structures

1. Bulb

A bulb is a modified underground and reduced stem consisting of basal plate, a terminal bud and fleshy leaf
bases. Cluster of fibrous roots develops at the base. It has no distinct nodes or internodes. Examples: Daffodil,
hyacinth, iris, lily, tuberose, tulip etc.
Propagation: Each bulb consists of two or more bulblets. They are separated and planted from which a new plant
grows up.

2. Bulbil
A bulbil is a small, young plant that is reproduced vegetatively from axillary buds on the parent plant's stem or in
place of a flower on an inflorescence. Bulbil is a modification of floral bud that forms in an axil or in place of
flowers. These appear at first as small nodule like buds.
Examples: Tiger lily, agave, wood sorrel etc.
Propagation: Bulbils can be harvested once when they matured and planted into the soil.

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Fig. Bulbil of Tiger lily

3. Corm
Corms are short, swollen, underground stem growing in the vertical direction. It is more or less round or often
flattened. The corm contains a basal plate (bottom of bulb from which roots develop), thin tunic and a growing
point.
Examples: Amorphophallus, colocasia, crocus, gladiolus etc.
Propagation: Each corm produces new corms and cormels which are used for multiplication.

Fig. Corm of Gladiolous

4. Crown
Crown is the part of a plant between stem and root from which new shoots arise and adventitious roots develop
along the base of the new shoots.
Examples: Bamboo, Daylily, sansevieria etc.
Propagation: Cut back to the crown and planted into the soil.

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Fig. Crown of daylily

5. Offset or offshoot
Offset is a short branch that develops from the base of the main stem usually starting from an axillary bud. Apex
turns up and produces a tuft of leaves and a cluster of roots.
Examples: Cymbidium, dendrobium, water lettuce, water hyacinth, salvinia etc
Propagation: Cutting the offset close to the main stem which can be planted.

Fig. Offshoot of dendrobium

6. Rhizome
Rhizomes are prostrate, swollen, underground modified stem, distinguished from the root by the presence of
distinct nodes and internodes and sometimes bud and scaly leaves at the nodes. It has no basal plate.

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Examples: Anthurium, calathea, canna, couch Grass, fern, iris etc.
Propagation: Cutting the rhizomes into sections and each piece has at least one bud or eye.

Fig. Rhizome of Iris


7. Runner
Runner is a slender, elongated branch with long internodes, creeping on the ground, and rooting at the nodes.
Examples: Centella, cynodon, orchid, marsilea, spider plant, wood sorrel etc.
Propagation: Cutting into pieces with adventitious roots from lower surface of nodal regions.

Fig. Runner of wood sorrel


8. Stolon
Stolon is a slender, elongated stem at or above the surface of the ground that gives rise to a new plant at its tip. It
bends down into the ground and, then strikes roots and develops a bud at each node.
Examples: Colocasia, dracaena, tecoma, water dropwort etc.
Propagation: The axillary branches that arise from the stem which is break off from the parent.

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Fig. Stolon of Colocasia

9. Sucker
Sucker is a creeping, slender, short, lateral adventitious shoot arise from the underground part of stem. It grows
obliquely upwards and gives rise to a leafy shoot. The internodes are short.
Examples: Dagger plant, cherry blossom, creeping thistle, chrysanthemum, peppermint etc
Propagation: Suckers are detached from the mother plants for multiplication.

Fig. Sucker of Crysanthemum

10. Tuber
A much-enlarged portion of an underground stem provided with buds on the sides and tip. It grows horizontally.
They do not have basal plate but they have nodes and internodes. Eyes present at the nodes.
Examples: Caladium, Jerusalem artichoke etc
Propagation: Planting the whole tuber or cutting them into pieces containing one or more eyes.

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Fig. Tuber of Caladium

11. Tuberous root


It is a thick, fleshy underground modified root. Roots are swollen at the centre and tapering towards the both
ends. They do not have nodes, internodes and axillary buds. It produces a number of adventitious shoot called
slips.
Examples: Begonia, dahlia, mirabilis, ruellia etc.
Propagation: The tuberous root should be divided into sections with eyes during planting.

Fig. Tuberous roots of Dahlia

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