MCQ

1. What type of wave is a sound wave?

a) Transverse wave
b) Longitudinal wave
c) Electromagnetic wave d) Standing wave
2. What medium is required for sound waves to travel?
a) Vacuum
b) Air
c) Water
d) Steel
3. How is the amplitude of a sound wave related to its volume?
a) Higher amplitude means higher volume
b) Lower amplitude means higher volume
c) Amplitude does not affect volume
d) Amplitude is inversely related to volume
4. What is the term for the bouncing back of sound waves when they encounter a
surface?
a) Diffraction
b) Refraction
c) Reflection
d) Interference
5. What is the range of frequencies that the average human ear can hear?
a) 20 Hz to 20 KHz
b) 100 Hz to 10 kHz
c) 1 kHz to 100 kHz
d) 10 Hz to 100 Hz
6. What is the purpose of sound quantization?
a) To compress sound files for storage
b) To convert analog sound waves into discrete digital values
c) To increase the volume of sound signals
d) To reduce the frequency of sound waves
7. Which of the following sampling rates would provide better sound quality:
a) 44.1 kHz
b) 22.05 KHz
c)20.4
d)35
8. What happens if the sampling rate is too low during sound digitization?
a) The sound becomes quieter
b) The sound quality improves
c) The sound file size increases
d) The sound becomes distorted
9. Which term refers to the number of samples taken per second during sound
digitization?
a) Bit depth
 b) Sampling rate
c) Quantization level
d) Signal-to-noise ratio
10. Which part of the ear detects sound waves and converts them into electrical
signals?
a) Pinna
b) Tympanic membrane
C) Auditory nerve
d) Cochlea
11. What happens to the file size of a sound recording as the sampling rate increases?
a) It decreases
b) It increases
c) It remains constant
d) It depends on the bit depth
12. What is the purpose of quantization in PCM?
a) To reduce the size of digital signals
(b) To encode the frequency of the signal
d) To reduce the distortion in the signal
c) To encode the amplitude of the signal
13. Which of the following bit depths provides higher resolution for sound quantization?
a) 4-bit
b) 6-bit
c) 8-bit
d) 16-bit
14. What is the primary role of encoding in PCM?
a)To compress the digital signal
b) To convert the digital signal into an analog waveform
c) To assign binary codes to each quantized sample
d) To modulate the frequency of the digital signal
15. What is the role of psychoacoustic modeling in speech compression?
a To reduce the impact of compression artifacts on speech quality
b To analyze the properties of speech signals and optimize compression
parameters
c c) To improve the efficiency of compression algorithms
d) To eliminate background noise from speech signals
16. How many channels are available in a standard MIDI connection?
a) 8
b) 12
c)16
d) 24
17. What does the term "bitrate" refer to in psychoacoustic compression?
a) The number of bits used to represent each audio sample
b) The number of audio channels in a recording
c) The frequency response of an audio signal
d) The intensity of sound waves
18. Which of the following is a characteristic of temporal masking?
a It occurs when two sounds are played simultaneously with no time gap between
them
b It only affects high-frequency components in audio signals
c It has no impact on the perception of audio signals
d It occurs when one sound at a specific time reduces the audibility of another sound
shortly before
19. What is the threshold of hearing?
a The minimum amplitude of a sound that can be detected by the human ear
b The maximum frequency that can be detected by the human ear
c The minimum frequency that can be detected by the human ear
d The maximum amplitude of a sound that can be detected by the human ear
20. Which of the following compression techniques analyzes and predicts future audio
samples based on previous samples?
a) Transform coding
c) Sub-band coding
b) Predictive coding
d) Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPC)

1.⁠ ⁠Which term describes the process of reducing redundant data within a single
video frame?

B) Spatial compression

A) Temporal compression

D) Entropy compression

C) Predictive compression

2.⁠ ⁠What is the primary advantage of using predictive coding in video compression?
B) Better color accuracy

A) Higher frame rate

C) Smaller file size

D) Enhanced audio synchronization

3.⁠ ⁠What is predictive coding primarily used for in digital video compression?

A) Enhancing color depth

B) Reducing redundancy by predicting frame content

C) Increasing resolution

D) Improving audio quality

 4.⁠ ⁠Which component of video does chroma subsampling primarily affect?

A) Frame rate

B) Resolution

C) Color information

D) Audio quality

5.⁠ ⁠Why is the YUV color model preferred for video compression over the RGB color
model?

A) It requires more storage space

B) It provides higher color fidelity

C) It is easier to edit

D) It separates luminance and chrominance, allowing better compression

6.⁠ ⁠What does the term "temporal redundancy" refer to in video compression?

A) Repeated color information within a frame

B) Repeated information across multiple frames

C) Audio information redundancy

D) Spatial redundancy within a single frame

7.⁠ ⁠Which chroma subsampling format is known for having the highest color fidelity?

A) 4:2:0

B) 4:1:1
C) 4:2:2

D) 4:4:4

8.⁠ ⁠What does the "y" component represent in the YUV color model?

A) Red color channel

C) Blue color channel

B) Luminance or brightness

D) Green color channel

9.⁠ ⁠What is the advantage of encoding differences rather than absolute values in
lossless differential coding?
 A) It increases the file size

B) It simplifies the encoding process

C) It exploits redundancy for better compression

D) It enhances image resolution

10.⁠ ⁠Why is chroma subsampling less noticeable to the human eye?

A) The human eye cannot perceive color at all

C) Subsampling only affects audio quality

D) The human eye is less sensitive to color detail than to brightness detail

B) Subsampling increases brightness

12. In the chroma subsampling ratio 4:2:0", what does the “0” signify ?

A) No chroma information in every second row

B) No luminance information

C) Zero frames per second

D) No compression applied

12.⁠ ⁠What is chroma subsampling in digital video?

A) Reducing the resolution of the video

B) Compressing audio with the video

C) Reducing the color information to save space

1.⁠ ⁠Which component is responsible for converting digital audio signals into sound
waves in playback devices?

(a) Codec

(b) Digital-to-analog converter (DAC)

(c) Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)

(d) Bit rate

2.⁠ ⁠In digital audio, what is the purpose of the sampling rate?
 (a) To determine the amplitude resolution of the audio signal

(b) To control the number of bits used to represent each sample

(c) To define the frequency range of the audio signal

(d) To specify the number of samples taken per second

3.⁠ ⁠What does the term "bit rate" refer to in digital audio?

(a) The number of bits used to represent each sample

(b) The duration of each sample in the audio signal

(c) The frequency at which the audio signal is measured per second

(d) The amount of data transmitted per second

4.⁠ ⁠What is the purpose of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in digital audio
recording?

(a) To amplify the audio signal

(b) To convert the digital audio signal into an analog form

(c) To digitize the analog audio signal for storage or processing

(d) To compress the audio signal to reduce file size

5.⁠ ⁠What is the primary advantage of using lossless audio compression?

(a) Smaller file sizes compared to lossy compression

(c) Faster encoding times

(b) Preservation of all original audio data

(d) Compatibility with a wide range of devices

6.⁠ ⁠What is the Nyquist theorem related to digital audio signals?

(a) It states that every audio signal must be sampled at a rate twice its frequency
to be accurately represented digitally.

(b) It determines the maximum bit depth allowed for digital audio.

(c) It defines the optimal compression ratio for digital audio files.

(d) It sets the standards for digital audio encoding.

7.⁠ ⁠Which MPEG audio layer provides the highest compression efficiency?

(a) Layer I
 (b) Layer II

(c) Layer Ill

(d) Layer IV

8.⁠ ⁠Which term refers to the number of bits used to represent each sample in a
digital audio signal?

(a) Sampling rate

(b) Bit depth

(c) Bit rate

(d) Frequency range

9.⁠ ⁠What is the most well-known audio format based on MPEG-1 compression?

(a) MP3

(b) AAC

(c) FLAC

(d) WAV

10.⁠ ⁠What is the purpose of quantization in digital audio?

(a) To convert the analog audio signal into a digital form

(c) To round the amplitude of each sample to a discrete value

(b) To reduce the sampling rate of the audio signal

(d) To compress the audio signal for storage

11.⁠ ⁠What is a digital audio signal?

(a) A continuous representation of audio waves

(b) A discrete representation of audio waves using binary numbers

(c) A physical analog signal converted into digital form

(d) A signal that can only be transmitted through analog cables

12.⁠ ⁠How does psychoacoustic audio compression contribute to efficient data

storage?

(a) By amplifying all audio components uniformly

(b) By removing inaudible or less important audio components

 (c) By increasing the sampling rate of audio signals

(d) By applying equalization to balance audio frequencies

13.⁠ ⁠How does frequency masking affect audio compression?

(a) It reduces the need for compression on low-frequency sounds.

(b) It allows higher frequency sounds to mask lower frequency sounds.

(c) It increases the overall bitrate of the compressed audio.

(d) It improves the stereo separation of audio signals

14.⁠ ⁠What is temporal masking in psychoacoustics?

(a) A phenomenon where a loud sound makes nearby quieter sounds less
audible.

(b) A phenomenon where a sound is less audible immediately after a loud sound.

(c) A phenomenon where the duration of a sound affects its perceived loudness.

(d) A phenomenon where the pitch of a sound affects its perceived duration.

15.⁠ ⁠Which of the following affects the file size of a digital audio recording?

(a) Sampling rate

(b) Dynamic range

(c) Frequency response

(d) Bit depth

16.⁠ ⁠What is the primary purpose of lossy audio compression?

a) To preserve all original audio data

b) To increase the dynamic range of the audio signal

c) To reduce the file size while sacrificing some audio quality

d) To amplify the audio signal