TENDER STAGE DESIGN:

ELECTRIFICATION REPORT
UNDER

DEPARTMENT OF WATER
RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION

MINISTRY OF ENERGY,
WATER RESOURCES AND
IRRIGATION, NEPAL
 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

ABBREVIATIONS
AAAC All Aluminum Alloy Conductor
ABC Aerial Bundled Cable
ACSR Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced
ADB Asian Development Bank
DWRI Department of Water Resources and Irrigation
Ha Hector
HT High Tension
INPS Integrated Nepal Power System
kV Kilo Volt
kW Kilo Watt
LT Low Tension
MIIP Mechanized Irrigation Innovation Project
MW Mega Watt
MVA Mega Volt Ampere
NEA Nepal Electricity Authority
NPR Nepali Rupee
PV Photo Voltaic
STP Steel Tubular Pole
TW Tubewell
USD American Dollar
V Volt
WRPPF Water Resource Project Preparation Facility
XLPE Cross Linked Polyethylene
AAAC All Aluminum Alloy Conductor
ABC Aerial Bundled Cable
ACSR Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced
ADB Asian Development Bank
DWRI Department of Water Resources and Irrigation
Ha Hector
HT High Tension
INPS Integrated Nepal Power System
kV Kilo Volt
kW Kilo Watt

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

Chapter 1 Table of Contents

CHAPTER I-INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 3
1.1. BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................... 3
1.2. SCOPE OF TUBE WELL ELECTRIFICATION ................................................ 4
CHAPTER II-PROJECT AREA............................................................................................ 6
2.1. LOCATION .............................................................................................................. 6
2.2. ACCESIBILITY ...................................................................................................... 6
2.3. ELECTRICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................... 6
CHAPTER III-TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IN PROJECT AREA ................................... 9
3.1. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM ................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER IV-MEDIUM VOLTAGE SYSTEM ............................................................... 11
4.1. GENERAL .............................................................................................................. 11
4.2. SARLAHI ............................................................................................................... 12
4.3. RAUTAHAT ........................................................................................................... 14
CHAPTER V- ELECTRICAL NETWORK FOR THE MIIP PROJECT ...................... 17
5.1. GENERAL .............................................................................................................. 17
5.2. SARLAHI ............................................................................................................... 17
HARIWAN AREA .......................................................................................................... 17
SUPPLY IN MALANGWA AREA ............................................................................... 19
SUPPLY IN GADAHIYA DUMARIYA ...................................................................... 20
5.3. RAUTAHAT ........................................................................................................... 21
GAUR SUBSTATION AREA ....................................................................................... 21
MAULAPUR SUBSTATION AREA ............................................................................ 22
CHAPTER VI- ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES .............................................................. 23
CHAPTER VII- SUMMARY ............................................................................................... 26

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

CHAPTER I-INTRODUCTION

1.1. BACKGROUND

The planned Mechanized Irrigation Innovation Project (MIIP) aims to establish a

system of 500 publicly owned deep tube wells, each capable of irrigating approximately
40 hectares of land in the southern regions of Sarlahi and Rautahat districts in Madhes
Province. Each pump will be connected to a medium voltage distribution supply
through a dedicated transformer. The key aspect of electrical design is as follows.
• Identify the Distribution Network: Map out the existing 33kV and 11kV power
distribution systems in the project area.
• Calculate Load Demand: Determine the power needs of the project based on
where substations are located.
• Assess Expansion Needs: Evaluate whether the current 11kV and 33kV
networks need to be expanded or upgraded to meet demand.

Figure 1: Project Location Map

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

1.2. SCOPE OF TUBEWELL ELECTRIFICATION

As per tender, the Water Resources Project Preparatory Facility (WRPPF) has determined that,
despite the cessation of load shedding, the project area continues to experience an unreliable
power supply, which may jeopardize the effective operation of tube wells (TWs). To ensure a
dependable and adequately powered system, the installation of a 30 MW solar photovoltaic
(PV) power plant was proposed. This solar plant would be connected to the NEA's 132 kV
transmission line through a newly constructed 132 kV substation. The WRPPF report also
outlined the need to enhance the existing 33 kV distribution network. This could involve
reinforcing or replacing current infrastructure and, where necessary, implementing dedicated
33 kV lines to supply TWs through new 33 kV/0.4 kV transformers that would serve clusters
of 5-6 TWs, thus eliminating the need for a step-down to an 11 kV substation. However, the
NEA has indicated that it experiences surplus energy during wet seasons and has the
infrastructure to import additional energy during dry seasons. Consequently, the decision was
made to abandon the provision of power from the new solar plant, meaning that the entire
electrical demand for the project will now be fulfilled through the NEA network. Currently,
NEA utilizes the 33 kV medium voltage primarily for inter-substation connections and large
loads, while the 11 kV medium voltage distribution network caters to medium and small
consumers. Although the project's total power demand is 15 MVA, this demand will be met
through multiple substations and feeders. During consultations with NEA project managers and
distribution center chiefs, it was noted that the 33 kV network is reserved for dedicated
substation-to-substation lines, with no tapping allowed for smaller users. In Madhes province,
where 100% electrification has been achieved, every household in both districts has access to
electricity, and the 11 kV lines extend to every municipal ward. As the power demand from the
TWs will be distributed, each TW or small cluster will be treated as a single consumer, with
supply coming from different feeders connected to nearby substations. This approach was
reaffirmed during a consultation mission in November 2021, which included NEA
participation, leading to the conclusion that a dedicated 33 kV network for irrigation is
unnecessary at this stage. A critical factor for the project's success is a reliable power supply.
NEA has begun designing and acquiring land for a new grid substation near the project area,
though its commissioning will not precede the MIIP project implementation. Nevertheless, it
is anticipated that expanding the distribution network will become more manageable, thereby

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

improving supply reliability. Therefore, while planning the infrastructure for the irrigation
project, it is essential to consider these developments to ensure that the infrastructure remains
relevant and effective for the future.

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

CHAPTER II-PROJECT AREA

2.1. LOCATION
The Project area lies between 28º N latitude and 82ºE to 82ºE Longitude. The project
area constitutes 22400 ha lies in the districts of Rautahat and Sarlahi in the Terai and
Madesh Province.

Figure 2: Google Earth Image of Project Location

2.2. ACCESIBILITY
The project area is accessible both by roads and air. There is all weather gravel road
which meets command area. The nearest airport is at Pokhara which is 35.6 km away from
Sarlahi which provides two or three flights per week.

2.3. ELECTRICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

The project area spans the Rautahat and Sarlahi districts in Province No. 2, overseen
by the Provincial Office of the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) located in Janakpur.
NEA has established a standardized medium voltage distribution network operating at 11
kV, alongside a low voltage distribution network functioning at 400/230 V. The sub-

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

transmission system operates at an intermediate voltage of 33 kV, connecting grid

substations (operating at 66 kV or higher) to distribution substations also at 33 kV. This 33
kV sub-transmission line primarily serves as a dedicated connection between substations,
with some supply to a few large consumers equipped with their own step-down
substations.
The 11 kV distribution lines, originating from the distribution substations, are
predominantly overhead lines constructed using aluminum conductor steel reinforced
(ACSR) conductors. These lines utilize various conductor sizes, including Dog (100 sq.
mm), Rabbit (50 sq. mm), and Weasel (30 sq. mm). In an effort to enhance reliability and
safety, NEA is in the process of upgrading its distribution lines by integrating underground
cables and overhead insulated conductors, such as Aerial Bundled Cable (ABC) for low
voltage lines, and XLPE-covered AAAC and ABC cables for medium voltage lines across
various regions.
As part of the MIIP project, the existing distribution substations and the 11 kV network
will be utilized wherever feasible. The extension of 11 kV lines will ensure that the low
voltage line distances remain short—less than 1,000 meters from the load transformer.
This approach not only enhances reliability and safety but also minimizes non-technical
losses associated with theft, as insulated conductors will be deployed in both high tension
(HT) and low tension (LT) lines. The project specifies the use of XLPE-covered AAAC
conductors of 100 sq. mm for all 11 kV lines, consistent with NEA's practices in other
regions and ongoing projects. For the LT line extensions, Aerial Bundled Cable (ABC) of
50 sq. mm will be employed from the 11/0.4 kV transformers to pump sets.
In upgrading existing 11 kV feeders currently using Weasel and Rabbit conductors,
NEA will assess load demands from planned tube wells to determine necessary upgrades
to AAAC conductors. The selection of conductors will ensure that voltage regulation
remains within 5%. To sustain adequate voltage levels along longer feeders, they will be
subdivided and supplied from alternative substations or paths as needed. The 33 kV feeders
and substation capacities will also be recommended for upgrades to accommodate the
anticipated load growth stemming from the project.
Moreover, the extension of both HT and LT lines will be carried out with careful
consideration of minimizing impacts on human settlements and agricultural lands. All HT
lines will be routed along roads using 11-meter poles. In certain instances, LT lines may

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

traverse agricultural fields; however, the use of poles taller than 8 meters and ABC cables
will help mitigate disruptions to agricultural activities.

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

CHAPTER III-TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IN

PROJECT AREA
3.1. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
The Integrated Nepal Power System (INPS) primarily relies on hydropower plants as
its main source of electricity. This energy is transmitted across the country via a network
of transmission lines operating at 400 kV, 220 kV, 132 kV, and 66 kV. The distribution of
electricity occurs by stepping down the voltage at grid substations to levels of 33 kV and
11 kV for local distribution networks. A diagram depicting the transmission network and
the various grid substations within the INPS is presented in below Figure.

Figure 3 Integrated Nepal Power System

Madhesh Province (formerly known as Province No. 2), which includes Sarlahi and
Rautahat districts, has achieved 100% electrification, with every household connected to
the national electricity grid. The power supply to Sarlahi and Rautahat is primarily
provided through the Chapur, Dhalkebar, and newly constructed Nawalpur substations.
Figure 2 presents a schematic of the transmission network in these two districts.
The Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) has proposed the construction of two new 132
kV substations, one each in Rautahat and Sarlahi districts. In Sarlahi, the Salimpur

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

substation is planned for Chainpura, Chakraghatta-7. It aims to improve the quality and
reliability of the power supply, particularly in the southern part of Sarlahi. The construction
tender was scheduled to open in June 2022, with an estimated completion date in 2025.
Once operational, the Salimpur substation will supply electricity to the existing Malangwa
and Barahathwa substations and the upcoming Gadahiya Dumariya 33/11 kV substation.
The substation will be linked to the Nawalpur substation through a 20 km long 132 kV
double-circuit transmission line. Currently, the IEE (Initial Environmental Examination)
study is underway, and construction work on the boundary wall, guardhouse, and storage
facility is in progress.
In Rautahat, the Sukdevchok substation is planned for Sarautha, Yamunamai-4, and
will enhance the reliability of electricity supply in the middle and southern parts of the
district. This substation will feed the existing Gaur and Maulapur substations, as well as
the planned Manpur 33/11 kV substation. The Sukdevchok substation will be connected to
the Chapur substation via a 35 km long 132 kV double-circuit transmission line and is
expected to be completed by 2027/28. Preparatory works for the Manpur substation,
including the IEE study and land acquisition, are currently underway. This substation is
part of the "Rural Electrification and Distribution Network Reinforcements in Province 2"
project. The contract for this project was awarded to Tata Projects Limited in 2021, with a
scheduled completion date of January 2024.

Figure 4 Transmission Network in Project Districts

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

CHAPTER IV-MEDIUM VOLTAGE SYSTEM

4.1. GENERAL
In the distribution network, the Sarlahi and Rautahat districts receive power through
33 kV medium voltage networks, which originate from the Nawalpur and Chapur 132 kV
grid substations, respectively. Since then, the power supply to the Haripur and Malangwa
substations—under the Lalbandi and Malangwa distribution centers—has been transferred
from the Chapur substation to the Nawalpur substation. This change has significantly
reduced the length of the medium voltage lines connecting the grid substation to these
medium voltage distribution substations, improving efficiency and reliability. Figure 3
illustrates the medium voltage distribution network schematic.

Figure 5 Medium Voltage Distribution Network in Project Districts

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

4.2. SARLAHI
Sarlahi district is served by three distribution centers:
• Lalbandi Distribution Center
• Malangawa Distribution Center
• Barhathwa Distribution Center
Of these, the Lalbandi and Malangawa distribution centers cover the project area of the
Madhesh Irrigation Improvement Project (MIIP). The operation of the Nawalpur 132 kV
grid substation has significantly enhanced the distribution network in the district, leading
to improved voltage levels and a reduction in technical losses. Previously, the Haripur
substation, supplied by the Chapur substation, powered areas such as Lalbandi, Hariwon,
Haripur, and nearby regions.
Out of the four 11 kV feeders at the Haripur substation, the Hariwon and Lalbandi feeders
have now been transferred to the Nawalpur substation, while the Barahathawa and
Pachagachhiya feeders continue to receive power from the Haripur substation.
Additionally, the supply to the tubewells (TWs) in Hariwon Wards 3 and 4 will be provided
through the Hariwon feeder. Figure 4 illustrates the medium voltage distribution network
along with the proposed tubewell locations.
The southern region of Malangwa receives its electricity supply from the 33/11 kV
Malangwa substation, which serves a large area extending from the east of the Rautahat
district, across the LalBakaiya River, to the Haripurwa region, and westward to the border
of Mahottari district. Initially, this substation was fed by the Chapur grid substation
through the Haripur substation via a single-circuit 33 kV line, resulting in voltage issues
due to the long distance. However, since the commissioning of the 132 kV Nawalpur
substation, the distance has been reduced from 58 km to 30 km, significantly improving
voltage stability. Currently, two 8/6 MVA power transformers at the Malangwa substation
operate at full capacity during summer peak hours. Four 11 kV feeders originate from the
Malangwa substation.
The Malangwa Distribution Center is responsible for supplying power to the proposed
tubewells located in the municipalities of Malangwa, Kaudena, Bishnu, Godaita,
Ramnagar, and Balara. Once the Gadahiya-Dumariya substation becomes operational,
tubewells in Balara, Ramnagar, and parts of Godaita will receive power from that
substation. At present, the Kaudena feeder, which originates from the Malangwa

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

substation, serves the entire Madhesh Irrigation Improvement Project (MIIP) area in
southern Sarlahi. This feeder stretches nearly 330 km, utilizing mostly dog conductor (100
mm²) on the main line and a mix of rabbit (50 mm²) and weasel (30 mm²) conductors on
the branch lines. The peak load on the Kaudena feeder is 240 A, with the largest load being
a 500 kVA sugar mill located in Bagdaha.

Figure 6 MIIP Project and NEA MV Distribution Network in Sarlahi

The Haripurwa substation, currently under construction in eastern Sarlahi, is expected to
relieve some of the load on the Malangwa substation's transformers. However, there are
no approved plans for upgrading the Malangwa substation at this time. The Gadahiya-
Dumariya 33/11 kV substation is also under construction and will be connected to the
Malangwa substation through a 33 kV line. The poles have already been erected along
most of the 20 km route, except for a few disputed locations. Once these disputes are
resolved, stringing will be carried out using panther conductors. Construction at the
substation site has been on hold for over a year, although the boundary wall, building

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

structure, and foundation have been completed. The NEA Provincial Office in Janakpur is
currently negotiating with the contractor to resume work.
In the future, a 33 kV feeder will be supplied from the proposed 132 kV Salimpur grid
substation, which will be equipped with a 16 MVA transformer. Two new feeders will also
be established, incorporating the existing Kaudena feeder west of Godaita Bazaar.
Construction of the substation and line began in 2017, and the project is expected to be
completed within a year after resolving disputes over the line alignment and substation,
with completion estimated by 2023.

4.3. RAUTAHAT
Electricity supply in Rautahat district is managed through three distribution centers:

• Chapur Distribution Center

• Gaur Distribution Center

• Maulapur Distribution Center

Among these, the Gaur and Maulapur distribution centers cover the project area of the Madhesh
Irrigation Improvement Project (MIIP). The Gaur Distribution Center supplies power via the
Harshaha 33/11 kV substation and the Gaur 33/11 kV substation, which serve the areas of Gaur,
Ishnath, Rajdevi, Durga Bhagbhati, Yamunamai, Paroha, Madhavnarayan, and surrounding
regions. The Gaur substation plays a critical role, covering most of the MIIP project area in the
district. The proposed tubewell (TW) locations and feeders for Rautahat are illustrated in Figure
5.

The Gaur substation is connected to the Chapur grid substation via a 33 kV line using dog
conductors. The total length of this line is 42 km, which is considered quite long. Of the five
feeders originating from the Gaur substation, the Bahurhawa and Bairiya feeders are
particularly long and experience higher loads. These feeders are equipped with a mix of dog
and rabbit conductors. The Gaur and Purenwa feeders use a combination of conductors, with
some branches using smaller weasel conductors. The Bankul feeder is equipped with dog
conductors and has a relatively lighter load, especially following the addition of the Maulapur
substation.

Last year, the peak loads for the feeders were as follows:

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

• Gaur Feeder: Peak load of 85 A, supplying the Gaur City area.

• Bahurhawa Feeder: Peak load of 160 A, supplying the northern region towards Pipara
Bazaar in Durga Bhagwati municipality.

• Bairiya Feeder: Peak load of 160 A, serving the areas west of the LalBakaiya River in
Ishnath, Rajpur, and Paroha municipalities.

• Bankul Feeder: Peak load of 60 A, supplying Maulapur and Bankul. This feeder was
previously charged at 33 kV from Kalaiya but is now used at 11 kV for local
distribution.

• Purenwa Feeder: Peak load of 60 A, supplying rural areas to the east of Gaur after
being separated from the Gaur feeder.

One challenge faced in the region is the use of poles that are mostly less than 11 meters in
height, with some even as short as 8 meters. These poles carry both 11 kV and low-tension (LT)
lines, which has led to safety concerns and reliability issues. The 11 kV feeders often need to
be shut down even for maintenance work on the LT lines, causing interruptions in power supply.

Figure 7 MIIP Project and MV Distribution Network in Sarlahi

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

The Maulapur Distribution Center supplies electricity to the municipalities of Bijaypur,

Katahariya, Dewahi Gonahi, Maulapur, and Baudhimai through the newly commissioned
Maulapur substation. This substation receives power from the Chapur substation via the
Harshaha substation and is currently equipped with a single 6/8 MVA transformer. The
substation operates three feeders, each less than 20 km in length. Most of these feeders,
including their branches, use Dog or Rabbit conductors. Additionally, the Bankul feeder, which
was previously supplied by the Gaur substation, has been rerouted to Maulapur from the section
north of Bam Nahar and now serves the Baudhimai area.

The peak loads for the feeders this year are as follows:

• Dewahi Feeder: 14 A

• Maulapur Feeder: 101 A

• Katahariya Feeder: 124 A

• Bankul (Baudhimai) Feeder: 50 A

At present, the Maulapur substation does not face any loading issues, with all feeders operating
well within their capacity limits. However, a significant issue is the widespread use of 8-meter
poles in the high-tension (HT) lines, which is insufficient. These poles need to be replaced with
at least 11-meter poles for safety and reliability. A photograph (referenced in the Annex)
illustrates the problem: on a blacktopped road that is about 1 meter above ground level, poles
are shown to be in close proximity to trees and even over the rooftops of houses, highlighting
the need for taller, safer poles.

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

CHAPTER V- ELECTRICAL NETWORK FOR

THE MIIP PROJECT
5.1. GENERAL
The average motor drive system rating for the tube wells in this project will be 35
KW. These systems will be efficient and equipped with power factor correction equipment
to enhance performance. The power demand for each tube well at full load is estimated at
35 KW, and this figure is used to calculate the overall load demand. To accommodate
additional potential loads, each tube well will be connected to the next available standard
transformer size used by the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA). NEA has standardized
transformer ratings for its 11/0.4 kV distribution network at 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kVA.
The smallest transformer that will be used in this project is a 50 kVA unit.
For peak load estimations, it is assumed that all tube wells will operate at full capacity
simultaneously, with a unity diversity factor, meaning the total peak demand equals the
sum of the individual peak demands of each tube well. To ensure reliable and safe power
supply, in line with NEA practices, the 11 kV lines will use XLPE-covered AAAC
conductors with a cross-section of 100 sq. mm on 11-meter spun concrete poles (STP). For
low-tension (LT) line extensions from the 11/0.4 kV transformers to the pump sets, 50 sq.
mm Aerial Bundled Cable (ABC) will be used with 9-meter STP poles.

5.2. SARLAHI
HARIWAN AREA
The project plans to install 10 tube wells (TWs) in the Sasapur area, located west of the
Lakhandai River. Of these, six tube wells will be situated in Ward 3 of Hariwan Municipality,
and the remaining four in Ward 4. This area falls under the Lalbandi Distribution Center of the
Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) and is supplied by the newly commissioned Nawalpur grid
substation via the 11 kV Hariwan feeder. The power supply to the Sasapur area branches off
from the Hariwan feeder, just 2.5 km from the Nawalpur substation.

The main Hariwan feeder and the branch supplying the Sasapur area utilize Dog conductors,
with further branches extending along all major roads, providing close proximity to most tube
well locations, except for a few that are approximately 500 meters away. The existing 11 kV

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

NEA lines run alongside the roads, and both sides are lined with mostly cemented houses.
Therefore, it is recommended that XLPE-covered AAAC conductors be used for the high-
tension (HT) line extensions to ensure safety and reliability.

To further enhance supply reliability, a 1,800-meter stretch from the other end of the 11 kV
feeder at Gelah could be connected to the main Hariwan feeder. This would improve the
stability and security of the power supply in the area. The extension of HT and low-tension
(LT) lines, along with the proposed transformer locations, is illustrated in Figure.

The load calculations for the Hariwan area, which is supplied by the Nawalpur substation via
the Hariwan feeder, are provided in Table 1. The Nawalpur substation is equipped with a 16
MVA transformer, and the current load on the Hariwan feeder remains well below the
transformer's rated capacity, ensuring sufficient power for the planned tube wells.

Sarlahi Power Distribution

Hariwon feeder at nawalpur substation from 16 MVA transformer

No of TW Total Tube
served by well
Transformer.
No of tubewell 10
Average power 35
demand of tubewell
Total Demand 350
No of Transformer 9
50 KVA 8 8 8
100 KVA 1 2(1 x 2) 2
150 KVA 0 0 0
Total Connected Load 500 KVA 10

Line Type Length km Conductor

11 kV Feeder 2.26 XLPE AAAC (100 sq. mm)

LT Line 2.72 ABC (50 sq. mm)

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

SUPPLY IN MALANGWA AREA

The Malangwa substation will provide electricity to the project areas within the municipalities
of Malangawa, Kaudena, Bishnu, and parts of Godaita. Power will be supplied through the
Kaudena feeder, which features a main branch that extends 11 km towards Godaita and 14 km
towards Bishnu after branching off from the Gadahiya-Dumariya substation at Godaita Bazaar.
Most of this feeder runs alongside roadways, facilitating easy access.

The extension of both high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) lines, as well as the locations of
transformers, are depicted in the accompanying figure. Load calculations for the Malangwa
area, which will be served by the Malangwa substation via the Kaudena feeder, are presented
in Table below. The Malangwa substation is currently equipped with two 6/8 MVA
transformers, but with the increased demand resulting from the irrigation project, there will be
a need to upgrade the substation's capacity

Sarlahi Power Distribution

Malangwa is supplied by Malangwa substation via Kaudena
feeder having 2*6/8 MVA transformer.

No of TW served Total
by Transformer. Tube well

No of tubewell 74
Average power 35
demand of tubewell
Total Demand 2590
No of Transformer 45
50 KVA 23 23 23
100 KVA 21 46(4x3+17x2) 46
150 KVA 1 4 4
Total Connected Load 3250 KVA 73

Line Type Length km Conductor

11 kV Feeder 16.5 XLPE AAAC (100 sq. mm)

LT Line 21 ABC (50 sq. mm)

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

SUPPLY IN GADAHIYA DUMARIYA

The Gadahiya Dumariya 33/11 kV substation will comprise three feeders, including the
existing Kaudena feeder from Malangawa and two new feeders. This substation will supply the
area east of Godaita, resulting in feeder lengths to the tube well locations of approximately 10
km. Consequently, there are expected to be no voltage or load issues associated with the
Gadahiya Dumariya substation. Since the substation will receive power from the Malangwa
substation via the same 33 kV feeder originating from Nawalpur, it is essential to provide
reactive power compensation at both the Malangwa and Gadahiya Dumariya substations,
which will be managed by the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA). The layout for the extension
of high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) lines, as well as the locations of transformers, is
illustrated in Figure. Load calculations for the western Sarlahi area, which will be served by
the Gadahiya substation, are detailed in Table. Given that the Malangwa substation is equipped
with two 6/8 MVA transformers, there will be a need to upgrade the substation’s capacity to
accommodate the demands of the irrigation project. The commissioning of the new substation
and feeders will greatly enhance the electrical distribution system in the area. With every tube
well (TW) location situated within 10 km of the new substation, satisfactory voltage levels can
be maintained. However, the area will necessitate substantial upgrades to the existing feeders,
which currently use weasel and rabbit conductors. The total extension required for high-tension
(HT) and low-tension (LT) lines is detailed in the table below. This upgrade will ensure reliable
and efficient power supply to meet the demands of the area effectively.

Sarlahi Power Distribution

Gadahiya area is supplied by Gadahiya dhumaria substation
which is fed from Malangwa substation via Kaudena feeder having
2*6/8 MVA transformer.
No of TW served Total
by Transformer. Tube well
No of tubewell 127
Average power 35
demand of tubewell
Total Demand 4445
No of Transformer 93
50 KVA 63 63 63
100 KVA 30 64(4x3+26x2) 64
150 KVA 0 0 0
Total Connected Load 6150 KVA 127

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

Line Type Length km Conductor

11 kV Feeder 34.4 XLPE AAAC (100 sq. mm)

LT Line 29 ABC (50 sq. mm)

5.3. RAUTAHAT
GAUR SUBSTATION AREA
The Gaur substation will provide electricity to several municipalities, including Gaur, Ishnath,
Paroha, Rajpur, Yemunamai, Kaudena, Durga Bhagwati, Rajdevi, and parts of Baudhimai.
Power will be distributed through five feeders originating from the Gaur substation. The
majority of tube well (TW) locations are situated within the coverage area of the Bairiya feeder,
which is notably long. The main branches of the 11 kV lines primarily utilize Dog conductors,
while the branches consist of a mix of Dog, Rabbit, and Weasel conductors.

The Bankul feeder has been sectionalized north of Bam Nahar and is now supplied via the
Maulapur substation. A significant number of tube wells are in Ishnath (72), Rajpur (48), and
Paroha (46), with most of these municipalities receiving power from the Bairiya feeder,
although some areas are served by the Bankul feeder.

Currently, the 11 kV lines are being expanded along the dam of the Lal Bakaiya River,
extending from Bairiya Mandir in Rajpur to Hanuman Mandir at Banjarah in Ishnath. To
enhance reliability in the western part of Ishnath, it is proposed that the Bairiya feeder be
divided into two separate feeders. The existing feeder should be sectionalized at the border
between Rajpur and Ishnath, with the lower section of the Bairiya feeder creating a new
outgoing feeder from the Gaur substation, crossing the Lal Bakaiya River to connect at
Banjarah.

Additionally, to supply tube wells in Rajdevi, the Bahurhawa feeder should be extended from
the Gaur-Chapur Road through rural roads to connect with the Gaur-Samapur Road up to Bam
Nahar. Some branches of the Bankul and Bairiya feeders have sustained damage from flooding
and are awaiting reinstatement. The details regarding the number of tube wells, transformers,
and power demand in the area are outlined in the accompanying table, which provides an
overview of the electrical distribution network for the MIIP project area.

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

Rautahat Power Distribution

This area is supplied from Gaur substation mainly from bairiya
feeder.

No of TW served Total
by Transformer. Tube
well
No of tubewell 252
Average power demand 25
of tubewell
Total Demand 6300
No of Transformer 175
50 KVA 116 116 116
100 KVA 56 124(12X3+44X2) 124
150 KVA 3 12 12
Total Connected Load 11400 KVA 252

Line Type Length km Conductor

11 kV Feeder 32.9 XLPE AAAC (100 sq. mm)

LT Line 78.1 ABC (50 sq. mm)

MAULAPUR SUBSTATION AREA

The Maulapur distribution center supplies electricity to the municipalities of Bijaypur,
Katahariya, Dewahhi Gonahi, Maulapur, and Baudhimai. The Maulapur substation is equipped
with a 6/8 MVA transformer and receives power from the Chapur substation via the Harshaha
substation. The addition of 40 tube wells (TWs) with a combined load of 30 kVA necessitates
the installation of an additional power transformer at the substation.

The substation currently has three feeders, each with a maximum length of 20 km. Most of
these feeders utilize Dog or Rabbit conductors for both the main lines and their branches. A
significant issue is the widespread use of 8 m poles for high-tension (HT) lines, which should
be replaced with poles that are at least 11 m tall to improve safety and reliability.

The proposed extension of high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) lines, along with
transformer locations, is illustrated in the accompanying figure. Details regarding the number
of tube wells, transformers, and power demand in the area are summarized in the table below

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

CHAPTER VI- ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES

The following are the accessories required for electrical installation to power up the tubewells.

I. 11 kV line material (100 sq. mm AAAC covered conductor)-

The 11 kV conductor means 11000 V XLPE Covered Conductor for use as
overhead distribution feeders suitable on 3-phase AC System conforming to
EN 50397-1: 2006 or AS 3675 with up- to-date amendments (or equivalent
standard) with all accessories. The conductor shall be of multi-strand round
compacted hard drawn aluminum alloy and the Conductor wires shall not have
any joints except for those made on the base wire.
II. Steel tubular pole (STP)- The tubular steel poles shall conform to the latest edition of
Indian Standard Specifications: 2713 (Part – I, II): 1980. The materials used in
construction of tubular steel poles shall be of the tested quality of steel of minimum
tensile strength 410 MPa (42 Kgf/mm2). The materials, when analyzed in accordance
with IS: 228 (Part-III: 1972) and IS: 228(Part-IX) shall not contain Sulphur and
phosphorus more than 0.060% each. The Cap of Steel Tubular Poles of sizes 9 Mtr. 11
Mtr. and 13 Mtr. should be welded.
III. 0.4/.230 kV line material (50 sq. mm ABC)- Aerial bunched Cables for use in L.T.
overhead lines are preferred than conventional L.T. overhead lines with bare conductors
as those are not subjected to frequent faults as happens with the bare conductors and
also to minimize problem of tree clearance etc. ABC System is safer and eliminates use
of insulators and associated hardware required for bare conductors. Specification for
AERIAL Bunched Cables for working Voltage Up to & including 1100 Volts shall be
as per IS 14255-1995. Specification for Conductors for Insulated Cables shall be as per
IS : 8130. Specification for Aluminum Alloy Conductor shall be as per IS : 398 (Part-
IV). The rated Voltage of LT AB Cables shall be 1100 Volts. The Conductor (with
protective barrier, wherever applied) shall be provided with cross linked polyethylene
applied by extrusion conforming to the standard Specification as per IS 14255/95.
IV. 33 kV line material (100 sq. mm ACSR covered conductor)- The conductors shall
comply with the Indian Standard Specification IS: 398 (Part I & II) of 1996 with latest
amendments. The material shall be of the best quality and workmanship. The stranded
steel re-enforced conductors shall be manufactured from hard-drawn aluminum wires

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

and galvanized steel wires. The coating of the galvanized steel wires shall be applied
by the hot process or electrolysis process in accordance with IS: 4826–1968 or latest
amendment thereof. The wires shall be smooth and free from all imperfections such as
soil and splits.
V. Distribution Transformer- The 3-phase distribution transformers mean oil-immersed,
natural-cooled single and three- phase distribution transformers suitable for outdoors
installation on Such transformers shall conform to the latest edition of the appropriate
IEC s and/or other recognized international standards. In particular:
IEC 60076 Power transformers.
IEC 60137 Insulating Bushings for alternating voltages above 1 kV.
IEC 60156 Insulating liquids-Determination of the breakdown voltage at power
frequency- test method.
IEC 60296 for unused mineral insulating oils for transformers and switchgear.
IEC 60551 Determination of transformer and reactor sound levels.
IEC 60616 Terminal and tapping materials for power transformer.
IEC 60722 Guide to lightning and switching impulse testing of power transformers and
reactors 11 kV, 50 Hz distribution systems.
11/.4 kV,50 kVA,100 kVA,150 kVA Transformer are considered in conceptual design.

VI. Power Transformer-The MIIP electrification requires two types of transformers. The
Transformers required for up-gradation of substations are of higher capacity and those
for electrification of GWIS are of lower capacity. AII transformers shall conform to the
latest edition of the appropriate IEC s and/or other equivalent or better international
standards. In case the Bidders wish to offer material conforming to the other standards,
salient points of difference between the standards adopted and the specific standards
shall be clearly brought out in relevant schedule In particular:
• IEC 60076 Power transformer
• IEC 60137 Insulating bushings for alternating voltages above 1 kV
• IEC 60156 Insulating liquids - Determination of the breakdown voltage at
power frequency - Test method
• IEC 60296 for unused mineral insulating oils for transformers and Switchgear.
• IEC 60551 Determination of transformer and reactor sound levels
• IEC 60616 Terminal and tapping markings for power transformer

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

• IEC 60722 Guide to the lightning impulse and switching impulse testing of
power transformers and reactors.
The Transformer shall be connected to Three Phase 50Hz system with Higher side
Voltage being 33 kV. The Transformer should be capable of operating continuously at
its rated output without exceeding the temperature rise limits and the weather condition
of the project described in the general section. 33/11 KV 16 MVA Transformer and
33/11 KV 6/8 MVA Transformer are considered in conceptual design.
The Transformer winding shall be designed to withstand short circuit stresses at its
terminal with full voltage maintained behind it for a period as per IEC-60076. The
Transformer shall be capable of operation at the rated output under the following
conditions:
1. The voltage varying ± 10% of rated Voltage.
2. The Frequency varying ± 5% of rated Frequency.

The tentative requirement of electrification works is given below based on a previous source.

ITEM DESCRIPTION SARLAHI RAITAHAT TOTAL

QTY QTY
1 11 kV Supply and Install 54 33 87
2 0.4 kV Supply and Install 53 92 145
3 Transformer 50 kVA 94 133 227
4 Transformer 100 kV A 52 65 117
5 Transformer 150 kVA 1 3 4
6 11 kV upgrade 35 69.5 104.5
7 33 kV Supply and Install 30 30
8 16 MVA Transformer 1 1 2
9 6/8 MVA Transformer 1 1

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 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION,
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, WATER RESOURCES AND IRRIGATION, NEPAL

CHAPTER VII- SUMMARY

Electricity access has been successfully extended to every household in the project area, with
the existing network also utilized for irrigation purposes. However, delays in the construction
of the planned substation have resulted in voltage and reliability issues in the power supply. To
address this, various construction and upgrade activities for the 33 kV and 11 kV distribution
networks are currently underway to enhance the reliability and quality of the electricity supply.

The reliability and quality of power to the tube wells (TWs) associated with the Madhesh
Irrigation Improvement Project (MIIP) can be further improved through measures such as
network expansion, reconfiguration, and upgrades. These efforts aim to limit feeder lengths
and increase power-carrying capacity. Load demand for the MIIP project is distributed across
the region, and power to the TWs will be supplied via multiple substations and feeders. Each
transformer will be treated as an individual customer by the Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA),
enabling continued supply through the existing 11 kV network, provided necessary expansions
and upgrades are made, thus eliminating the need for a dedicated 33 kV feeder.

For the MIIP project implementation, it is recommended to use 100 sq mm XLPE-covered

AAAC conductors for the 11 kV lines and 50 sq mm Aerial Bundled Cable (ABC) conductors
for low-tension (LT) lines. This will ensure reliable supply, enhance safety, and accommodate
future load demands.

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