Answers——Week2_recitation1_4LastID_name

OS: chap 2_OS Introduction

1. Multiple-choice questions (choose only one answer)

1) Which of the following is NOT a popular Operating System?

A.iOS
B.Windows
C.Linux
D.BIOS

2) Which of the following module is NOT the core of Operating System?

A.Process
B.Memory management
C.I/O management
D.API

3) According to our textbook, Which of the following is NOT the basic parts of a Computer
Hardware System?
A.CPU
B.Memory
C.Bus
D.OS

4) Which is NOT a part of software?

A. OS
B. Language Processor/Translator
C. Application
D. Logical Unit

5) Which of the following components is responsible for storing data and programs even after the
computer is turned off?
A. CPU
B. RAM
C. Cache
D. Hard Drive

6) Which of the following is NOT true about Operating System?

A. The OS works as Resource Manager
B. An OS makes a computer more convenient to use
C. The OS acts as an interface between applications and computer hardware
D. Every computer system must have a OS
7)Which of the following is or are the objectives of Operating System?
I. Convenience；
II. Efficiency；
III. Ability to evolve；
A.I
B.I,II
C.II, and III
D.All of them

8)Three major lines of computer system development created problems in timing and
synchronization that contributed to the development of the concept of the process, they are:
I. Serial Processing Systems;
II. Multiprogramming Batch Systems;
III. Time-Sharing Systems;
IV. Real-time systems;
A.I, II, and III
B.I, II, and IV
C.II, III, and IV
D.I, II, and IV

9)For many jobs (such as for the employee in bank), it is desirable to provide a mode in which the
user can interacts directly with the computer. So which kinds of OS was developed?
A.Serial Processing Systems
B.Simple Batch Systems
C.Multiprogramming Batch Systems
D.Time-Sharing Systems

10)Which of the following is one of the first time-sharing Operating System developed?
A.CTSS C. Unix
B.Linux D. Windows

11)Which of the following best describes Serial Processing in early computing?

A. A method of programming with high-level languages in the 1940s and 1950s.
B. A system where tasks were handled one after the other, without any special organization.
C. A technique that involved using advanced OS to communicate with computers.
D. A process that allowed computers to handle tasks simultaneously for increased efficiency.

12)Considering the Compatible Time-Sharing System (CTSS) developed at MIT in the 1960s, which
statement accurately describes one of its key features?
A. CTSS utilized complex relocation techniques for efficient memory allocation.
B. CTSS used a clock-based mechanism to switch between users, employing time slicing.
C. CTSS required large amounts of memory space for smooth operation.
D. CTSS relied on advanced interrupt handling for user transitions.
13)What type of operating system coordinates tasks across multiple computers, particularly in
scenarios where a cluster of computers is used to solve complex problems?
A. Distribution operating systems
B. Personal computer (PC) operating systems
C. Embedded operating systems
D. Big Data operating systems

14)The main reason time-sharing systems were developed is to:

A. Increase security for system users
B. Maximize CPU utilization by switching between multiple users
C. Allow real-time data processing for critical systems
D. Reduce the size of the operating system for small computers

15)A key advantage of a graphical user interface (GUI) over a Command User Interface(CUI) is:
A. Faster execution of commands
B. Easier navigation and visual interaction
C. Requires less memory to run
D. More precise control for programming tasks

2. Open-Ended Questions

1) OS VS Application: what is the similar and difference between them?

Similarity: Both an operating system (OS) and applications are types of software. They run
on computers to perform tasks, and both rely on system resources like CPU, memory, and I/O
devices to function properly......
Difference: The OS is a system software that manages the computer's hardware and
provides an environment for applications to run. It controls resource allocation, handles system-
level operations, and serves as an interface between hardware and software. Applications, on the
other hand, are user-oriented software designed to perform specific tasks (e.g., word processing,
web browsing). While an OS is essential for the computer to function, applications rely on the OS
to run......

2) Provide examples and your descriptions of at least 3 popular operating systems in use today.
Windows: Developed by Microsoft, Windows is one of the most widely used operating
systems in the world. It features a graphical user interface (GUI) and supports a wide range of
software applications, making it popular for both personal and business use.
macOS: Apple's operating system for its Mac computers. Known for its sleek design, ease of
use, and strong integration with other Apple products, macOS provides a seamless experience for
users in the Apple ecosystem.
Linux: A powerful and open-source operating system used in a variety of environments, from
servers to personal computers. Linux offers flexibility, security, and customization, making it
popular among developers and in enterprise environments.
......
3) Define an operating system (OS). According to what’s learned, name its primary
components/functions and describe them briefly, respectively.
An OS is system software that acts as an intermediary between computer hardware and
application software, providing an environment in which applications can execute.
Processes (chap 3-4 / 5-6): The OS manages processes, including process creation,
execution, termination, and coordination. It handles multitasking and ensures proper CPU
allocation to processes.
Memory Management (chap 7-8): The OS controls the allocation and deallocation of
memory for processes, managing the system’s memory hierarchy efficiently and ensuring
processes have the memory they need while preventing memory conflicts.
Information Protection and Security (chap 9): The OS protects data from unauthorized
access and manages security protocols to safeguard sensitive information and maintain system
integrity.
Scheduling & Resource Management (chap 9): The OS schedules tasks, allocates CPU time to
processes, and manages system resources to ensure efficient operation and performance across
all running applications.
I/O Management / File System (chap 11-12): The OS manages input/output devices,
ensuring smooth communication between the system and peripherals. It also organizes and
manages files on storage devices through its file system.

4) Explain the key differences between Batch Multi-programming and Time Sharing. How do their
goals and methods of operation differ?
Principal Objective:
Batch Multi-programming: The main goal is to maximize processor use. The system keeps
the CPU busy by switching between jobs in memory, ensuring that the processor is always
executing tasks and not left idle.
Time Sharing: The primary goal is to minimize response time. In time-sharing systems, each
user gets a small time slice of CPU time, and the system quickly switches between users to
provide real-time interaction, ensuring fast responses.
Source of Directives to the Operating System:
Batch Multi-programming: The commands for job execution come from job control language
(JCL) that is submitted with the job itself. This means that once the job is submitted, the user
does not interact with the system until the job is completed.
Time Sharing: In contrast, commands are entered directly by the user at the terminal. Users
interact with the system in real-time, issuing commands that the system processes immediately,
allowing for interactive use.
In summary, Batch Multi-programming focuses on efficient resource utilization without real-
time interaction, while Time Sharing focuses on providing users with quick responses and real-
time interaction with the system.