`KUKATP AL LY CE NTRE

MATHEMATICS

COMPLEX NUMBERS
 Complex Numbers

History
The Italian mathematician Gerolamo Cardano is the first person known to have introduced complex
numbers. In 1545, in his book “Ars Magna” he solved the equation x 10  x  40 , finding the answer to be
5  15 . He called them ‘fictitious’ during his attempts to find solutions to cubic equations.
Later in 1637, Rene Descartes came up with the standard form for complex numbers, which is a  ib . In
1777, Euler made the symbol ' i ' stand for 1 , which made it a little easier to understand. In 1806, Jean Robert
Argand wrote how to plot them in a plane, and today the plane is called Argand diagram.
Complex numbers have practical applications in many fields, including Physics, Chemistry, Biology,
Economics, Electrical Engineering and Statistics.
Definition
A number of the form a  ib , a , b  R and ' i ' is an imaginary number with the property i 2  1 is called
complex number. Complex number is denoted by z and the set of all complex numbers by  .
   z  a  ib / a , b  R and i  1 

Here ‘ a ’ is called real part of z denoted by Re ( z ) and ‘ b ’ is called imaginary part of z denoted by Im ( z ).
 z  a  ib  Re  z  i Im  z

If b = 0, z is called purely real and if a = 0, z is called purely

imaginary.
(a,b)
 If z  a  ib is considered as point  a , b then it can be
Imaginary axis
z

represented in a plane by considering two perpendicular axes as

b
real axis and imaginary axis. The plane is called Argand plane.
a
Real axis

Algebra of Complex numbers

Let z1  a1  ib1 and z2  a2  ib2 are two complex numbers
(1) Equality: The complex number z1 and z2 are equal denoted by z1  z2
 a1  a2 and b1  b2

or Re  z1   Re  z2  and Im  z1   Im  z2 
(2) Ordering: If z1 and z2 are non-equal complex numbers with non-zero imaginary parts then we can’t
compare z1 and z2 i.e we can’t say z1  z2 or z1  z2
(3) Addition: The addition of complex numbers z1 and z2 denoted by z1  z2 is defined as
z1  z2   a1  a2   i b1  b2 
(4) Subtraction: The subtraction of complex numbers z1 and z2 denoted by z1  z2 is defined as
z1  z2   a1  a2   i b1  b2 
(5) Multiplication: The multiplication of complex numbers z1 and z2 denoted by z1 z2 is defined as
z1 z2   a1 a2  b1b2   i  a1 b2  a2 b1 
Since z1 z2   a1  ib1  a2  ib2 

 a1 a2  ia1 b2  ib1 a2  i 2 b1b2

  a1 a2  b1b2   i  a1 b2  a2 b1 

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 Complex Numbers

z1
(6) Division: The division of complex numbers z1 and z2 denoted by is defined as
z2
z1 a1 a2  b1b2 b a  b2 a1
  i 1 22
z2 a2  b 2
2 2
a2  b22
z1 a1  ib1  a1  ib1  a2  ib2 
Since  
z2 a2  ib2  a2  ib2  a2  ib2 

a1 a2  ia1b2  ib1 a2  i 2 b1b2


a22  i 2 b2
a1 a2  b1 b2 b a  b2 a1
  i 1 22
a 2  b2
2 2
a2  b22

Geometric Interpretation of the algebraic operations

If we consider the complex numbers z1  a1  ib1 and z2  a2  ib2 and the corresponding vectors
v1  a1 i  a2 j and v2  a2 i  b2 j then the sum z1  z2 is corresponding vector v1  v2 .

z2
 a2 , b2 
z2 z1  z2
 a2 , b2   a1  a2 , b1  b2  z1 a1 , b1 

z1
 a1 , b1 
z2 z1  z 2
a2 , b2   a1  a2 , b1  b2 

Remark -1 : a  i 2 a  i 2 a  1 a

 a b  1 a . 1 b   1 
2
a b   ab is correct

but a b  ab  ab is wrong

i 4 n  i 4   i 2 i 2   11  1n  1
n n n
Remark-2:

i 4 n1  i 4 n .i  i
i 4 n2  i 4 n .i 2  i 2  1
i 4 n3  i 4 n .i 3  i 3  i
 i 4 n  i 4 n 1  i 4 n  2  i 4 n 3  0
Remark-3: If f  a  ib  x  iy
then f  a  ib  x  iy

Single Correct Option Type

If  a  ib    i , then b  ia is equal to

5 5
1.
a)   i b)   i c)   i d)   i

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 Complex Numbers
50
2. The value of  i k ! where k ! denotes factorial of k
k 1

a) 46 b) 45 c) 45  i d) 46  i
3
3. If x  iy  , then x 2 + y 2 is equal to
2  cos   i sin 
a) 3x  4 b) 4x  3 c) 4 x  3 d) none of these
4. If z  3  4i , then z 4  3 z3  3z 2  99 z  95 is equal to
a) 5 b) 6 c)– 5 d)– 4
1  iz
5. If z 1  a  b  ic , a2  b 2  c 2  1 then 
1  iz
a  ib a  ib a  ib a  ib
a) b) c) d)
1c 1c 1c 1c

Multiple Correct Option Type

1  ix1  2 ix
1. The nonzero real value of x for which is purely real is
1  ix
a) 2 b) 1 c)  2 d) 1
2. Non real complex numbers z satisfying the equation z3  2 z 2  3z  2  0 are
1i 7 1i 7 1  i 7 1  i 7
a) b) c) d)
2 2 2 2
3. If z  0 is a complex number, then
a) Re  z  0  Im  z 2   0 b) Im( z)  0  Re( z 2 )  0

c) Re  z  0  Re  z2   0 d) Im( z)  0  Im( z 2 )  0

4. If the vertices of triangle ABC in argand plane are the roots of the equation z3  iz 2  2 i  0 , then which
of the following are true
5
a) area of triangle is 2 sq. units b) circumradius of triangle ABC is
2
5 1
c) triangle ABC is isosceles d) inradius of triangle ABC is
2
n
5. The value of  ik is equal to
k 1

(A) i , if n  2017 (B) 1 , if n  2018 (C) i , if n  2019 (D) 0, if n  2020

Integer Answer Type

1. Let z be a complex number lying in the first quadrant such that Re  z Im  z  9 then
minimum value of Re  z  Im  z is equal to

a and b are integers such that  a  ib  18  26i then a  b is

3
2.

3. If the roots of z3  iz 2  z  i  0 represent the vertices of a ABC in the argand plane then
the area of the triangle is

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 Complex Numbers

Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
Let z  x  iy is a complex number with y  0

Im z5
1. If A  then the minimum value of A is
Im z
5

a) –5 b) –4 c) 5 d) none of these
Re z 5
2. The minimum value of A  will occur at
Re z
5

a) a 1  i 3  , a  R b) a  3  i  , a  R c) a 3  4i , a  R d) a 1  i , a  R

Im z 5 Re z 5
3. The number of value s of z such that   13  0 are
Im z Re z
5 5

a) 1 b) 2 c) infinite d) none of these

Matrix Match Type

1. Let z is a complex number whose imaginary part is non zero.

Expression Value
1
A) a  z 2  z  1 is real then ' a ' can take the value P)
4
1
B) a  z 2  z  1 is real then ' a ' can take the value Q)
2
z2  z  1 3
C) is real then ' z ' can take the value R)
z2  z  1 4

z2  z  1 1 3
D) is real then ' z ' can take the value S) i
z2  z  1 2 2
1 1
T) i
2 2

Subjective Type
1. Show that the equation
A2 B2 C2
   k has no imaginary roots.
x  a x b x c
2. If  1 ,  2 ,........,  n are the roots of the equation x n  an1 x n1  an2 x n2  ......  a1 x  a0  0 where
( a0 , a1 ,......., an1 are real) then prove that

1   12 1   22 ........1   n2   1  a2  a4  .....2  a1  a3  a5  .......2

3. Express 1  x 2 1  y 2 1  z 2  as sum of two squares.

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 Complex Numbers

Square root of a complex number

Let a  ib  x  iy

Squaring both sides, we get a  ib  x 2  y 2   2ixy

 x 2  y 2  a ..........(1), 2 xy  b

x 2  y 2 
2
x2  y2   4 x 2 y 2  a 2  b 2 .......2

a2  b 2  a a2  b2  a
Solving (1) & (2) x 2  and y 2 
2 2
This gives
 
 a2  b2  a a2  b2  a 
a  ib    i  for b  0
 2 2 
 
 
 a2  b2  a a2  b 2  a 
a  ib    i  for b  0
 2 2 
 
Remark:
 1  i 
i  0  1i   Here a  0, b  1  0
 2 

 1  i 
i  0  1 i   Here a  0, b  1  0
 2 

Conjugate of Complex number

For a complex number z  a  ib the number a  ib denoted by z is called conjugate of z .
Properties of conjugate  z  a  ib , z  a  ib
1) z is image of z with respect to real axis 6) zz
2) zz  a  b2 2 7) z1  z2  z1  z2
3) z  z  z is purely real 8) z1 z2  z1 z2
4) z  z  0  z is purely imaginary 9)  z1  z1
   , z  0
 z  z 2
2 2

5) z  z  2 Re  z and z  z  2i Im  z 10) z1 z2  z1 z2  2 Re  z1 z2   2 Re  z1 z2 

Single Correct Option Type

z
1. If z  x  iy lies in III quadrant, then also lies in third quadrant if
2
a) x  y  0 b) x  y  0 c) y  x  0 d) y  x  0
2. If z and z represent adjancent vertices of a regular polygon of n sides with centre at the origin and if
Im z
 2  1 then the value of ' n ' is equal to
Re z
a) 8 b) 12 c) 16 d) 24

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 Complex Numbers

z2
3. If is purely real then the locus of z  x  iy where z  1 is
z 1
a) either real axis or a circle b) either real axis or an ellipse
c) either real axis or a hyperbola d) none of these
10

 2 k 2  1  i 2 k is equal to
1
4.
k 1

22 20 20 22
a) b) c) d)
20  22i 22  20i 20  22i 22  20i

Multiple Correct Option Type

1. Let z  x  iy be a complex number where x and y are integers satisfies the equation
z  z  z  z   130 .
3 3

a) the number of values of z satisfying the equation are 4

b) the number of values of z satisfying the equation are 8
c) the area formed by the roots of the equation is 12
d) the area formed by the roots of the equation is 24
2. If z1 and z2 are two complex numbers then which of the following are not necessarily true
a) If z1  z2 is purely real then z1 and z2 are conjugate of each other
b) If z1  z2 is purely real then z1 and z2 are conjugate of each other
c) If z1 z2 is purely real then z1 and z2 are conjugate of each other
d) If z1 / z2 is purely real then z1 and z2 are conjugate of each other
3. The roots of the equation z2   4  2 i z  11  2i  0 are a  ib and c  id then  a  c 
a) a2  b 2  5 b) c 2  d 2  25 c) a  b  c  d  2 d) a  b  c  d  0
Integer Answer Type

1. The number of non-zero complex numbers satisfying z2  iz are

The number of ordered pairs  a , b of real numbers such that  a  ib  a  bi
7
2.

3. Let z be the complex number 2 5  4i . Then the distance between the orthocenter and centroid formed
by the complex numbers z , z , z is
4. The value of 4  i 6 5  4  i 6 5 is
5. The number of pairs x , y  x , y   such that the numbers 3  i x 2 y and x 2  y  4i are conjugate
complex.
Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
Let z is the complex number 1  i 3
1. The area of quadrilateral formed by z , z , z , z is
a) 4 3 b) 6 3 c) 2 3 d) none of these
2. The incentre of the triangle formed by z , z , z is
a) 2  3 ,1 b) 2  3 ,1 c) 2  3 ,1 d) 2  3 ,1
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 Complex Numbers

Matrix Match Type

1. Let z  x  iy is a non zero complex number

A) Re  z  0 P) Re  z   0
2

B) Im  z  0 Q) Im  z   0
2

C) Re  z  Im  z  0 R) Re  z  Re  z   0
2 2

D) Re  z  Im  z S) Re  z  Re  z 
2 2

Modulus of a complex number

Let z  a  ib is a complex number then modulus of z denoted by z or mod  z is defined as a2  b 2
Properties of modules:
1) z represents distance from origin to z in 7) z1  z2  z1  z2
argand plane
2) z1  z2 represents distance between the 8) z1  z2  z1  z2
points z1 and z2 in the argand plane
3) z  0 z   and z  0 only when z  0 9) zz  z
2

4) z  Re  z and z  Im  z 10) z  z  z  z

5) z1 z2  z1 z2 11) 2 2
z1  z2  z1  z2  z1 z2  z1 z2
2

6) z1 z 12) 2 2
z1  z2  z1  z2  z1 z2  z1 z2
2
 1 , z2  0
z2 z2

Single Correct Option Type

1. If z 2  4  2 z then maximum value of z is

a) 5 1 b) 5 1 c) 3 1 d) 3 1
2. If the point zk represents the point on the circle z  k  k the maximum value of z1  z2  z3  .....  zn
is equal to
n n  1
a) b) n n  1 c) 2n d) 2n 2
2
3. If z1  z2  z3  1 and z1  z2  z3  0 then the area of the triangle whose vertices are
z1 , z2 , z3 is
3 3 3
a) b) c) 1 d) none of these
4 4
4. If z1  z2  z3  z4 and z1  z2  z3  z4  0 then the points z1 , z2 , z3 , z4 in the
argand plane are vertices of
a) trapezium b) rectangle c) square d) none of these
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 Complex Numbers

5. The inequality z  3  z  1 represents the region given by

a) Re  z  2 b) Re  z  2 c) Im  z  2 d) Im  z  2
6. If z is a complex number satisfying the relation z  1  z  2 1  i then z is
1 1 1 1
a) 1  4 i  b)  3  4i c) 1  4 i  d)  3  4i 
2 2 2 2
1 z
7. If z  1, then is equal to
1 z
a) z b) z c) z  z d) none of these
Multiple Correct Option Type

1. If z1  2, z2  3, z1  z2  5 then
a) the value of 4 z2  9 z1 is 30 b) the value of z1  z2 is 1
c) origin, z1 , z2 are collinear d) origin, z1 , z2 are non collinear

Integer Answer Type

2 2
1. If z1  cos   i sin  , z2  cos   i sin  then the value of z1  z2  z1  z2 is equal to
2 2 2
2. Let z1 , z2 , z3 are unimodular complex numbers the z1  z2  z2  z3  z3  z1 can not exceed.
3. For a complex number z , the minimum value of z  z  cos   i sin  is
z4
4. If z  2 then is equal to
z1
5. Let z be a complex number of constant modulus such that z2 is purely imaginary then the number of
possible values of z is
Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
Let a , b , c are distinct nonzero complex numbers with a  b  c
1. If a root of the equation az2  bz  c  0 has modulus equal to 1 then
a) 2b  a  c b) b 2  ac c) a  b  c  0 d) none of these
2. If a  b  c  ab  bc  ca then which of the following is definitely true
2 2 2

a) a  b  c b) a  b  b  c  c  a c) a  b  c  0 d) none of these

Matrix Match Type

1. Let z1 and z2 are non zero complex numbers with z1  z2
Column-I Column-II
z1
A) z1  z2  z1  z2 P) is purely real
z2
2
B) z1  z2  z1  z2
2 2
Q) z1 z2  z1 z2  0
z 
C) z1  z2  z1  z2 R) Arg  1   0 or 
 z2 

D) z12  z22  z12  z22  2 z1 z2 S) arg z1  arg z2 
2

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 Complex Numbers

Subjective Type

1. Prove that z1  z2  z1  z2 and find when equality sign holds.

2. Prove that z1  z2  z1  z2 and find when equality holds.
z1  z2
3. Prove that if z1  z2  1 and z1 z2  1 then prove that is a real number.
1  z1 z2
1
4. If z   a then find the maximum and minimum value of z .
z
5. Find the maximum and minimum values of z  1  z  z when z  1
1 1
6. Let z   such that z 3  3
 2 then prove that z   2 .
z z

Argument or Amplitude of a complex number


Let z  a  ib is complex number, then the angle made by ray oz
with positive real axis is called argument of z and is denoted by
arg  z or amp  z
z  a  ib
If arg  z   , then the value of '  ' lies between (, ] is called
principal argument. a2  b 2
b
The value of '  ' can be obtained by solving the simultaneous θ
a b O a
equations cos   and sin  
a b
2 2
a  b2
2

Properties of argument :

1) Arg (purely real complex number) = 0 or 


2) Arg (purely imaginary number) = 
2
3) Arg  z1 z2   Arg  z1   Arg  z2   2n , n  

4) Arg  z1 , z2 ,.....zn   Arg  z1   Arg  z2   .....  Arg  zn  2 n , n  

z 
5) Arg  1   Arg  z1   Arg  z2   2n , n  
 z2 
6) Arg z  Arg  z   0 except when z is purely negative number

7) If Arg  z   ,0    then Arg  z   ,Arg z     and Arg z     
2

Single Correct Option Type

1. If z 1 and z2 are two non zero complex numbers such that z1  z2  z1  z2 then arg z1  arg z2
 
a) 0 b)  c) d) 
2 2
z1
2. If z1  z2  0 and amp   then
z2
a) z1  z2 b) z1  z2  0 c) z1 z2  1 d) z1 z2  1
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 Complex Numbers

4
3. If z be any part on the circle z  2  2 then the value of 1  is
z
a) tan arg z b) cot arg z c) i tan arg z d) i cot arg z
z 
z1  1  3i , z2   3  3i then arg  1  
4.  z2 
2 4
a)  b)  c) d) None
3 3
z1
5. If z1 , z2 are two non-zero complex numbers such that z1  z2  z1  z2 then amp is
z2
equal to

a)  b)  c) 0 d)
2
6. If z  x  iy satisfies amp  z  1  amp  z  3i then the value of x  1 : y is equal to
a) 2 : 1 b) 1 : 3 c) 1 : 3 d) None of these
7. Let z , w be complex numbers such that z  iw  0 and arg zw   . Then arg z equals
  3 5
a) b) c) d)
4 2 4 4

Multiple Correct Option Type

1. If z1 , z2 are two conjugate complex numbers and z3 , z4 are two conjugate complex numbers then which of
the following are true
z  z  z  z  z  z  z  z 
a) arg  1   arg  4  b) arg  3   arg  1  c) arg  1   arg  3  d) arg  1   arg  4 
 z3   z2   z2   z4   z2   z4   z2   z3 
2. Which of the following are true
 1 1   1  1  3
a) tan1    tan1    b) tan1    tan1   
 3 2 4  3 2 4
3 
c) tan1 3  tan1  2  d) tan1 3  tan1 2 
4 4

Integer Answer Type

1. Let z  C such that z  2 and  is non real cube root of unity. If the area of the triangle formed by z , z
and z  z is  then  2 is

2. If z  6 and arg  z  then area of the triangle formed by 0, z , z is
12

Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
1
Let z be a complex number such that z  2
z
1. The minimum value of z is

a) 1 b) 2 c) 2 1 d) 2 1
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 Complex Numbers


2. If r1 and r2 are two values z for arg  z  then r1  r2 is
4
1
a) 1 b) c) 2 d) 2
2
3. As z varies, the range of r1  r2 is

a)  0,1 b)  0, 2  c) 0, 2  d)  1, 2 
 

Matrix Match Type

1.
Column-I (Curves) Column-II (No. of point of intersection)
 3
A) arg  z  1  ,arg  z   P) 0
3 4

B) arg  z  , z 2 Q) 1
4

C) z  1  i  2, arg  z  1  i   R) 2
6
D) Im  z  3, z  2  i  5 S) Infinite

KEY

Algebra of Complex numbers

Single Correct Option Type : 1) a 2) c 3) b 4) a 5) b
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) a,c 2) c,d 3) a,d 4) a,c,d 5) a,d
Integer Answer Type : 1) 6 2) 4 3) 1
Comprehension Type : 1) b 2) d 3) d
Matrix Match Type : 1) A  P,Q; B  P,Q; C  T; D  S,T
3) 1  s2   s1  s3 
2 2
Subjective :
Conjugate of Complex number
Single Correct Option Type : 1) b 2) a 3) c 4) c
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) a,d 2) abcd 3) abc
Integer Answer Type : 1) 3 2) 9 3) 4 4) 6 5) 2
Comprehension Type : 1) a 2) b
Matrix Match Type : 1) A  Q,S, B  Q,S; C  P,R,S; D  P,R,S

Modulus of a complex number

Single Correct Option Type : 1) a 2) b 3) a 4) b 5) b 6) c 7) a
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) a,b,c
Integer Answer Type : 1) 4 2) 9 3) 1 4) 2 5) 4
Comprehension Type : 1) b 2) b,c
Matrix Match Type : 1) A  P,R; B  Q,S; C  Q,S; D  Q,S
a2  4  a a2  4  a
Subjective : 4) min : , max : 5) min : 2 , max : 4
2 2
Argument or Amplitude of a complex number
Single Correct Option Type : 1) a 2) b 3) c 4) d 5) c 6) b 7) c
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) a,b 2) a,c
Integer Answer Type : 1) 3 2) 9
Comprehension Type : 1) d 2) c 3) b
Matrix Match Type : 1) A  P; B  Q; C  S; D  R

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 Complex Numbers

Mod-Amplitude form of a complex number

 
The complex number z  a  ib can be written as z  a 2  b 2 
a b
i 
 a2  b 2 a2  b 2 
 z  z cos arg z  i sin arg z
 z  r cos   i sin  where r  z and   arg z is called mod amplitude form of complex number z .
By Euler’s formula, z  r cos   i sin  can be written as z  r .ei

Single Correct Option Type

 2
1. Let z  cos 2   cos   i sin 2   sin  where  then arg  z is
3 3
  
a) b)   c)   d) None of these
2 2 2

 3  i   xn  iyn and n is a positive integer then the value of xn1 yn  xn yn1 

n
2. If

a) 2 n2 3 b) 2 2 n2 c) 2 2 n2 3 d) 2 2 n2

Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
1
Consider the curve z   2 in the complex plane where z  r e i . For a given  , r takes two values r1 and r2
z

1. If   then r1  r2 
6
a) 3 b) 2 c) 5 d) 6

2. If   , then r1  r2
3
a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8
Comprehension-2
1
Let z   i , then
z
1
3. z2018  2018

z
a) 1 b) 1 c) i d) i
1
4. z2018  2018

z
a)  3 b) i 3 c) 1 d) i
Comprehension-3
Le the point P represent the complex number z  x  iy and P moves on the circle z  2 . Let Q represent
1
the complex number z 
z
5. The locus of Q is
a) Circle b) Parabola c) Ellipse d) Hyperbola

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 Complex Numbers

6. Area of the region bounded by locus Q and coordinate axis in first quardrant is
15 15
a)  b)  c) 15 d) none of these
16 4
7. The eccentricity of the locus of Q is
4 5
a) 0 b) 1 c) d)
5 3

Rotation theorem

Rotation:
Let ' z ' is any complex number, then t can be written as z  r e i . z1
i
Let z1  z e r
i  z
Then z1  r e 
r

 The affix of z1 is the affix of z after rotating oz along O in O
anticlockwise direction with an angle ' '

Coni’s Method :
z3
z2  z1  z2  z1 e i1

z3  z1  z3  z1 ei2
z3  z1 z  z1 i2 1  z2
Then  3 e
z2  z1 z2  z1 z1 

z3  z1 z  z1 i 1 2
  3 e
z2  z1 z2  z1

z1  z2 z  z2 i z2  z3 z  z3 i 
Similarly  1 e ,  2 e
z3  z2 z3  z2 z1  z3 z1  z3

Single Correct Option Type

1. Suppose z1 , z2 , z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle circumscribing the circle z  1, if

z1  1  3i and z1 , z2 , z3 are in the anticlock wise sense then z2 is

1  3i
1
a) 1  3i b) 2 c) d) None of these
2
2. A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin towards the north-east N 45E direction. From there,
he walks a distance of 4 units towards the north-west N 45W  direction to reach a point P . Then the
position of P in the argand plane
a) 3  4i ei /4 b) 3  4i ei /4 c) 3  4i e i /4 d) 3  4i ei /4
zw w
3. Suppose two complex numbers z  a  ib , w  c  id satisfy the equation  then
z zw
a) both a and c are zero b) both b and d are zero
c) both b and d must be non zero d) atleast one of b and d is non zero
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 Complex Numbers

4. A particle P starts from the point z0  1  2i , where i  1 . It moves first horizontally away from origin
by 5 units and then vertically away from origin by 3 units to reach a point z1 the particle moves 2 units
in the direction of the vector iˆ  ˆj and then it moves through an angle  /2 in anticlockwise direction on a
circle with centre at origin, to reach a point z2 . The point z2 is given by

a) 6  7i b) 7  6i c) 7  6i d) 6  7i
5. Let 0     /2 be a fixed angle. If P  cos  ,sin  and Q  cos   ,sin    then Q is obtained
from P by
a) clockwise rotation around origin through an angle 
b) anticlockwise rotation around origin through an angle 
c) reflection in the line through origin with slope tan 
d) reflection in the line through origin with slope tan  /2
Multiple Correct Option Type
1. The centre of a square ABCD is at z0 . If A is z1 , then the centriod of the ABC can be
 z  z0   z  z0  z0  iz1 z0  iz1
a) z0  i  1  b) z0  i  1  c) d)
 3   3  3 3
Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
P  z1  , Q  z2  , R  z3  be the vertices of a triangle PQR inscribed in the circle z  2 . The internal angle bisector
of angle P, meets the circle at S  z4  and the altitude from P to QR meets the circumcircle at X  z5 
1. Which of the following is always true
z z z1 z2 z1 z3
a) z4 2  z2 z3 b) z4  2 3 c) z4  d) z4 
z1 z3 z2
 z4 
2. A rg   is equal to
 z2  z3 
  2 
a) b) c) d)
3 4 3 2
3. The complex number z5 is equal to
z2 z 3 z2 z3 z1 z3 z1 z3
a) b)  c) d) 
z1 z1 z4 z5
Subjective Type
1. Show that the triangle whose vertices are the points represented by the complex numbers z1 , z2 , z3 on the
1 1 1
argand diagram is equilateral if and only if   0.
z2  z3 z3  z1 z1  z2
2. Complex numbers z1 , z2 , z3 are the vertices A, B, C respectively of an isosceles right angled triangle with
right angle at C . Show that  z1  z2   2  z1  z3  z3  z2  .
2

4. Let z1 and z2 be root of equation z2  pz  q  0 where coefficient p and q may be complex numbers.
Let A and B represents z1 and z2 in the complex plane. If AOB    0 and OA  OB where O is
 
origin prove that p 2  4q cos 2   .
2
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 Complex Numbers

De Moivre’s Theorem

1. If zk  cos  k  i sin  k then z1 , z2 .....zn  cos  1   2  .......   n   i sin  1   2  ......   n 

If n   then cos   i sin   cos n  i sin n .

n
2.
p p p
3. cos   i sin  is one of the value of cos   i sin  q .
q q
  2 k    
4. If z  r cos   i sin  and n is positive integer, then z1 / n  r 1/ n  cos    i sin  2 k   
  n   n 
where k  0,1, 2,...., n  1

Single Correct Option Type

If  3  i    a  ib  3  i  , then
120 120
1.
   
a) a  0, b  1 b) a  1, b  1 c) a  3 , b  1 d) a  1, b  0
 1  cos   i sin  n

2.  1  cos   i sin   

a) cos n  i sin n b) cos n  i sin n c) sin n  i cos n d) none of these

1 1 x y
3. If 2 cos   x  and 2 cos   y  then  
x y y x
a) 2 cos    b) 2 cos    c) 2 sin    d) 2 sin   

The smallest positive integral value of n for which 1  3i 

n /2
4. is real is
a) 3 b) 6 c) 12 d) none of these

 3  i    3  i  is equal to
n n
5. If n is a positive integer, then
n n n
a) 2 n cos b) 2 n1 cos c) 2 n1 cos d) none of these
6 6 6

Multiple Correct Option Type

n n
 
6. Let Sn   n
C k cos k and Tn   n Ck sin k ;   0, 2  then
k 0 k 0

 
n
n  
n
n
a) Sn  2 cos  cos b) Sn  2 sin  cos
 2 2  2 2
 
n
n  
n
n
c) Tn  2 cos  sin d) Tn  2 sin  sin
 2 2  2 2

Integer Answer Type

 1  cos   i sin   4
1. If    cos n  i sin n then n 

 sin   i  1  cos   

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 Complex Numbers

Subjective Type
 
1. If x k  cos k
 i sin k then prove that lim x1 x2 .....xn   1 .
2 2 n

8 8
2. If z  cos  i sin , then find real part of  z  z 2  z 3  z 4  z 5  .
11 11

nth roots unity

The equation zn  1 is an nth degree equation and it has ' n ' roots. The roots are called nth roots of unity
2 k 2 k
zn  1  z  cos  i sin k  0, 1, 2,......, n  1
n n
The ' n ' roots of unity are vertices of an ' n ' sided regular polygon inscribed in unit circle with one of the vertex is
at (1, 0).
Let z1  z1 cos   i sin  is mod-amplitude form of a complex number.

If zn  z1  z1 cos   i sin 

1 /n 
  2 k     2 k   
Then z  z1 cos    i sin   where k  0,1, 2,....., n  1
  n   n 
Single Correct Option Type
The roots of z   z  1
n n
1.
a) are the vertices of a regular n -gon b) lie on the circle
c) are collinear d) None of these
 
2. If   cos  i sin , then value of 1     2  ...  n1 is
n n
 
a) 1  i b) 1  i tan   c) 1  i cot   d) None of these
n  2n 
 
3. If zn  cos  n   i sin  n  then Lt  z1 .z2 .....zn  is
2  2  n

a) 0 b) 1 c) 1 d) None of these
1 2 2 1
4. If  is non real and   5 1 then the value of 2 is equal to
a) 4 b) 2 c) 1 d) None of these
5. If 1, a1 , a2 ,.....an1 are the n nth roots of unity, then 1  a1 1  a2 1  a3 .......1  an1  
a) n  1 b) n c) n  1 d) None of these
6. The square root of 7  24 1 are
a)  4  3 1  b) 3  4 1  c) 3  4 1  d)  4  3 1 

7. If  is an nth root of unity, then 1  2  3 2  ......  n n1 equals

n n n
a) b) c) d) None of these
1  1  1   
2

8. The set C  z1 z2 / z118  1, z28  1 . The number of distinct elements in C

a) 8 b) 18 c) 36 d) 72
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 Complex Numbers

Multiple Correct Option Type

5

 z1  z2 r
2
1. Let z1  1  i , z2  1  2 i ,   1,  6  1 . Then the sum S  is divisible by
r 0

a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 d) 7

Integer Type

1. Number of roots of the equation z10  z 5  992  0 where real parts are negative
2. Let z1 and z2 be nth roots of unity which subtend a right angle at the origin. If 0  n  40 then possible
values of n is

Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
Let A1 , A2 , A3, .......An are n vertices of regular polygon inscribed in unit circle with A1  1
1. A1 A2 A1 A3 ....... A1 An is equal to
a) 1 b) n c) n2 d) None of these
2 2 2
2. A1 A2  A1 A3  .......  A1 An is equal to
a) n  1 b) n c) 2n d) 2 n  1
Comprehension-2
x n  1  x  1x n1  x n2  ....  x  1 , n  3 and 1,  ,  2 ,....., n1 are n th roots of unity then

3. 2  2   2 2   3 ..... 2  n1 

a) 0 b) 2 n c) 2 n  1 d) None of these
th th
4. If p is not a multiple of n , then sum of the p power of n roots of unity is

a) 0 b) n c) pn d) None of these
5. Sum of all pairs of nth roots of unity taken two at a time is
a) n b) 1 c) 1 d) 0

Matrix Match Type

 2 k   2 k 
1. Let zk  cos    i sin   ; k  1, 2,.....,9
 10   10 
Column I Column II
A) For each zk there exists a z j such zk .z j  1 P) True
B) There exists a k  1, 2,.....,9 such that z1 . z  zk has
Q) False
no solution z in the set of complex numbers
1  z1 1  z2 ..... 1  z9
C) equals R) 1
10
 2 k 
 k1 cos 10  equals
9
D) 1  S) 2

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 Complex Numbers

Subjective Type

1. Find all those roots of the equation z12  56 z6  512  0 whose imaginary part is positive
Find all the roots to the equation 3 z  1   z  2  0 in the simplified form a  ib .
4 4
2.
 3 7
Prove that the roots of the equation  z  1   z  1  0 are given by i cot
8 8
3. , i cot ,  i cot .
16 16 16
2n
4. If   1 be any n th root of unity then prove that 1  3  52  ......  n terms   .
1
2 i 20
5. If   e7 and f x  A0   Ak x k , then find the value of f x  f x  ......  f  6 x  .
k 1

Cube roots of Unity

1  i 3 1  i 3
The roots of the cubic equation z3  1 are called cube roots of unity and they are 1, and ;
2 2
They are denoted by 1, w and w 2 ; w 3  1, 1  w  w 2  0

1.  a  b a  bw a  bw 2   a 3  b 3

2.  a  b a  bw a  bw 2   a 3  b 3

3. a  bw  cw2  a  bw2  cw  a2  b 2  c 2  ab  bc  ca

4.  a  b  c  a  bw  cw 2  a  bw2  cw  a 3  b 3  c 3  3abc

Single Correct Option Type

1. If  ,  are roots of z2  2 z  4  0 then  5  5 

a) 32 b) 32 c) 0 d) None of these
 1 3 9 
   ......
2. If  is a cube root of unity then    2 8 32

a) 1 b) 1 c) 0 d) 5
3 n1 3 r 2
3. x 3m
x x , where m , n , r  N , is divisible by

a) x 2  x  1 b) x 2  x  1 c) x 2  x  1 d) x 2  x  1
5
 n 2
4. If x  x  1  0 , then the value of
2
 x  1  is
 x n 
n1

a) 8 b) 10 c) 12 d) None of these
5. If  is an imaginary roots of unity, then the value of expression
12 - ω2 - ω2   2 3 - ω 3 - ω2   .....n - 1n - ωn - ω2  is

1 2 1 2 1 2 1
n n  1  n n n  1  n n n  1  n n n  1  n
2 2 2
a) b) c) d)
4 4 4 4
6. The value of 2 1 + ω1 + ω 2  + 32 + ω 2 + ω 2  +.. + 9 8 + ω8 + ω 2  is

a) 1297 b) 1304 c) 1288 d) None of these

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 Complex Numbers

2
27  k 1 
7. 
  +  =
k=1  k 
a) 0 b) 27 c) 54 d) 108
8. If a , b , c are integers not all equal and w is a cube root of unity  w  1 , then the minimum value of
a  bw  cw 2 is

a) 0 b) 1 c) 3 /2 d) 1/2
Multiple Correct Option Type

 2x 2 + β 2 y 2 + γ 2 z 2
1. If  ,β,γ are cubes roots of p < 0 , then for any x, y, z, 2 2 2 2 is
β x + γ y +  2 z2

a) 1 b)  c)  2 d) None of these
Integer Answer Type

1. The number of elements in the set 1  w  w 2 n


 .......  wm  /m , n   where w is cube root of unity

 k   k 
2. For any integer k , let  k  cos    i sin   , where i  1 . The value of the expression
7 7
12

  k1  k
k 1
3
is
  4 k1  4 k2
k 1
2
i
3. Let   e 3 and a , b , c , x , y , z be non-zero complex numbers such that
abc  x ; a  b  c 2  y ; a  b 2  c  z
2
x y z
2 2
Then find the value of .
a b c
2 2 2


4. If z lies on the curve arg  z  1  , then the minimum value of z  w  z  w , where w is cube roots
4
of unity is
Subjective Type

Prove that  a  b  c 2    a  b 2  c  2 a  b  c 2 b  c  a2c  a  b

3 3
1.

2. Find the common roots of the equations z3  2 z2  2 z  1  0, z 2018  z 100  1  0 .

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3. If     2 2 and     2  then prove that
a b c  d  a   b   2
c 2
d  2
1 1 1 1
   2
a1 b1 c 1 d1
4. If ax  by  cz  p , bx  cy  ax  q , cx  ay  bz  r then prove that

a3  b 3  c 3  3abc x 2  y 3  z3  3xyz   p3  q 3  r 3  3 pqr 

5. If z1  z2  z3  A , z1  z2   z3  2  B, z1  z2  2  z3   c then prove that

A  B  C  3 z1  z2  z3
2 2 2
 2 2 2

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 Complex Numbers

Trigonometry with Complex Numbers

1 1 1
Let z  cos   i sin  then  cos   i sin  ; z   2 cos  , z   2 i sin n
z z z
1 1 1
zn  cos n  i sin n , n
 cos n  i sin n ; zn  n  2 cos n , zn  n  2 i sin n
z z z

Single Correct Option Type

1. If cos + cosβ + cosγ = sin + sinβ + sinγ = 0 then sin 3  sin 3  sin 3  
a) 0 b) sin      c) 3sin      d) 3 cos     
Subjective Type

1. Let A0 , A1 , A2 ,...... An1 are vertices of a regular polygon inscribed in a circle of radius 1. Then prove that
(i)  A0 A1  A0 A2  A0 A3 .... A0 An1   n

 2 3 n  1  n
(ii) sin .sin .sin ......sin  n
n n n n 2 1
 3 2n  1 1
(iii) sin sin ......sin  n
2n 2n 2n 2 1
2. If cos   cos   cos   0  sin   sin   sin  then prove that.
(i) cos 3  cos 3  cos 3  3 cos      (ii) sin 3  sin 3  sin 3   3sin     
(iii) cos 2  cos 2   cos 2   0 (iv) sin 2  sin 2   sin 2   0
(v) cos     cos     cos       0 (vi) sin     sin     sin       0

cos 2  cos 3  2
3. Prove that cos  sin   sin 2  sin 3 .........  e cos  .sin sin  cos  .
2 3
n n  1
4. Find cos n   n cosn1  cos   cosn2  cos 2  .......  n  1 terms
2

5. Prove that cos y sin y  cos 2 y sin 2 y  cos 3 y sin 3 y  .........  n terms  cot y 1  cosn y cos ny  .

Geometry with Complex Numbers

1. Equation of straight line is az  az  b  0; b  R and equation of straight line perpendicular to this line
is of the form az  az  ci  0; c  R

2. z  z1  z  z2 represents equation of perpendicular bisector joining z1 and z2

3. z  z0  r represents equation of circle with centre z0 and radius ' r '

4. z  z1  z  z2  K

If K  z1  z2 it represent line segment AB

If K  z1  z2 it represent ellipse with foci at z1 , z2 and having major axis length K

If K  z1  z2 it represents empty set

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 Complex Numbers

5. z  z1  z  z2  K

If K  z  z2 it represents line AB except segment AB

If K  z  z2 it represents hyperbola with focus at z1 , z2 and having transverse axis length K
If K  z1  z2 it represents empty set
6. z  z1  k z  z2 , k  0,1 represents circle with ends of diameter as points which divides z1 and z2 in
the ratio k : 1
Single Correct Option Type
1. If 2 z1  3z2  z3  0 then z1 , z2 , z3 are represented by
a) three vertices of a triangle b) three collinear points
c) three vertices of a rhombus d) None of these
z  z1
2. If  3, where z1 and z2 are fixed complex numbers and z is a variable complex
z  z2
number, then z lie on a
a) circle with z1 as its interior point b) circle with z2 as its interior point
c) circle with z1 and z2 as its interior points d) circle with z1 and z2 as its exterior points
 3  z1  2  z2 
3. If     K , then points A z1  , B z2  , C  3,0 and D2,0 (taken in clockwise
 2  z1  3  z2 

sense) will
a) lie on the circle only for K  0 b) lie on circle only for K  0
c) lie on circle K  R d) be the vertices of a square K  0,1
z1  z3 z  2
4. If z  2 and  , then z1 , z2 , z3 will be vertices of a
z 2  z3 z  2
a) equilateral triangle b) acute angled triangle
c) right angled triangle d) None of these
5. Consider a square OABC in the Argand plane, where 'O ' is origin and A  A zo  . Then the
equation of the circle that can be inscribed in this square is: (vertices of square are given in anticlockwise
order)’
zo 1  i  z 1  i 
a) z  zo 1  i   zo b) 2 z   zo c) z  o  zo d) None of these
2 2
6. If z  1  z  3  8 , then the range of values of z  4 is
a) 0,8 b)  0,8  c)  1,9  d) 0,9
 z  1  
7. The locus of the point z satisfying the condition arg    is
 z  1  3
a) straight line b) parabola c) ellipse d) circle
 
8. The area of the region satisfying the equations z  4 and   arg  z  is
6 6
8 
a) 4 b) 8 c) d)
3 3
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 Complex Numbers

Multiple Correct Option Type

 z  z1   z  z2  
1. If Arg  2   Arg  3   for three distinct complex numbers z1 , z2 , z3 .Then the
 z3  z1   z1  z2  3

three points z1 , z2 , z3 are

a) equidistance from origin b) Form an equilateral triangle
3 2 3 2
c) forms a triangle of area z1  z2 d) forms a triangle of area z3  z2
4 4
 z  z1  
2. If arg  3   for three distinct complex numbers z1 , z2 , z3 then the three points are
 z2  z1  2

a) vertices of a right angled triangle b) concyclic

1
c) forms a triangle of area z3  z1 z2  z1 d) z12  z2 2  z3 2
2
3. If z1 , z2 , z3 be the affixes of vertices of an equilateral triangle and z0 be the affix of the
circum centre then
a) z0  z1  z2  z3 b) z0  z1  z0  z2  z0  z3
z1  z2  z3
c) z0 2  z1 z2  z2 z3  z3 z1 d) z0 
3
4. The points A, B and C represents the complex numbers z1 , z2 ,1  i z1  iz2 respectively on the complex
plane. Then the triangle is
2
a) Equilateral b) isosceles c) right angled d) having area z1  z2
5. Let z1 and z2 be two distinct complex numbers and let z  1  t  z1  tz2 for some real number t with
0  t  1 . If Arg  w denotes the principal argument of a non-zero complex number w , then

a) z  z1  z  z2  z1  z2 b) Arg  z  z1   Arg  z  z2 

z  z1 z  z1
c) 0 d) Arg  z  z1   Arg  z2  z1 
z2  z1 z2  z1
6. The points z1 , z2 , z3 , z4 in the complex plane are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order if and only if
a) z1  z3  z2  z4 b) z1  z3  z2  z4
 z  z1   z  z3   z  z2   z  z4 
c) arg  2   arg  2  d) arg  1   arg  1  0
 z4  z1   z4  z3   z3  z2   z3  z4 

Integer Answer Type

1. ABC whose vertex are A z1  , B z2  and C  z3  . D z4  , E z5  parallel to base BC. Here D

divides AB in the ratio 2 : 3 and z2  z3  10 unit then z4  z5 is

2. If among the complex numbers ' z ' satisfying z  8  i  2 13 ; z  a  ib has greatest argument then
a  b is

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 Complex Numbers

Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
Let  and  are the complex numbers satisfying   1  i  2 and   4  5i  3 then
1. Coordinates of the point where    is
5  6i 11  3i 13  11i 11  13i
a) b) c) d)
2 2 5 5
2. If 2  max  3  max  k1  k2 , then the value of k1  k2 is
a) 164 b) 146 c) 236 d) 96
3. The value of    max is
a) 8 b) 10 c) 12 d) 16
Comprehension-2
z1 z4
Consider two circles, C 1   2 and C 2 : 2
z4 z1
4. Let z1 and z2 are points on the circles C 1 and C 2 respectively, then the maximum value of z1  z2 is
a) 7 b) 8 c) 9 d) 10
5. Let z1 and z2 are points on the circles C 1 and C 2 respectively, then the minimum value for
z1  z2 is
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
6. Which of the following is true about the point z  1  i
a) z lies inside the circle C 1 and circle C 2 b) z lies outside the circle C 1 and circle C 2
c) z lies inside the circle C 1 and outside the circle C 2
d) z lies outside the circle C 1 and inside the circle C 2
Comprehension-3
On the sides AB and BC of ABC , squares are drawn with centres D and E such that points C and D lie on
the same side of line AB and the points A and E lie on either side of line BC . A, B, C are represented by the
1  i 3
complex numbers 1, w , w 2 respectively where w 
2
7. Angle between AC and DE is equal to
   
a) b) c) d)
6 4 3 2
8. The length of DE is
3 3
a) b) c) 3 d) 6
2 2
9. The length of AE is
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
a) b) c) d)
4 2 4 2

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 Complex Numbers

Matrix Match Type

1. Match the statements in column-I with those in column-II
[Note: Here z takes the values in the complex plane and Im z and Re z denote, respectively, the
imaginary part and the real part of z ]
Column I Column II
A) The set of point z satisfying z  i z  z  i z
P) an ellipse with eccentricity 4 /5
is contained in or equal to
B) The set of points z satisfying
Q) the set of points z satisfying Im z  0
z  4  z  4  10 is contained in or equal to
C) If   2 , then the set of points z    1/  is
R) the set of points z satisfying Im z  1
contained in or equal to
D) If   1 , then the set of points z    1/ is
S) the set of points z satisfying Re z  1
contained in or equal to
T) the set of points z satisfying z  3

Subjective Type

1. Let bz  bz  c , b  0 be line the complex plane, where b is the complex conjugate of b . If a point z1 is
the reflection of a point z2 through the line, then show that c  z1b  z2 b .
z  z1 
2. Let z1  10  6i and z2  4  6i . If z is any complex number such that the argument of is ,
z  z2 4
then prove that z  7  9i  3 2 .

Complex Numbers - Final practice

Single Correct Option Type
1. If  1 ,  2 ,  3 ,  4 are four real numbers then any root of equation
sin  1 z3  sin  2 z 2  sin  3 z  sin  4  3 lying inside the unit circle z  1 satisfy the inequality
2 2 1 1
a) z  b) z  c) z  d) z 
3 3 2 2
za
2. The region of the complex plane for which  1, Re  a  0 is
za
a) x  axis b) y  axis c) the straight line x  a d) None of these
3. If z1 , z2 are complex numbers such that z1  12 and z2  3  4i  5 then the minimum value of
z1  z2 is
a) 0 b) 5 c) 12 d) 2
5 z2 2 z1  3z2
4. If is purely imaginary then 
7 z1 2 z1  3z2
5
a) 0 b) 1 c) 5 d)
7

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 Complex Numbers

5. If z1  1  1, z2  2  2, z3  3  3 , then z1  z2  z3
a) is less than 6 b) is more than 3 c) is less than 12 d) lies between 6 and 12
6. If z  i  2 and zo  5  3i , then the maximum value of iz  zo is

a) 2  31 b) 8 c) 31  2 d) None of these
7. If z  min  z  1 , z  1  then
1
a) z  z  b) z  z  1 c) z  z  1 d) None of these
2
 z 2  2 z  4
8. If log 1/2    0 , then the region traced by z is


2
 2 z 1 
a) z  3 b) 1  z  3 c) z  1 d) z  2
2 2
9. Let z1 and z2 be two non real complex cube roots of unity and z  z1  z  z2   be the equation of
a circle with z1 , z2 as ends of a diameter then the value of  is
a) 4 b) 3 c) 2 d) 2

10. Let   R . If the origin and non real roots of 2 z 2  2 z    0 form the three vertices of an equilateral
triangle in the argand plane then  is
2
a) 1 b) c) 2 d) 1
3

11. If z is a complex number such that 0  arg z  then which of the following inequality is true
2
a) z  z  z arg z  arg z b) z  z  z arg z  arg z

c) z  z  arg z  arg z d) None of these

12. If equation az2  bz  a  0 where a , b are complex numbers has both roots purely real then
a) ab  ab  0 b) ab  ab  0 c) aa  bb d) ab  ab
50 48
13. The value of  i k !    k ! where k ! denotes factorial of k ,  denotes cube root of unity is
k 1 k 1

a) i b)  c)  2 d) zero
 z  z3 
14. Let A z1  , B z2  , C  z3  are three points in argand plane such that z1  z2  z3 and Arg  2  
 z1  z3 

where 0    then
2
a) z1  z2 e 2i b) z2  z1 e 2i c) z1  z2 ei d) z2  z1 ei
 2
15. Let z  cos 2   cos   i sin 2   sin  where  then arg  z is
3 3
  
a) b)   c)   d) None of these
2 2 2

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 Complex Numbers

16. Let z  C and if A  z : Argz  

4 
and B  z : Arg  z  3  3i 
2
3 
then n  A  B 

a) 3 b) 2 c) 1 d) 0
17. Let  ,  are complex cube root of the unity and P  z is any point on the circle z  4 such that z  1 is
maximum and centroid of triangle formed by z ,  and  is  then Re  is
a) 1 b) 5/3 c) 2 d) 2 /3
18. If z  1  i  1 then the locus of a point represented by the complex number 5  z  i  6 is
a) circle with centre 1,0 and radius 3 b) circle with centre 1,0 and radius 5
c) line passing through origin d) line passing through 1,0
 z  3i  
19. The complex number associated with the centre of the circle represented by A rg  
 z  2i  4  4
5i  5 5i  5 9i  5 9i  5
a) b) c) d)
2 2 2 2
20. If z  1 , then arg  z 2  z  is

1
a) arg  z b) arg  z c) 2 arg  z d) none of these
2
1
lie on circles x  x0    y  y 0   r 2 and x  x0    y  y0   4r 2 ,
2 2 2 2
21. Let complex numbers  and

2
respectively. If z0  x0  iy0 satisfies the equation 2 z0  r 2  2 , then  
1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d)
2 2 7 3
15
22. Let z  cos   i sin  . Then the value of  Im z2m1  at   2 is
m1

1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d)
sin 2 3sin 2 2 sin 2 4 sin 2
23. Let c be a complex number such that c  1 , if the equation cz 2  z  1  0 has a purely imaginary root,
then tan arg c  

5 1 5 1 5 1 5 1
a) b) c) d)
2 2 2 2

24. Let z1 , z2 are complex number such that Re  z1   z1  2 ,Re  z2   z2  2 and arg  z1  z2   , then
3
Im  z1  z2  
2 4
a) b) c) 2 3 d) 3
3 3

25. The complex number z has argument  , 0    and satisfies the equation z  3i  3 , then
2
6
cot   
z
a) 1 b) 1 c) i d) i
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 Complex Numbers

Multi Correct Option Type

1. If a , b , c are multiples of 3 then x  x b1  x c1 is divisible by
a

a) i b) i c) ω d) ω 2
2. One vertex of the triangle of maximum area that can be inscribed in the curve z  2i  2 is
2  2 i , remaining vertices are
a) 1  i  2  3  b) 1  i 2  3  c) 1  i  2  3  d) 1  i 2  3 

3. Let z satisfies arg  z  3  4i   arg  z  1  2i  arg iz  arg  z and z1 is a fixed complex

number such that z  z1 is constant then

 
d) arg  z1  2  
8
a) z lies on semi circle b) z1 is equal to 625 c) argument of z1 is
4 2
4. If cos   i sin  is a root of the equation Pn x n  Pn1 x n1  Pn2 x n2  ....  P1 x  Po  0 then
a) Pn sin n  Pn1 sin n  1  ......  P1 sin   0
b) Pn1 sin   ......  P1 sin n  1  Po sin n  0
c) Pn cos n  Pn1 cos n  1  ......  P1 cos   0
d) Pn1 cos   ......  P1 cos n  1  Po cos n  0

5. Let ' z ' be complex number and ' a ' , a  0 be a real number such that z2  az  a 2  0 , then
a) locus of z is pair of st. lines b) locus of z is a circle
2
c) z  a d) Arg  z  
3
1
6. Let z is a complex number such that z 3   2 then
z3
1 1 1 1
a) z  1 b) z  2 c) z  3 d) z  4
z z z z

2 k
9
7. S 10  k cos 10
k 1

2 k 2 k
9 9
a) S  
10  k  sin
10
b) S  5 c) S   k cos 10 d) S  5
k 1 k 1

8. Let t  z 2  z  1 where z is a complex number satisfying z  1. Then which of the following are true

a) minimum value of t is 0 b) minimum value of t is 1

c) maximum value of t is 2 d) maximum value of t is 3
9. If a , b , c are vertices of an equilateral triangle then area of the triangle is
3 2 3 3 3 3 3 2
ab ab
2 2
a) a b) c) d) a
4 4 4 4
1 1 1
10. The complex number(s) z , satisfying   is (are)
z 2 2
1 1 1 1
a)  3i b) 3  i c) 4  4i d)  i
3 3 4 4

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 Complex Numbers

11. If z satisfies z  1  z  3 then w  2 z  3  i satisfies


a) w  5  i  w  3  i b) w  5  w  3 c) Im iw  1 d) arg  w  1 
2
12. Let z1  a  ib , z2  c  id are complex numbers such that z1  z2  1 and Re  z1 z2   0 then the pair
of complex numbers w1  a  ic and w2  b  id satisfies

a) w1  1 b) w2  1 c) Re  w1 w2   0 d) Im  w1 w2   0

13. Let z and w be two complex numbers such that z  1, w  1 and z  iw  z  iw  2 than z can be

a) 1 b) 1 c) i d) i
14. If z  1 then the possible value of arg  z  arg  z  1  arg  z  1 is
   
a) b) c) d) 
3 4 2 2
15. If from a point p  z1  on the curve z  2 , a pair of tangents are drawn to the curve z  1 meeting
Q  z2  , R  z3  then
z1  z2  z3
a) will lie on the curve z  1 b) ortho centre and circumcentre of PQR will coincide
3
4 1  4 1  z  2
c)         9 d) arg  2  
1 1
 z1 z2 z3  z1 z2 z3   z3  3
Integer Answer Type
z z
1. The number of complex numbers z such that z  1 and   1 are
z z

2. Let z be a complex number lying in the first quadrant such that 2 Im  z2   9 then minimum value of
Re  z  Im  z is equal to

3. Let z1 and z2 be the roots of z2  az  2  0 . If the origin, z1 and z2 form an equilateral triangle, then
a2 is equal to

The number of non real complex numbers z such that z2  2 z  2 are

2
4.


5. If z1 and z2 both satisfy the equation z  z  2 z  1 and Arg  z1  z2   then Im  z1  z2  is
4

6. If z be a complex number for which 2 z cos   z 2  1 and minimum value of z is a  b then a  b is

The number of complex numbers z satisfying the equation z2  2 z  2 are

2
7.

8. The roots of the equation z 4  az 3  12  9i z 2  bz  0 are vertices of a square then area of square is

9. Let z and w be complex numbers such that z  w  i and z2  w 2  1 . If area of triangle formed by z , w
and origin is equal to A , then 16A2 is

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 Complex Numbers

Comprehension Type
Comprehension-1
Let z1 , z2 , z3 be the complex numbers associated with vertices A, B, C of a triangle ABC which is circumscribed
by the circle z  1 . Altitude through A meets the side BC at D and circumcircle at E. Let P be the image of E
about BC and F be the image of E about origin and let zE , zG and zH represent the points whose altitude
through A, B and C meet the circumcircle, then
1. The complex number of point P is
z1  z2  z3 2  z1  z2  z3 
a) b) c) z1  z2  z3 d) None of these
3 3
2. Value of zE zG zH is equal to
z2 z3 z1 z2
a) z1 z2 z3 b) z1 z2 z3 c)  d) 
z1 z3
3. The distance of point C from F is equal to
z1  z3 z1  z3
a) z1  z2 b) z1  z2 c) d)
2 2
Comprehension-2
Let S  S1  S2  S3 , where
  z  1  3i  

S1  z  C : z  4 , S2  z  C : Im    0
 and S3  z  C : Re Z  0
  1  3i  
   

4. Area of S 
10 20 16 32
a) b) c) d)
3 3 3 3
5. min 1  3i  z 
zS

2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3
a) b) c) d)
2 2 2 2
Comprehension-3
Let A, B, C be three sets of complex numbers as defined below
A  z : Im z  1

B  z : z  2  i  3

C  z : Re 1  i z  2 

6. The number of elements in the set A  B  C is

a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 
Let z be any point in A  B  C . Then z  1  i  z  5  i
2 2
7. lies between
a) 25 and 29 b) 30 and 34 c) 35 and 39 d) 40 and 44
8. Let z be any point in A  B  C and let w be any point satisfying w  2  i  3 . Then, z  w  3 lies
between
a) –6 and 3 b) –3 and 6 c) –6 and 3 d) –3 and 9

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 Complex Numbers

Comprehension-4
Let A z1  , B z2  , C  z3  , D z4  be the vertices of a trapezium in an argand plane. Let z1  z2  4 ,
 z  z2  
z3  z4  10 and the diagonals AC , BD intersect at P . It is oven that arg  4   and
 z  z  2 3 1
 z  z2  
arg  3 
 z  z  4
4 1

9. Area of trapezium ABCD is (sq. units)

160 140
a) b) c) 50 d) 60
3 3
10. Area of PCB is equal to (sq. units)
200 400 100 200
a) b) c) d)
21 21 3 3
11. CP  DP 
16 20 17 10
a) b) c) d)
21 21 21 21
Comprehension-5
  i
Let      be three real numbers such that  2  2   2    0 and z 
1 
12. ' ' equals
zz zz z  z  i z  z i
a) b) c) d)

2 1 z
2
 1 z
2

2 1 z
2
 1 z
2

13. '  ' equals

z  z  i z  z i  z  z i  z  z i
a) b) c) d)

2 1 z
2
 1 z
2

2 1 z
2
 1  z 2 
Comprehension-6
 i   11 i    5 i 
  
Consider a triangle having vertices at the points A2 e 4  , B2 e 12  , C 2 e 12  .
      
Let the in-circle of ABC touches the sides BC , CA and AB at D, E and F respectively, which are
represented by the complex number zd , ze , z f in order. If P  z be any point on the incircle, then

14. AP 2  BP 2  CP 2 is equal to
a) 12 b) 15 c) 16 d) 13
1 1 
 1
15. Re     is equal to
 zd ze z f 

1 1
a) 2 b) c)  d) 0
2 2

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 Complex Numbers

Comprehension-7
Let 0, z1 , z2 are the vertices O , P , Q respectively of a triangle with z1  z2  1 and POQ   . Let z1 and z2
be the roots of the equation x 2  px  q  0
z1 z2
16.  is equal to
z2 z1

a) 2 cos  b) 4 cos 2  c) 2 sin  d) 2 sin 

p2
17. is equal to
q
 
a) 2 cos 2  b) 4 cos 2  c) 2 cos 2 d) 4 cos 2
2 2
18. z2  z2 is necessarily
a) equal to 2 b) lessthan 2 c) greater than 1 d) lies between 1 and 2

Matrix Match Type

1. Let z1 and z2 are two variable complex numbers satisfying z1  z2  z1   2 z2  4 and z1  2 and
1 i 3
z2  2 and    
2 2
Column I Column II
A) The complex number z1 can be P) 2
B) The complex number z2 can be Q) 2
C) The complex numbers lies on the circle z  2 are R) 2

D) The value of 2 1   can be

2
S) 2 2
T) 2  2

Subjective Type
z1
1. If z  1, prove that  z  1 is a pure imaginary number.
z1

If arg  z1/3   arg  z 2  z z1/3  , then prove that z  1 .

1
2.
2
For complex numbers z and w , prove that z w  w z  z  w if and only of z  w or zw  1 .
2 2
3.

If z  1, w  1 show that z  w   z  w   arg  z  arg  w .

2 2 2
4.
k

 3r1 3nC2r1  0 where k 

3n
5. Prove that and n is even positive integer.
r 1
2

wish you all the best

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 Complex Numbers

KEY

Mod-Amplitude form of a complex number

Single Correct Option Type : 1) c 2) b
Multiple Correct Option Type :
Integer Answer Type :
Comprehension Type : 1) c 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) a 7) c
Matrix Match Type :
Rotation theorem
Single Correct Option Type : 1) d 2) c 3) d 4) d 5) d
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) a,b
Integer Answer Type :
Comprehension Type : 1) a 2) d 3) b
Matrix Match Type :
De Moivre’s Theorem
Single Correct Option Type : 1) d 2) a 3) b 4) b
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) a,c
Integer Answer Type : 1) 4
Comprehension Type :
Matrix Match Type :
th
n roots unity
Single Correct Option Type : 1) c 2) c 3) c 4) a 5) b 6) c 7) b 8) d
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) abd
Integer Answer Type : 1) 5 2) 9
Comprehension Type : 1) b 2) c 3) c 4) a 5) d
Matrix Match Type : 1) A  P ; B  Q ; C  R ; D  S

Cube roots of Unity

Single Correct Option Type : 1) b 2) a 3) b 4) a 5) a 6) b 7) c 8) b
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) b,c
Integer Answer Type : 1) 7 2) 4 3) 3 4) 2
Comprehension Type :
Matrix Match Type :
Trigonometry with Complex Numbers
Single Correct Option Type : 1) c
Multiple Correct Option Type :
Integer Answer Type :
Comprehension Type :
Matrix Match Type :

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 Complex Numbers

Geometry with Complex Numbers

Single Correct Option Type : 1) b 2) b 3) a 4) c 5) b 6) c 7) d 8) c
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) bcd 2) abc 3) bd 4) bc 5) acd 6) ad
Integer Answer Type : 1) 4 2) 5
Comprehension Type : 1) d 2) b 3) b 4) c 5) b 6) d 7) b 8) a 9) d
Matrix Match Type : 1) A  Q ; B  P ; C  P , T ; D  Q , T

Complex Numbers - Final practice

Single Correct Option Type : 1) a 2) b 3) d 4) b 5) c 6) d 7) c 8) a 9) b
10) b 11) a 12) b 13) a 14) b 15) c 16) d 17) a 18) b
19) d 20) b 21) c 22) d 23) c 24) b 25) c
Multiple Correct Option Type : 1) cd 2) ac 3) abd 4) ab 5) acd 6) bcd 7) bc 8) ad 9) b
10) bc 11) bc 12) abc 13) ab 14) cd 15) abcd
Integer Answer Type : 1) 8 2) 3 3) 6 4) 2 5) 2 6) 3 7) 4 8) 5 9) 3
Comprehension Type : 1) c 2) b 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) b 7) c 8) d 9) b
10) a 11) d 12) a 13) c 14) b 15) d 16) a 17) d 18) b
Matrix Match Type : 1) A  P , Q ; B  S ; C  P , Q , R , S , T ; D  R

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