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Resource Material
For Revised Syllabus Session 2024-25

NCERT
Solutions
History
Chapter 1 : Introduction How, When and Where
Class
8

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 CHAPTER – 01
How, When and Where
LET’S RECALL
Question 1:
State whether true or false:
(a) James Mill divided Indian history into three periods: Hindu,
Muslim, Christian
(b) Official documents help us understand what the people of the
country think.
(c) The British thought surveys were important for effective
administration
Answer:
(a) (False)
James Mill divided history on the basis of religion of the rulers of
the times. So, he divided Indian history into three periods: Hindu,
Muslim, British.
(b) (False)
Official documents tell us only about what officials thought, what
they were interested in and what they wished to preserve for
posterity.
(c) (True)
The British believed that a country had to be properly known
before it could be effectively administered.
 LET’S DISCUSS
Question 2:
What is the problems with the periodization of Indian history that
James Mill offers?
Answer:
a) James Mill divided history on the basis of the religion of the
rulers of the times. However, a variety of faiths existed
simultaneously in these periods.
b) This periodization ignores the social, political and economic
changes from one era to another. One cannot refer to any era as
the era of any particular religion.
c) The main problem with the periodization of Indian history is
that Mill only looked from the point of the rulers, not from the
point of view of native Indian.
d) Mill, through his periodization, suggested that British rule
could civilize India.
e) Mill even suggested that the British should conquer all the
Indian territories to ensure the enlightenment and happiness of all.
He thinks that India was not capable of progress without British
help.
Question 3:
Why did the British preserve official documents?
Answer:
The British preserved official documents due to the following
reasons:
1. They liked to have a permanent record of every instruction,
plan, policy, agreement, etc.2. They believed that things could be
properly studied and debated once we had such records.3. This
documentation process provides an administrative culture of
memos, noting and reports.4. The preserved documents could be
used as a point of reference whenever required.
Question 4:
How will the information historians get from old newspapers be
different from that found in police reports?
Answer:
Newspaper reports have nearly always been edited and often
only provide an outline of the events. Note that though old
newspapers can be useful, they are not generally regarded as
reliable sources. However, the information from old newspapers
tells us about the feelings and actions of other (common) people
of the country. However, still, we cannot completely trust on the
reports printed in the newspaper as it may be biased by the view
which is presented by the presenter.
On the other hand, one would expect police reports to be more
detailed, but the information in police reports tells us only about
what officials thought, what they were interested in and what
they wished to preserve for posterity.
 LET’S DO
Question 5:
Can you think of examples of surveys in your world today? Think
about how toy companies get information about what young
people enjoy playing with or how the government finds out about
the number of the young people in school. What can a historian
derive from such surveys?
Answer:
Yes, there are many examples of surveys in world today. The
administrative, botanical and market surveys help to know about
the needs and aspirations of the people.
The government finds out about the information of employees
through the records and reports of school authorities.
CLICK TO DOWNLOAD NCERT SOLUTIONS
CLASS 8 (ALL SUBJECTS)
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