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1.lists and List Slices

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9 views

1.lists and List Slices

list

Uploaded by

vani shree
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lists

Data Structures
● Many real-world problems are easier to solve when simple data types are
combined into more complex data structures.

● A data structure models a collection of data, such as a list of numbers, a


row in a spreadsheet, or a record in a database.

● Modeling the data that your program interacts with using the right data
structure is often the key to writing simple and effective code.

● Python has three built-in data structures: tuples, lists, and dictionaries.
Lists

The important characteristics of Python lists are as follows:

● Lists are ordered.


● Lists can contain any arbitrary objects.
● List elements can be accessed by index.
● Lists can be nested to arbitrary depth.
● Lists are mutable.
● Lists are dynamic.
Lists Are Mutable Sequences
● Lists contain items that are indexed by integers,starting with 0.
● Lists are mutable, meaning you can change the value at an index even after
the list has been created.

Creating Lists
● A list is surrounded with square brackets [ ]
Lists
● Lists values can be any data type.

● The list literal ["one", 2, 3.0] is perfectly valid.


● You can also use the list() built-in to create a new list object from any other
sequence.
● For instance, the tuple (1, 2, 3) can be passed to list() to create the list [1, 2,
3]:
You can even create a list from a string:

Each letter in the string becomes an element of the list.


You can create a list from a string of a comma-separated list of items using the
string object’s .split() method:

The string argument passed to .split() is called the separator.


● By changing the separator you can split strings into lists in numerous ways:
Three ways to create a list:

1. A list literal

2. The list() built-in

3. The string .split() method


List Elements Can Be Accessed by Index
Individual elements in a list can be accessed using an index in square brackets.

List indexing is zero-based

The indices for the elements in a are shown below:


A negative list index counts from the end of the list:
Slicing
If a is a list, the expression a[m:n] returns the portion of a from index m to, but not
including, index n:

Both positive and negative indices can be specified:


Slicing
Omitting the first index starts the slice at the beginning of the list, and omitting the
second index extends the slice to the end of the list:
Stride
You can specify a stride—either positive or negative:
The syntax for reversing a list works the same way it does for strings:

If a is a list, a[:] returns a new object that is a copy of a:


Basic List Operations
● Indexing and slicing operations work on lists.
● You can access list elements using index notation:

● You can create a new list from an existing once using slice notation:
● You can check for the existence of list elements using the in operator:
The concatenation (+) and replication (*) operators:
Del command
A list item can be deleted with the del command:
● Because lists are iterable, you can iterate over them with a for loop.
Changing Elements in a List
The ability to swap values in a list for other values is called mutability. Lists are
mutable.

The value at index 0 changes from "red" to "burgundy":


● You can change several values in a list at once with a slice assignment:

● colors[1:3] selects the slots with indices 1 and 2.

● The values in these slots are assigned to "orange" and "magenta", respectively.
The list assigned to a slice does not need to have the same length as the slice.
For instance, you can assign a list of three elements to a slice with two elements:

When the length of the list being assigned to the slice is less than the length of the
slice, the overall length of the original list is reduced:

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