4.

circular measure
1

C2
D E
C1
6 cm 10 cm

1p
3 q
A B
X

The diagram shows a circle C1 touching a circle C2 at a point X . Circle C 1 has centre A and radius
6 cm, and circle C2 has centre B and radius 10 cm. Points D and E lie on C1 and C2 respectively and
DE is parallel to AB. Angle DAX = 13 π radians and angle EBX = θ radians.

(i) By considering
√ the perpendicular distances of D and E from AB, show that the exact value of θ
3 3
is sin−1  . [3]
10

(ii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region, correct to 4 significant figures. [5]

1
2
D 10 cm C

P
10 cm
Q

0.8 rad
A 10 cm B

In the diagram, ABCD is a parallelogram with AB = BD = DC = 10 cm and angle ABD = 0.8 radians.
APD and BQC are arcs of circles with centres B and D respectively.

(i) Find the area of the parallelogram ABCD. [2]

(ii) Find the area of the complete figure ABQCDP. [2]

(iii) Find the perimeter of the complete figure ABQCDP. [2]

2
3
A S B

r
P T
2q

In the diagram, OAB is an isosceles triangle with OA = OB and angle AOB = 2 θ radians. Arc PST
has centre O and radius r, and the line ASB is a tangent to the arc PST at S.

(i) Find the total area of the shaded regions in terms of r and θ . [4]

(ii) In the case where θ = 31π and r = 6, find the total perimeter of the shaded regions, leaving your
√
answer in terms of 3 and π . [5]

3
4
A

6 cm

1
3
p
O X
B

In the diagram, AB is an arc of a circle, centre O and radius 6 cm, and angle AOB = 31 π radians. The
line AX is a tangent to the circle at A, and OBX is a straight line.
√
(i) Show that the exact length of AX is 6 3 cm. [1]
√
Find, in terms of π and 3,
(ii) the area of the shaded region, [3]
(iii) the perimeter of the shaded region. [4]

4
5
A

2 cm 2 cm

P R
B C
Q
2 cm

In the diagram, ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 2 cm. The mid-point of BC is Q. An arc of
a circle with centre A touches BC at Q , and meets AB√ at P and AC at R. Find the total area of the
shaded regions, giving your answer in terms of π and 3. [5]

5
6
A B
2.4 rad 8 cm
O

The diagram shows a metal plate made by removing a segment from a circle with centre O and radius
8 cm. The line AB is a chord of the circle and angle AOB = 2.4 radians. Find
(i) the length of AB, [2]
(ii) the perimeter of the plate, [3]
(iii) the area of the plate. [3]

6
7
X

O r B

In the diagram, AB is an arc of a circle with centre O and radius r. The line XB is a tangent to the
circle at B and A is the mid-point of OX .

(i) Show that angle AOB = 31 π radians. [2]

√
Express each of the following in terms of r , π and 3:
(ii) the perimeter of the shaded region, [3]
(iii) the area of the shaded region. [2]

7
8
B
r
A
r
O a rad

E D
C

The diagram shows a metal plate made by fixing together two pieces, OABCD (shaded) and OAED
(unshaded). The piece OABCD is a minor sector of a circle with centre O and radius 2r . The piece
OAED is a major sector of a circle with centre O and radius r. Angle AOD is ! radians. Simplifying
your answers where possible, find, in terms of !, 0 and r ,
(i) the perimeter of the metal plate, [3]
(ii) the area of the metal plate. [3]

It is now given that the shaded and unshaded pieces are equal in area.

(iii) Find ! in terms of 0. [2]

8
9

8 cm q rad

O
A 6 cm
A
Fig. 1 Fig. 2

Fig. 1 shows a hollow cone with no base, made of paper. The radius of the cone is 6 cm and the height
is 8 cm. The paper is cut from A to O and opened out to form the sector shown in Fig. 2. The circular
bottom edge of the cone in Fig. 1 becomes the arc of the sector in Fig. 2. The angle of the sector is
1 radians. Calculate
(i) the value of 1, [4]
(ii) the area of paper needed to make the cone. [2]

9
10

A B

C D

11
cm
a rad

m
5c
O

The diagram shows sector OAB with centre O and radius 11 cm. Angle AOB = ! radians. Points C
and D lie on OA and OB respectively. Arc CD has centre O and radius 5 cm.

(i) The area of the shaded region ABDC is equal to k times the area of the unshaded region OCD.
Find k . [3]

(ii) The perimeter of the shaded region ABDC is equal to twice the perimeter of the unshaded region
OCD. Find the exact value of ! . [4]

10