ICT1
ICT1
Devanadera
BSOA-1B
ICT1
The history of computer evolution is a long journey that spans centuries, overall the
development of tools and machines that have profoundly transformed the way humans
process information.
Abacus (c. 2000 BC): The abacus, invented in ancient Mesopotamia, is considered
one of the earliest computing tools, used for basic arithmetic calculations.
Charles Babbage (1791-1871): Often called the "father of the computer," Babbage
conceptualized the Analytical Engine, a mechanical general-purpose computer.
Though never completed, it laid the groundwork for future designs.
Alan Turing (1912-1954): Turing developed the concept of the Turing machine, a
theoretical model of computation that became foundational for computer science.
ENIAC (1945): The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) was the
first general-purpose electronic digital computer. Developed by John Presper Eckert
and John Mauchly, it was used for military calculations.
UNIVAC I (1951): The Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC I) was the first
commercially available computer, developed by the same team behind ENIAC.
Integrated Circuits (1958): Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce independently invented
the integrated circuit, allowing for more compact and reliable computers.
IBM System/360 (1964): A mainframe computer family that set standards for
computer compatibility and was widely adopted in business and government.
Microprocessor (1971): Intel introduced the Intel 4004, the first commercially
available microprocessor, marking the beginning of the microcomputer revolution.
Apple II (1977): One of the first successful personal computers, developed by Steve
Jobs and Steve Wozniak, popularized computing among the general public.
IBM PC (1981): IBM's entry into the personal computer market set the standard for
PC architecture.
The Internet and World Wide Web (1990s): The development of the internet,
and Tim Berners-Lee's invention of the World Wide Web, transformed computers into
powerful tools for global communication and information sharing.
7. 21st Century: Mobile Computing, AI, and Beyond
Smartphones and Mobile Computing: The rise of smartphones and tablets has
made computing ubiquitous, with mobile devices now more common than traditional
desktop computers.
Cloud Computing: The shift towards cloud computing allows for storage and
processing of data over the internet, enabling scalability and remote access to
powerful computing resources.