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1 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND

MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
Solution Manual for Physics, 11th Edition, John
D. Cutnell, Kenneth W. Johnson, David Young,
Shane Stadler,
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ANSWERS TO FOCUS ON CONCEPTS QUESTIONS

1. (d) The resultant vector R is drawn from the tail of the first vector to the head of the last
vector.

2. (c) Note from the drawing that the magnitude R of the resultant vector R is equal to the
shortest distance between the tail of A and the head of B. Thus, R is less than the magnitude
(length) of A plus the magnitude of B.

3. (a) The triangle in the drawing is a right triangle. The lengths A and B of the two sides are
known, so the Pythagorean theorem can be used to determine the length R of the
hypotenuse.
⎛ 4.0 km ⎞
4. (b) The angle is found by using the inverse tangent function, θ = tan −1 ⎜ ⎟ = 53° .
⎝ 3.0 km ⎠
5. (b) In this drawing the vector –C is reversed relative to C, while vectors A and B are not
reversed.

6. (c) In this drawing the vectors –B and –C are reversed relative to B and C, while vector A
is not reversed.

7. (e) These vectors form a closed four-sided polygon, with the head of the fourth vector
exactly meeting the tail of the first vector. Thus, the resultant vector is zero.

8. (c) When the two vector components Ax and Ay are added by the tail-to-head method, the
sum equals the vector A. Therefore, these vector components are the correct ones.

9. (b) The three vectors form a right triangle, so the magnitude of A is given by the
2 2
Pythagorean theorem as A = Ax + Ay . If Ax and Ay double in size, then the magnitude of

(2 A ) + (2 A )
2 2 2 2 2 2
A doubles: x y
= 4 Ax + 4 Ay = 2 Ax + Ay = 2 A.

A
−1 ⎛ y⎞ A
10. (a) The angle θ is determined by the inverse tangent function, θ = tan ⎜ A ⎟ . If Ax
⎝ x⎠ y
2 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND

MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
both become twice as large, the ratio does not change, and θ remains the same.
and

11. (b) The displacement vector A points in the –y direction. Therefore, it has no scalar
component along the x axis (Ax = 0 m) and its scalar component along the y axis is negative.
3 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND

MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
12. (e) The scalar components are given by Ax′ = −(450 m) sin 35.0° = −258 m and
Ay′ = −(450 m) cos 35.0° = −369 m.

13. (d) The distance (magnitude) traveled by each runner is the same, but the directions are
different. Therefore, the two displacement vectors are not equal.

14. (c) Ax and Bx point in opposite directions, and Ay and By point in the same direction.

15. (d)

16. Ay = 3.4 m, By = 3.4 m

17. Rx = 0 m, Ry = 6.8 m

18. R = 7.9 m, θ = 21 degrees

4 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND

MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS

PROBLEMS

1. REASONING We use the fact that 1 m = 3.28 ft to form the following conversion factor:
(1 m)/(3.28 ft) = 1.

SOLUTION To convert ft2 into m2, we apply the conversion factor twice:

(
Area = 1330 ft2 ⎜ )
⎛ 1 m ⎞⎛ 1 m ⎞
⎟⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3.28 ft ⎠⎝ 3.28 ft ⎠
= 124 m 2

2. REASONING
a. To convert the speed from miles per hour (mi/h) to kilometers per hour (km/h), we need
to convert miles to kilometers. This conversion is achieved by using the relation 1.609 km =
1 mi (see the page facing the inside of the front cover of the text).

b. To convert the speed from miles per hour (mi/h) to meters per second (m/s), we must
convert miles to meters and hours to seconds. This is accomplished by using the conversions
1 mi = 1609 m and 1 h = 3600 s.

SOLUTION a. Multiplying the speed of 34.0 mi/h by a factor of unity, (1.609 km)/(1 mi)
= 1, we find the speed of the bicyclists is

⎛ mi ⎞ ⎛ mi ⎞⎛ 1.609 km ⎞ km
Speed = ⎜ 34.0 ⎟ (1) =⎜ 34.0 ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ = 54.7
h h 1 mi h
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠

b. Multiplying the speed of 34.0 mi/h by two factors of unity, (1609 m)/(1 mi) = 1 and
(1 h)/(3600 s) = 1, the speed of the bicyclists is

⎛ mi ⎞ ⎛ mi ⎞⎛ 1609 m ⎞⎛ 1 h ⎞ m
Speed = ⎜ 34.0 ⎟ (1)(1) =⎜ 34.0 ⎟⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = 15.2
h
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ h ⎠ ⎝ 1 mi ⎠⎝ 3600s ⎠ s

3. SSM REASONING We use the facts that 1 mi = 5280 ft, 1 m = 3.281 ft, and 1 yd = 3 ft.
With these facts we construct three conversion factors: (5280 ft)/(1 mi) = 1, (1 m)/(3.281 ft)
= 1, and (3 ft)/(1 yd) = 1.
5 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND

SOLUTION By multiplying by the given distance d of the fall by the appropriate
MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
conversion factors we find that
⎛ ft ⎞⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞⎛ ⎞
(
d = 6 mi ) ⎜ 5280⎟⎜ ⎟
1m
(
+ 551 yd ) ⎜ 3 ft⎟⎜
1m
⎟
= 10 159 m

⎝
1 mi ⎝ 3.281 ft ⎠
⎠ ⎜ 1 yd ⎟ ⎝ 3.281 ft ⎠
⎝ ⎠

4. REASONING The word “per” indicates a ratio, so “0.35 mm per day” means 0.35 mm/d,
which is to be expressed as a rate in ft/century. These units differ from the given units in
both length and time dimensions, so both must be converted. For length, 1 m = 103 mm, and
1 ft = 0.3048 m. For time, 1 year = 365.24 days, and 1 century = 100 years. Multiplying the
resulting growth rate by one century gives an estimate of the total length of hair a long-lived
adult could grow over his lifetime.

SOLUTION Multiply the given growth rate by the length and time conversion factors,
making sure units cancel properly:

⎛ mm ⎞ ⎛ 1 m ⎞⎛ 1 ft ⎞ ⎛ 365.24 d ⎞ ⎛ 100 y ⎞
Growth rate = 0.35 3 ⎜ ⎟⎜ = 42 ft/century

⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ ⎟ ⎜ century ⎟
d 10 mm 0.3048 m 1y
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠

5. REASONING In order to calculate d, the units of a and b must be, respectively, cubed and
squared along with their numerical values, then combined algebraically with each other and the
units of c. Ignoring the values and working first with the units alone, we have
( m ) = m 3 2 = m2
3
a3
d= 2 →
cb ( m/s ) ( s )
2
m / s ⋅s 21 s ( )

Therefore, the units of d are m2/s.

SOLUTION With the units known, the numerical value may be calculated:

d=
( 9.7 )
3
m 2 /s = 0.75 m 2 /s
( 69 ) ( 4.2 )2

6. REASONING The dimensions of the variables v, x, and t are known, and the numerical
factor 3 is dimensionless. Therefore, we can solve the equation for z and then substitute the
known dimensions. The dimensions [ L ] and [ T ] can be treated as algebraic quantities to
determine the dimensions of the variable z.
5 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS Chapter 1 Problems 5

1 3v
SOLUTION Since v = zxt 2 , it follows that z = . We know the following dimensions:
3
xt 2

v = [ L ] / [ T ] , x = [ L ] , and t = [ T ] . Since the factor 3 is dimensionless, z has the dimensions

of

v
=
[ L] / [ T ] = 1
xt 2
[ L] [ T ]2 [ T ]3

7. SSM REASONING This problem involves using unit conversions to determine the
number of magnums in one jeroboam. The necessary relationships are

1.0 magnum = 1.5 liters

1.0 jeroboam = 0.792 U. S. gallons
1.00 U. S. gallon = 3.785 × 10 –3 m 3 = 3.785 liters

These relationships may be used to construct the appropriate conversion factors.

SOLUTION By multiplying one jeroboam by the appropriate conversion factors we can

determine the number of magnums in a jeroboam as shown below:
⎛ 0.792 gallons ⎞⎛ 3.785 liters ⎞ ⎛ 1.0 magnum ⎞
(1.0 jeroboam ⎜ ) ⎟⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = 2.0 magnums
⎜ 1.0 jeroboam ⎟⎜ 1.0 gallon ⎟ ⎝ 1.5 liters ⎠
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠

8. REASONING By multiplying the quantity 1.78 × 10−3 kg/ ( s ⋅ m ) by the appropriate

conversions factors, we can convert the quantity to units of poise (P). These conversion
factors are obtainable from the following relationships between the various units:

1 kg = 1.00 × 103 g
1 m = 1.00 × 10 2 cm
1 P = 1 g/ ( s ⋅ cm )

SOLUTION The conversion from the unit kg/ ( s ⋅ m ) to the unit P proceeds as follows:

⎛ kg ⎞⎛ 1.00 × 10 g ⎞ ⎛ ⎞⎡ ⎤
3
1 m 1P
⎜ 1.78 × 10 −3
⎟ ⎢ ⎥ = 1.78 × 10−2 P
⎜ ⎟⎜
⎜ s ⋅ m ⎟⎝
⎜
1 kg
⎟⎠ ⎝ 1.00 × 10
2 cm ⎟ ⎢1 g / s ⋅ cm
⎠⎣
( )⎥
⎝ ⎠ ⎦

9. REASONING Multiplying an equation by a factor of 1 does not alter the equation; this is
the basis of our solution. We will use factors of 1 in the following forms:
6 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS Chapter 1 Problems 6

1 gal
= 1 , since 1 gal = 128 oz.
128 oz
3.785×10−3 m3
= 1 , since 3.785 × 10−3 m3 = 1 gal
1 gal

1 mL
= 1, since 1 mL = 10−6 m3
10 −6 m 3

SOLUTION The starting point for our solution is the fact that

Volume = 1 oz.

Multiplying this equation on the right by factors of 1 does not alter the equation, so it
follows that
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ 3.785×10−3 m3 ⎞ 1 mL
Volume ⎛ ⎞ 29.6 mL
( )
1 gal
= (1 oz )(1)(1)(1) = 1 oz ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ =

⎜ 128 oz ⎟ ⎜ 1 gal ⎜ ⎟
⎟ −6 3

⎜ m ⎟
⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠ 10
⎝ ⎠
Note that all the units on the right, except one, are eliminated algebraically, leaving only the
desired units of milliliters (mL).

10. REASONING To convert from gallons to cubic meters, use the equivalence
1 U.S. gal = 3.785×10−3 m3. To find the thickness of the painted layer, we use the fact that
the paint’s volume is the same, whether in the can or painted on the wall. The layer of paint
on the wall can be thought of as a very thin “box” with a volume given by the product of the
surface area (the “box top”) and the thickness of the layer. Therefore, its thickness is the
ratio of the volume to the painted surface area: Thickness = Volume/Area. That is, the larger
the area it’s spread over, the thinner the layer of paint.
SOLUTION
a. The conversion is
⎛ 3.785×10−3 m3 ⎞
( 0.67 U.S. gallons
⎜) ⎟
= 2.5 ×10−3 m3

⎝ U.S. gallons ⎠
b. The thickness is the volume found in (a) divided by the area,

Volume 2.5 × 10−3 m3

Thickness = = 2
= 1.9 ×10−4 m
Area 13 m
7 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS Chapter 1 Problems 7

11. SSM REASONING The dimension of the spring constant k can be determined by first
solving the equation T = 2π m / k for k in terms of the time T and the mass m. Then, the
dimensions of T and m can be substituted into this expression to yield the dimension of k.
SOLUTION Algebraically solving the expression above for k gives k = 4 π 2 m / T 2 . The

term 4π 2 is a numerical factor that does not have a dimension, so it can be ignored in this

analysis. Since the dimension for mass is [M] and that for time is [T], the dimension of k is

Dimension of k =
[M]
[ T ]2

12. REASONING AND SOLUTION The following figure (not drawn to scale) shows the
geometry of the situation, when the observer is a distance r from the base of the arch.
The angle θ is related to r and h by tan θ = h / r .
Solving for r, we find
h = 192 m
θ
h 192 m
r= = = 5.5 × 10 3 m = 5.5 km
tan θ tan 2.0° r

13. SSM REASONING The shortest distance between the two towns is along the line that
joins them. This distance, h, is the hypotenuse of a right triangle whose other sides are
ho = 35.0 km and ha = 72.0 km, as shown in the figure below.

SOLUTION The angle θ is given by tan θ = ho / ha W

so that θ
ho
−1 ⎛ 35.0km ⎞ h
θ = tan = 25.9° S of W
⎝ 72.0 km ⎠ θ
h a
We can then use the Pythagorean theorem to find h.

S
h= ho2 + ha2 = (35.0 km) 2 + (72.0 km) 2 = 80.1 km
8 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS Chapter 1 Problems 8

14. REASONING The drawing shows a schematic

representation of the hill. We know that the hill rises
12.0 m vertically for every 100.0 m of distance in the
horizontal direction, so that ho
ho = 12.0 m and ha = 100.0 m . Moreover, according to θ
Equation 1.3, the tangent function is tan θ = ho / ha .
h
Thus, we can use the inverse tangent function to a
determine the angle θ.

SOLUTION With the aid of the inverse tangent function (see Equation 1.6) we find that
−1 ⎛ h o ⎞ −1 ⎛ 12.0 m ⎞
θ = tan = tan = 6.84°

⎜h ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ a⎠ ⎝ 100.0 m ⎠

15. REASONING Using the Pythagorean theorem (Equation 1.7), we find that the relation
between the length D of the diagonal of the square (which is also the diameter of the circle)
and the length L of one side of the square is D = L2 + L2 = 2L .

SOLUTION Using the above relation, we have

D 0.35 m
D = 2L or L = = = 0.25 m
2 2

16. REASONING In both parts of the drawing the line of sight, the horizontal dashed line, and
the vertical form a right triangle. The angles θa = 35.0° and θb = 38.0° at which the person’s
line of sight rises above the horizontal are known, as is the horizontal distance d = 85.0 m
from the building. The unknown vertical sides of the right triangles correspond,
respectively, to the heights Ha and Hb of the bottom and top of the antenna relative to the
person’s eyes. The antenna’s height H is the difference between Hb and Ha: H = H b − H a .

The horizontal side d of the triangle is adjacent to the angles θa and θb, while the vertical
sides Ha and Hb are opposite these angles. Thus, in either triangle, the angle θ is related to
⎛ h ⎞
the horizontal and vertical sides by Equation 1.3 ⎜ tan θ = o ⎟ :
⎝ ha ⎠
H
tan θ a = a (1)
d

Hb
tan θ b = (2)
d
9 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS Chapter 1 Problems 9

Hb
Ha
θa θb
d d

(a) (b)
SOLUTION Solving Equations (1) and (2) for the heights of the bottom and top of the
antenna relative to the person’s eyes, we find that
H a = d tan θa and H b = d tan θ b

The height of the antenna is the difference between these two values:

H = H b − H a = d tan θ b − d tan θa = d ( tan θ b − tan θa )

( )
H = ( 85.0 m ) tan 38.0o − tan 35.0o = 6.9 m

17. REASONING The drawing shows the heights of the two

balloonists and the horizontal distance x between them.
Also shown in dashed lines is a right triangle, one angle of
which is 13.3°. Note that the side adjacent to the 13.3° 13.3°

angle is the horizontal distance x, while the side opposite

x
the angle is the distance between the two heights, 61.0 m − 61.0 m
48.2 m. Since we know the angle and the length of one side 48.2 m

of the right triangle, we can use trigonometry to find the

length of the other side.

SOLUTION The definition of the tangent function, Equation 1.3, can be used to find the
horizontal distance x, since the angle and the length of the opposite side are known:

length of opposite side

tan13.3° =
length of adjacent side (= x)
Solving for x gives

length of opposite side 61.0 m − 48.2 m

x= = = 54.1 m
tan13.3° tan13.3°
10 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL Chapter 1 Problems 10
CONCEPTS

18. REASONING As given in Appendix E, the law of cosines is

c a
c 2 = a 2 + b 2 − 2ab cos γ
γ
where c is the side opposite angle γ, and a and b are the other b
two sides. Solving for γ, we have

⎛ a2 + b 2 − c 2 ⎞
γ = cos −1 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2ab ⎠

SOLUTION For c = 95 cm, a = 150 cm, and b = 190 cm

⎛ a 2 + b2 − c2 ⎞ ⎡ (150 cm )2 + (190 )2 − ( 95 cm )2 ⎤
γ = cos −1 ⎜ ⎟ = cos
−1 ⎢ ⎥ = 30°
⎝ 2ab ⎠ 2 (150 cm )(190 cm )

Thus, the angle opposite the side of length 95 cm is 30° .

Similarly, for c = 150 cm, a = 95 cm, and b =190 cm, we find that the angle opposite the
side of length 150 cm is 51° .

Finally, for c = 190 cm, a = 150 cm, and b = 95 cm, we find that the angle opposite the side
of length 190 cm is 99° .

As a check on these calculations, we note that 30° + 51° + 99° = 180° , which must be the
case for the sum of the three angles in a triangle.

19. REASONING Note from the drawing that the shaded

right triangle contains the angle θ , the side opposite the
angle (length = 0.281 nm), and the side adjacent to the
angle (length = L). If the length L can be determined, we 0.281 nm
can use trigonometry to find θ. The bottom face of the
cube is a square whose diagonal has a length L. This length
can be found from the Pythagorean theorem, since the θ
lengths of the two sides of the square are known. 0.281 nm
0.281 nm
SOLUTION The angle can be obtained from the L

inverse tangent function, Equation 1.6, as θ = tan −1 ⎡⎣( 0.281 nm ) / L⎤⎦ . Since L is the length
of the hypotenuse of a right triangle whose sides have lengths of 0.281 nm, its value can be
determined from the Pythagorean theorem:
11 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL Chapter 1 Problems 11
CONCEPTS

L= ( 0.281 nm )2 + ( 0.281 nm )2 = 0.397 nm

Thus, the angle is

⎛ 0.281 nm ⎞ ⎛ 0.281 nm ⎞
θ = tan −1 = tan −1 = 35.3°
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ L ⎠ ⎝ 0.397 nm ⎠

20. REASONING h
d
a. The drawing shows the person standing on the
earth and looking at the horizon. Notice the right
triangle, the sides of which are R, the radius of R 90°
Horizon
the earth, and d, the distance from the person’s
eyes to the horizon. The length of the hypotenuse R
is R + h, where h is the height of the person’s
eyes above the water. Since we know the lengths Earth
of two sides of the triangle, the Pythagorean
theorem can be employed to find the length of
the third side.

b. To convert the distance from meters to miles,

we use the relation 1609 m = 1 mi (see the page facing the inside of the front cover of the
text).

SOLUTION
a. The Pythagorean theorem (Equation 1.7) states that the square of the hypotenuse is equal
to the sum of the squares of the sides, or ( R + h ) = d 2 + R 2 . Solving this equation for d
2

yields

d = ( R + h )2 − R 2 2
= R + 2Rh + h − R
2 2

2 6
( )
= 2Rh + h = 2 6.38×10 m (1.6 m ) + (1.6 m ) = 4500 m
2

b. Multiplying the distance of 4500 m by a factor of unity, (1 mi)/(1609 m) = 1, the distance

(in miles) from the person's eyes to the horizon is
⎛ 1 mi ⎞
(
d = ( 4500 m )(1) = 4500 m ⎜ )
1609 m
⎟ 2.8 mi
=
⎝ ⎠
12 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL Chapter 1 Problems 12
CONCEPTS

21. SSM REASONING The drawing at the right

shows the location of each deer A, B, and C. c C
From the problem statement it follows that B
β
α
b = 62 m γ a
b
c = 95 m 51° 77°
A
γ = 180° − 51° − 77° = 52°

Applying the law of cosines (given in Appendix E) to the geometry in the figure, we have
a 2 − 2ab cos γ + (b 2 − c 2 ) = 0
2
which is an expression that is quadratic in a. It can be simplified to Aa + Ba + C = 0 , with

A=1

B = –2 b cos γ = – 2(62 m) cos 52 ° = –76 m

C = (b 2 − c 2 ) = (62 m)2 − (95 m)2 = –5181

m2

This quadratic equation can be solved for the desired quantity a.

SOLUTION Suppressing units, we obtain from the quadratic formula

−( −76) ± ( −76) 2 − 4(1)(–
a= = 1.2 ×10 2 m and – 43 m
5181)
2(1)

Discarding the negative root, which has no physical significance, we conclude that the
2
distance between deer A and C is 1.2 × 10 m .

22. REASONING The trapeze cord is L =

8.0 m long, so that the trapeze is initially
h1 = L cos 41° meters below the support. At θ 41°
the instant he releases the trapeze, it is h2 = L
h1
cos θ meters below the h2 support. The L
L 41°
difference in the heights is
d = h2 – h1 = 0.75 m. Given that the θ
trapeze is released at a lower elevation than 0.75 m
the platform, we expect to find θ < 41°.
13 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL Chapter 1 Problems 13
CONCEPTS

SOLUTION Putting the above relationships together, we have

d = h2 − h1 = L cos θ − L cos or d + L cos 41o = L cos θ
41o
d
cos θ = + cos 41o
L

⎛d ⎞ ⎛ 0.75 m ⎞
θ = cos−1 + cos 41o = cos −1 + cos 41o 32o
=
⎜L ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ 8.0 m ⎠

23. SSM REASONING

a. Since the two force vectors A and B have directions due west and due north, they are
perpendicular. Therefore, the resultant vector F = A + B has a magnitude given by the
2 2 2
Pythagorean theorem: F = A + B . Knowing the magnitudes of A and B, we can calculate
the magnitude of F. The direction of the resultant can be obtained using trigonometry.

b. For the vector F′ = A – B we note that the subtraction can be regarded as an addition in
the following sense: F′ = A + (–B). The vector –B points due south, opposite the vector B,
so the two vectors are once again perpendicular and the magnitude of F′ again is given by
the Pythagorean theorem. The direction again can be obtained using trigonometry.
SOLUTION a. The drawing shows the
two vectors and the resultant vector. North North
According to the Pythagorean theorem, we
have
F

θ θ
F′ –B
A
A

(a) (b)

( 445 N ) + ( 325 N )
2 2
F=

= 551 N
Using trigonometry, we can see that the direction of the resultant is
B ⎛ 325 N ⎞
tan θ = or θ = tan −1 = 36.1° north of west
A 445 N
14 INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL Chapter 1 Problems 14
CONCEPTS

b. Referring to the drawing and following the same procedure as in part a, we find
F′ 2 = A 2 + ( −B ) F′ = A 2 + ( −B ) = ( 445 N ) + ( −325 N )
2 2 2 2
or = 551 N

B ⎛ 325 N ⎞
tan θ = or θ = tan −1 = 36.1° south of west

A 445 N

24. REASONING Since the initial force and the resultant force point along the east/west line,
the second force must also point along the east/west line. The direction of the second force
is not specified; it could point either due east or due west, so there are two answers. We use
“N” to denote the units of the forces, which are specified in newtons.

SOLUTION If the second force points due east , both forces point in the same direction
and the magnitude of the resultant force is the sum of the two magnitudes: F1 + F2 = FR.
Therefore,
F2 = FR – F1 = 400 N – 200 N = 200 N

If the second force points due west , the two forces point in opposite directions, and the
magnitude of the resultant force is the difference of the two magnitudes: F2 – F1 = FR.
Therefore,
F2 = FR + F1 = 400 N + 200 N = 600 N

25. SSM REASONING For convenience, we can assign due east to be the positive direction
and due west to be the negative direction. Since all the vectors point along the same east-
west line, the vectors can be added just like the usual algebraic addition of positive and
negative scalars. We will carry out the addition for all of the possible choices for the two
vectors and identify the resultants with the smallest and largest magnitudes.

SOLUTION There are six possible choices for the two vectors, leading to the following
resultant vectors:

F1 + F2 = 50.0 newtons +10.0 newtons = +60.0 newtons = 60.0 newtons, due east

F1 + F3 = 50.0 newtons − 40.0 newtons = +10.0 newtons = 10.0 newtons, due east

F1 + F4 = 50.0 newtons − 30.0 newtons = +20.0 newtons = 20.0 newtons, due east

F2 + F3 = 10.0 newtons − 40.0 newtons = −30.0 newtons = 30.0 newtons, due west

F2 + F4 = 10.0 newtons − 30.0 newtons = −20.0 newtons = 20.0 newtons, due west
F3 + F4 = −40.0 newtons − 30.0 newtons = −70.0 newtons = 70.0 newtons, due west
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 9. Gen. Stuart’s reb. cavalry repulsed in an attempt to cross the
Potomac at Edward’s Ferry, with a loss of 90 men, by Gen. Keyes.
9. Gen. O. M. Mitchell appointed to command the Department of
the South, relieving Gen. Hunter.
9. The Fed. garrison at Fayette C. H., Va., surrounded by a large
rebel force. They cut their way out, losing 100 in killed and wounded.
10. Col. Grierson with 300 men defeated rebs. near Coldwater,
Miss. Reb. loss, 4 killed and 30 wounded.
10. The 34th and 37th Ohio, Col. Siber, were defeated at Fayette,
Va., by 5,000 rebs. under Gen. Loring. Fed. loss over 100 in killed
and wounded.
10. 6th U. S. cavalry, under Captain Saunders, defeated at Sugar
Loaf Mountain, near Barnesville, Md., with slight loss.
11. Hagerstown, Md., occupied by rebs. who seized 1200 bbls. of
flour.
11. The Gov. of Pa. called for 50,000 men to repel rebel invasion.
11. Westminster, Md., occupied by reb. cavalry, who robbed all the
stores in the place.
11. Fed. forces under Col. Lightburn retreated from Gauley, Va.,
after destroying government stores.
11. Reb. troops under E. K. Smith, advanced within 7 miles of
Cincinnati, O., and skirmished with the Fed. pickets.
11. Bloomfield, Mo., defended by 1,500 State militia, captured by
rebs. after a fight of 2 hours.
12. The reb. army retreated from before Cincinnati, pursued by
Gen. Wallace as far as Florence, Ky.
12. Gen. McClellan’s army entered Frederick, Md.
12. Fight on the Elk river, near Charleston, Va., by Feds. under Col.
Lightburn, and a reb. force, without result.
12. Capt. Harry Gilmore, and 7 other rebs. arrested near Baltimore,
Md., and sent to Fort McHenry.
12. Frankfort, Ky., occupied by rebel cavalry, under Gen. E. K.
Smith.
12. Fight at Middletown, Md. Fed. loss, 80 killed and wounded.
 13. 500 rebs. under Col. Porter, released 40 reb. prisoners at
Palmyra, Mo.
14. A fort at Bacon creek, Ky., with 30 men of the 54th Ind.,
captured by rebs. under Col. J. J. Morrison.
14. Battle of South Mountain, Md. Fed. troops under Gens. Hooker
and Reno, defeated Lee’s army. Fed. loss 443 killed, 1,806 wounded
and 76 missing. Gen. Reno killed.
14. Fight at Munfordsville, Ky. 17th Ind., Col. Wilder, defeated
rebs., under Gen. Duncan, with severe loss.
14. 2,000 Fed. cavalry, cut their way out of Harper’s Ferry, Va.,
which was besieged by rebs., and captured Gen. Longstreet’s train
and 100 prisoners.
15. Surrender of Harper’s Ferry, Va., with a large supply of military
stores, and 11,000 men to the rebs. after 3 days’ siege. Col. Miles, the
Fed. commander, killed.
15. Col. M’Neill defeated reb. guerrillas under Col. Porter, near
Shelburne, Mo., taking 20 wagons and other spoils, with slight loss.
15. Fight at Green river, Ky., on the line of the Louisville and
Nashville railroad. Rebs. defeated.
16. Capture of the Fed. garrison at Munfordsville, Ky., under Col.
Dunham, 4,000 strong, with 10 pieces of artillery, by rebs. under
Gen. Bragg. 50 Feds. killed and wounded.
17. Fight near Durhamville, Tenn. 150 of 52nd Ind., Lt. R. Griflin,
defeated rebs. under Lieut.-Col. Faulkner. Reb. loss, 8 killed and 20
wounded. Fed. loss, 2 killed and 10 wounded.
17. Fight at Falmouth, on Kentucky Central R. R. Col. Berry with
10 men defeated a larger force of Texan rangers, of whom 2 were
killed, 4 wounded and 1 prisoner. 1 Fed. wounded.
17. Ship Virginia, of Mass., burned by Alabama, Capt. Semmes.
17. Skirmish near Florence, Ky. 53 of 10th Ky. cavalry, Maj. Foley,
defeated 100 rebs., who lost 5 killed and 7 wounded. Fed. loss, 1
killed and 1 wounded.
17. Battle of Antietam, Md. The entire Fed. army of Gen.
McClellan, and reb. army of Gen. Lee engaged. Defeat of rebs. with
loss of 15,000 men. Fed. loss, 12,500.
 17. Fight at Leesburg, Va. The Ira Harris cavalry, Col. Kilpatrick,
defeated a reb. infantry regiment, capturing several guns and a
number of prisoners.
17. The U. S. gunboats Paul Jones, Cimerone, and 3 other vessels
attacked reb. batteries on St. John’s river, Florida.
17. Cumberland Gap, Tenn., evacuated by Gen. Morgan’s Fed.
troops.
18. Ship Elisha Dunbar, of Mass., burned by the Alabama.
18. Rebs. evacuated Harper’s Ferry, Va.
19. Gen. Lee’s army crossed the Potomac river to Va., pursued by
Gen. Pleasanton’s cavalry.
19–20. Battle of Iuka, Miss. General Rosecrans’ army defeated
rebs., who lost 233 killed, 400 wounded, and 600 prisoners. Fed.
loss, 135 killed, and 527 wounded.
19–20. Skirmishes at Owensboro’, Ky. Fed. Col. Netter killed. 1st
Ind. cavalry, Lieut.-Col. Wood, routed rebs. with severe loss. Fed.
loss, 2 killed, 18 wounded.
20. Fight near Shirley’s Ford, Spring river, Mo. 3rd Ind., Col.
Ritchie, defeated 600 rebs. and Indians, who lost 60 or 70 killed and
wounded.
21. Col. Barnes, with a Fed. cavalry brigade, defeated in an attempt
to cross the Potomac from Md., losing 150 men, in killed, wounded
and prisoners.
21. The town of Prentiss, Miss., burned by Col. Lippincott of the
ram Queen of the West, in retaliation for reb. batteries there firing on
transports.
21. Skirmish at Munfordsville, Ky. Reb. cavalry defeated with loss
by Feds. under Col. E. McCook.
21. 100 reb. troops routed at Cassville, Mo., by part of 1st Ark.
cavalry, Captain Gilstray, who captured 19 rebs.
21. Citizens of San Francisco, Cal. contributed $100,000 in gold to
the U. S. Sanitary Commission.
21. Rebs. defeated at Shepherdsville, Ky., by Feds. under Col.
Granger. Reb. loss 5 killed and 28 prisoners.
 22. Skirmish near Sturgeon, Mo. Rebs. under Capt. Cunningham
defeated by Maj. Hunt’s force.
22. Fight at Ashby’s Gap, Va. Col. R. B. Price with 2d Pa. cavalry,
defeated rebs. under Lieut.-Col. Green, capturing the latter officer
and 2 lieuts.
22. Pres. Lincoln proclaimed, that on the 1st day of Jan. 1863 “all
slaves in States or parts of States in rebellion” should be forever free.
23. Col. Sibley defeated a band of 300 Sioux Indians who attacked
his encampment on Yellow Medicine river, Minn. 30 Indians killed
and many wounded. 4 whites killed and 30 wounded.
23. Fight at Sutton, Va. Maj. Withers, with 10th Va., (Fed.) driven
from Sutton to Bulltown, after a gallant resistance.
23. A large quantity of English arms captured at Reynolds’ Ford,
Va., by 62d Pa., Col. Switzer.
23. Randolph, Tenn., on the Miss. river, burned by steamers Ohio
Belle and Eugene, in retaliation for firing on transports from that
place.
24. Proclamation of Pres. Lincoln ordering the enforcement of
martial law, against all persons discouraging enlistments or giving
aid to the rebellion, and suspending the habeas corpus with
reference to all persons arrested by military authority.
24. The office of the “American Volunteer,” at Carlisle, Pa. was
destroyed by citizens and soldiers for severe reflections on the
Government.
24. A Convention of Governors from 14 loyal States, and 3 proxies
from others met at Altoona, Pa., who endorsed the Emancipation
Proclamation, and advised the Pres. to organize a reserve force of
100,000 men.
24. Gen. Beauregard appointed to command reb. forces in S. C.
and Georgia.
24. Gen. Butler at New Orleans, ordered all Americans in his
Department to renew their oath of allegiance to the Government, and
to furnish returns of their real and personal property, under penalty
of fine and imprisonment.
25. Sabine Pass, Texas, captured by U. S. steamers Kensington,
and Henry Crocker, and schr. Rachel Seaman.
 26. Skirmish near Warrenton Junction, Va. Reb. cavalry defeated
by Col. McClean’s troops, who captured rebel commissary stores.
Sept. 26. An unsuccessful attempt to capture steamer Forest
Queen at Ashport, Tenn., by rebs. under Capt. Faulkner.
26. Prentiss, Miss., burned by U. S. ram Queen of the West, in
retaliation for firing on that vessel and transports.
27. 34th Ohio, Col. Toland, attacked Col. Jenkins’s reb. cavalry at
Buffalo, on the Kanawha river, Va., but were driven off, after killing
7, capturing 9, and destroying the camp, without loss to themselves.
27. Home Guards at Augusta, Ky., captured by rebs. under Basil
Duke, after a brave resistance, with loss to the enemy.
27. 91 women and children rescued from Indians by Col. Sibley on
Chippeway river, Minn.; 16 Indians captured.
28. Reb. steamer Sunbeam captured by U. S. gunboats State of
Georgia and Mystic, off Wilmington, N. C.
28. Skirmish on Blackwater river, 25 miles from Suffolk, Va. Col.
C. C. Dodge, with Fed. cavalry and artillery, defeated reb. infantry.
28. Augusta, Georgia, captured by 600 reb. cavalry.
29. Gen. Jeff. C. Davis shot Gen. Wm. Nelson, at the Galt House, in
Louisville, Ky., killing him almost instantly.
29. A brigade of Fed. cavalry, under Lieut.-Col. Karge, on a
reconnoissance from Centreville, Va., to Warrenton, captured and
paroled 1,650 rebels.
29. Brig.-Gen. Rodman died near Hagerstown, Md., of a wound
received at the battle of Antietam.
29. A spirited cavalry skirmish near Sharpsburgh, Md. Rebs.
dispersed, and a squad of them captured.
29. 363 disloyal citizens of Carroll Co., Mo., were assessed by the
Federal authorities in aid of loyal citizens and soldiers who had been
robbed in that Co.
30. Fight at Newtonia, Mo. A Fed. brigade under Gen. Salomon,
attacked a body of rebs. under Col. Cooper, and were defeated by
them, losing 50 in killed and wounded, and 100 prisoners.
30. Reb. bomb-proof magazines at Lower Shipping Point, Va.,
destroyed by sailors under Lieut.-Com. M’Graw.
 30. Fight at Russelville, Ky. 17th Ky., Col. Harrison, defeated 350
rebs., who lost 35 killed, and 10 prisoners.
30. Grayson, Ky., occupied by rebel troops.
30. Salt works at Bluffton, S. C., destroyed by 48th N. Y., Col.
Barton.
Oct. 1. The U. S. gunboat fleet on the western waters turned over
from the War to the Navy Department.
1. Fight on Floyd’s Fork, Ky. A Fed. brigade under Col. E. N. Kirk,
encountered and overcame a rebel force after a slight engagement.
1. Shelbyville, Ky., evacuated by the rebels.
1. Fight near Gallatin, Tenn. 1st Tenn. cavalry, Col. Stokes,
defeated rebs. under Col. Bennett, who lost 40 killed, many
wounded, and 39 prisoners.
1. 9 National pickets dispersed some rebs. at Newbern, N. C.
1. Gen. Pleasanton’s cavalry engaged reb. forces under Gen.
Hampton at Martinsburg and at Shepherdstown, Va. Reb. loss 60
killed and wounded, and 9 prisoners. Fed. loss 12 wounded and 3
prisoners.
2. Fight near Olive Hill, Ky. Carter Co. Home Guards repulsed a
portion of reb. Gen. Morgan’s command. Morgan retreated to the
Licking river, destroying 35 houses on his route.
2. Gen. Foster’s Union troops accompanied by gunboats, left
Washington, N. C., taking possession of Hamilton, and driving the
rebels towards Tarboro’.
2. Skirmishing near Mount Washington, Ky., on the Bardstown
turnpike, by Gen. Buell’s army and rebels under Gen. E. Kirby Smith.
3. Rebel fortifications at St. John’s Bluff, on St. John’s river, Fla.,
captured by 1500 Feds. under Gen. Brannan, assisted by 7 gunb’s
from Hilton Head, S. C.
3. Fight on the Blackwater river, near Franklin, Va. 3 Fed.
gunboats, Commodore Perry, Hunchback, and Whitehead, under
Capt. Flusser, engaged a large force of rebs. 6 hours. Fed. loss 19 k.
and wounded.
3. 11th Pa. cavalry, Col. Spears, engaged reb. forces at Franklin, on
Blackwater river, Va. Rebs. retreated with loss of 30 or 40 killed and
wounded.
 3–5. A series of battles near Corinth, Miss. A reb. army of 38,000
men under Price, Van Dorn, and Lovell, attacked Rosecrans’ army,
under Gens. Ord, Hurlbut, and Veatch. Rebs. routed with heavy loss
of k. and w., and 1,000 pris. National loss also heavy.
4. Richard Howes, inaugurated rebel governor of Kentucky, at
Frankfort.
4. A fight near Bardstown, Ky. Fed. advance guard under Maj.
Foster, defeated by rear-guard of Polk’s army.
4. A company of the 54th Pa. captured at Paw-Paw, on the Balt.
and Ohio railroad.
4. Fed. cavalry under Col. M’Reynolds, captured a rebel camp near
the above place, with 2 guns, 10 wagons and 60 horses.
5. Gen. Price’s rebel army, retreating from Corinth, Miss., were
overtaken by Gens. Old and Hurlbut at the Hatchie river, where,
after 6 hours’ fighting, the rebels broke in disorder, leaving their
dead and wounded, 400 prisoners, and 2 batteries.
5. Skirmish 6 miles north of Glasgow, Ky. Feds. under Col. Bruce,
routed a rebel force, taking a number of horses and cattle.
5. Jacksonville, Fla., occupied by Union forces under Gen.
Brannan.
6. A mob in Blackford Co., Ind., destroyed the enrolling papers and
draft boxes.
6. A rebel battery at Cockpit Point, Va., on the Potomac, destroyed
by a Fed. gunboat.
6. Skirmish near Charlestown, Va. 6th U. S. cavalry and
Robertson’s battery engaged a rebel force with slight results.
6. Fight at Lavergne, near Nashville, Tenn. Gen. Palmer’s Union
brigade, 2,500 men, were attacked by rebels under Gen. Anderson,
who were defeated with a loss of 10 killed and wounded. Fed. loss, 18
in killed and wounded.
7. Lexington, Ky., evacuated by rebels under E. Kirby Smith, who
retreated towards Cumberland Gap.
7. The monitor Nahant launched at Boston.
7. Skirmish near Sibley’s Landing, Mo. 5th Mo. cavalry defeated
rebels under Quantrell and Childs.
 7. Gen. Morgan’s Union troops reached Frankfort, Ky.
7. The bark Wave, and brig Dunkirk, were destroyed by the rebel
privateer, Alabama.
8. Battle at Chaplin Hills, Perryville, Ky., by the armies of Gens.
Buell and Bragg. Rebs. retreated across Chaplin river. Fed. loss,
3,200 in killed, wounded and missing. Rebel loss fully as great.
8. 550 Feds. under Major Bradford, 17 government wagons, and a
number of sutler’s wagons, were captured by rebels under E. Kirby
Smith, near Frankfort, Ky.
9. Galveston, Texas, occupied by Feds. under Commander
Renshaw.
9. Skirmish near Laurenceburg, Ky. 1st Ohio, Col. Parrott, defeated
part of Gen. Smith’s troops with considerable loss. Union loss, 6
killed, 8 wounded.
9. Gen. Sigel’s cavalry captured 40 rebs. and several wagons at
Aldie, Va.
9. The monitor Montauk launched at Greenpoint, L. I.
9. The rebel steamer Gov. Milton captured on St. Johns river, Fla.,
by gunboat Darlington.
10. 1,800 reb. cavalry, under J. E. B. Stuart, crossed the Potomac
at McCoy’s creek, and penetrated to Mercersburg and
Chambersburg, Pa., and after capturing and destroying much
property, made good their retreat with slight loss.
10. Gen. Schofield drove the Confederate forces across the Mo. line
into Ark.
10. 1,600 rebs., the rear-guard of Bragg’s army, captured at
Harrodsburg, Ky., by Lieut.-Col. Boyle, with 9th Ky. cavalry.
10. 100 reb. guerrillas entered Hawesville, Ind., but were driven
out by the Connelton Home Guard.
11. Skirmish near Helena, Ark. 4th Iowa cavalry, Major Rector,
defeated Texan rangers under Col. Giddings, capturing 9 of them. 3
Feds. killed and 9 wounded.
11. Ship Manchester, of N. Y., captured and burned by the
Alabama.
 11. 27 rebs. of Col. Imboden’s command, with all their camp
equipage, captured by 300 of Col. McReynolds’ cavalry 17 miles from
Winchester, Va.
11. The U. S. gunboat Maratanza lying off Cape Fear river, N. C.,
had 2 men killed and 5 wounded by a reb. battery.
11. Gen. Dumont’s Fed. troops captured 350 rebs., a wagon train,
and 2 pieces of artillery at Versailles, Ky.
12. Skirmishing on the Potomac river, at the mouth of the
Monocacy, near White’s Ford, by Gen. Pleasanton’s cavalry with
rebs. under Gen. Stuart.
12. 29 persons arrested and 2 hung at Gainesville, Texas, who were
accused of Union sentiments.
13. More than 100 prisoners taken by Union troops under Gen.
Stahel, in the vicinity of Paris, Snicker’s Gap, and Leesburg, Va.
13. The 6th Mo., Col. Catherwood, returned to camp at Sedalia,
Mo., after a successful scout, in which several bands of guerrillas
were broken up, and 50 of them killed and wounded.
14. The English propeller Ouachita, captured in the Gulf Stream by
U. S. gunboat Memphis.
14. Skirmish at Stanford, Ky., by scouts of Gens. Buell’s and
Bragg’s armies. 14 rebs. captured, and several killed.
Oct. 15. The bark Lamplighter, of Boston, captured by the
Alabama.
15. Drafting in Boston and Baltimore.
15. Steamer Hazel Dell captured at Caseyville, Ky., by rebs. under
Cols. Anderson and Johnson.
15. Skirmish near Carrsville, Va. Part of 7th Pa. cavalry, Lieut.
Williams, defeated by rebs., losing several of their number.
15. U. S. Steamer Kensington, Master Crocker, destroyed a railroad
bridge and burned 2 vessels at Taylor’s Bayou, Tex.
16. The sloop-of-war Ticonderoga was launched at Brooklyn, N. Y.
16. Gen. Humphrey’s troops driven from Shepherdstown, Va., by
rebs., with slight loss.
16. Skirmish near Charlestown, Va. Gen. Hancock’s troops
successfully engaged rebs. Union loss, 1 killed and 8 wounded. Reb.
loss, 9 wounded and taken prisoners.
17. The Fed. garrison on the Tenn. shore, opposite island No. 10
attacked by reb. forces, who were defeated with loss.
17. Morgan’s Confed. cavalry dashed into Lexington, Ky., and
attacked 350 Fed. cavalry, under Major Seidel, 3rd O. Fed. loss, 4
killed, 24 wounded, and 120 prisoners.
17. Quantrell’s guerrillas entered Shawnee, Kansas, sacked the
town, burned 13 houses and killed 4 men.
17. Skirmish at Thoroughfare Gap, Va. Gen. Stahel’s troops drove
rebs. toward Haymarket, and captured 100 prisoners.
17. The draft resisted in Berkley, Luzerne co., Pa. 4 insurgents
killed. Resistance also in Carbondale, Scranton, and other towns in
the mining district.
18. Pickets of the 43rd Ind. dispersed by rebs. at Helena, Ark.,
losing several of their number.
18. 350 of the 4th Ohio cavalry, Capt. Robey, captured at
Lexington, Ky., by reb. cavalry under Gen. Morgan.
18. 10 guerrillas were shot at Palmyra, Mo., by order of Gen.
McNeill, in retaliation for the murder of Andrew Allsman, an aged
Union citizen.
18. Nine Union pickets were shot on the Mississippi, opposite
Helena, Ark.
18. A lieut. with 26 men and a supply train for Gen. Stahel were
captured by rebs. at Haymarket, and taken to Warrenton, Va.
19. A train of 82 wagons was captured by Morgan’s reb. cavalry at
Bardstown, Ky.
19. Fight on the Cumberland river 7 miles from Nashville, Tenn.
Col. Miller’s brigade of Fed. troops routed a force of Confederate
cavalry, and captured a large store of army supplies.
20. 500 cases of yellow fever reported at Wilmington, N. C., 30 or
40 dying daily.
20. Skirmish on the Auxvois river, Mo. Major Woodson, with 10th
Mo. militia dispersed rebel guerrillas with slight loss, capturing their
camp stores and horses.
 20. The 10th Illinois cavalry, Lieut.-Col. Stuart, defeated 250 reb.
cavalry, near Marshfield, Mo., taking 27 prisoners.
21. Skirmishing in Loudon co., Va., by Gen. Geary’s Union troops,
who took 75 prisoners.
21. Skirmish at Woodville, Tenn. 2nd Illinois cavalry, Major J. J.
Mudd, defeated guerrillas under Haywood, capturing 40 with their
arms, and 100 horses and mules.
21. Fight at Fort Cobb, Indian Terr. Loyal Indians from 6 tribes
defeated rebs. of the Tongkawa tribe, under Col. Leper, with great
slaughter. Col. Leper killed.
22. Gen. Blunt’s army defeated 5,000 rebs. at old Fort Wayne,
Marysville, N. W. Ark., capturing all their artillery and transportation
equipage.
22. Rebs. under Gen. Hindman driven from Huntsville, Ark., by
Gen. Schofield.
22. Battle at Pocotaligo, S. C. Gen. Brannan’s Fed. troops defeated
with a loss of 30 killed and 180 wounded, by rebels under Gen.
Beauregard.
22. Skirmish near Van Buren, Ark. Union cavalry under Major
Lazear defeated 450 rebels under Col. Boone, with considerable loss.
22. 30 wagons of the 5th and 9th Ill. cavalry captured by Texan
troops near Helena, Ark.
22. Union pickets defeated in a skirmish near Nashville, Tenn.
22. Brig Robert Bruce, captured off Shallotte inlet, N. C., by U. S.
gunboat Penobscot.
22. Skirmish near Hedgesville, Va. 4th Pa. cavalry, Capt. Duncan,
defeated rebels, capturing 19 prisoners.
23. 200 of the 83d Ill., Major Blott, defeated rebels at Waverly,
Tenn. Rebel loss, 40 killed and wounded, and 30 prisoners. Union
loss, 1 killed, 5 wounded.
23. Skirmish near Shelby Depot, Tenn. 55th Illinois, Col. Stuart,
defeated rebels, who lost 8 or 10 men.
23. 500 Fed. cavalry, Col. E. M’Cook, defeated Morgan’s cavalry at
Point Lick, Big Hill, and Richmond, Ky., taking 33 wagons and 200
prisoners.
 23. Ship Lafayette, of Conn., burned by the Alabama.
24. A Fed. force of 80 was defeated at Manassas Junction, Va.,
losing 17 prisoners.
24. Skirmish at Grand Prairie, Mo. Maj. F. G. White’s cavalry
defeated a reb. force, who lost 8 killed and 20 wounded. Fed. loss, 3
wounded.
24. Skirmish on the Blackwater, near Suffolk, Va. Gen. Perry’s
troops defeated rebs. who lost 6 men. One Unionist killed.
24. Sixteen of Gen. Morgan’s men captured by a Federal force at
Morgantown, Ky.
24. Steamer Scotia capt’ed off Charleston, S. C., by U. S. bark
Restless.
25. Gen. Buell removed from the Department of Ky., and Gen.
Rosecrans appointed commander.
25. Part of 43d Ind., on a scout near Helena, Ark., 3 of them killed
and 2 wounded by guerrillas in ambush.
27. Steamer Anglia capt’d off Charleston, S. C., by U. S. bark
Restless and steamer Flag.
27. Skirmish near Fayetteville, Ark. Gen. Herron’s Fed. troops
defeated guerrillas, killing 8, and capturing their wagons.
27. Skirmish at Putnam’s Ferry, Mo. 23d Iowa, Col. Lewis,
defeated a large force of rebs., who lost several killed and 40
prisoners.
27. Fight near Donaldsonville, La. Gen. Weitzel’s troops defeated
rebs., who lost 6 killed, 15 wounded and 208 prisoners. Fed. loss, 18
killed, 74 wounded.
27. Gen. Pleasanton’s cavalry drove the rebs. from Snicker’s Gap,
Va.
28. Capt. Partridge’s Fed. pickets were captured near Pensacola,
Fla.
28. The steamer Caroline captured off Mobile, Ala., by U. S.
steamer Montgomery.
28. Gen. Herron, with 1,000 men attacked a Confederate camp
near Fayetteville, Ark., under Col. Craven, routing them with a loss of
8 killed and their camp equipage.
 28. A company of reb. cavalry captured near Cotton Creek, Fla., by
Union troops.
28. The bark Lauretta, of N. Y., captured and burned by the
Alabama.
29. Skirmish 5 miles from Petersburg, Va. Lieut.-Col. Quirk routed
a detachment of Stuart’s reb. cavalry, capturing 16 men and 200
cattle.
29. Fight near Butler, Bates Co., Mo. 1st Kansas (colored), Col.
Seaman, defeated reb. guerrillas under Cockerill, with a loss of 30
killed and wounded. Union loss, 8 killed, 10 wounded.
29. Maj. Keenan, 8th Pa. cavalry captured 100 rebs. while on a
scout in the Shenandoah valley, Va.
29. Ship Alleghanian, of New York, burned on the Rappahannock
river, Va., by rebels.
30. Maj.-Gen. O. M. Mitchell, Commander of Department of the
South, died at Beaufort, S. C.
30. Skirmish at Thoroughfare Gap, Va. 1st N. J. cavalry, Col.
Wyndham, engaged a rebel force with slight loss.
31. The town of Franklin, on the Blackwater river, Va., partially
destroyed by Union batteries, a reb. force stationed there being
driven out with loss.
31. The Wilmington, N. C. salt-works destroyed by Capt. Cushing,
gunboat Ellis.
Nov. 1. The U. S. steamer Northerner, and gunboat States of the
North, with a detachment of 3d N. Y. cavalry and 2 pieces of Allen’s
artillery, under Maj. Garrard, captured 2 rebel schooners on Pungo
Creek, N. C. Disembarking at Montgomery, the troops marched to
Germantown, Swanquarter, and Middletown, capturing in those
places 25 prisoners and 130 horses and mules.
1. The town of Lavacca, on Matagorda Bay, Texas, bombarded by
U. S. gunboats Clifton and Westfield.
1. Skirmish at Franklin, Va. Gen. Wessell’s brigade, 11th Pa.
cavalry, and other troops, drove the rebels from the town with some
loss.
2. Skirmishes near Philomont, Va. by Gen. Pleasanton’s cavalry
with Stuart’s rebel forces.
 2. Snicker’s Gap, Va. occupied by Gen. Hancock’s troops after a
slight skirmish with the enemy.
2. Col. Dewey’s troops returned to Patterson, Wayne Co., Mo.,
from an expedition to Pittman’s ferry, Currant river, where they
captured 13 rebels.
2. A skirmish near Williamstown, N. C. between part of the 20th
N. C. rebels under Col. Burgwyn, and some Federal troops.
2. Col. Lee, of Hamilton’s National cavalry, returned to Grand
Junction, Miss. after a three days’ expedition towards Ripley and 10
miles south, having captured 65 of the enemy with slight resistance.
2. The ship Levi Starbuck captured and burned by the Alabama.
3. A fight in Bayou Teche, La., 5 Union gunboats engaged a large
rebel force and the gunboat Cotton. The rebels retreated after
burning 75 cars and engines, and 1000 hogsheads of sugar. Fed. loss
about 14 killed and wounded.
Nov. 3. Tampa, Fla. was bombarded by the Union forces.
3. 300 rebs. under Quantrell attacked a wagon train of 13 wagons,
escorted by 22 of the 6th Mo. cavalry, Lieut. Newby, near
Harrisonville, Mo., killing 8 of the escort, wounding 4 and taking 5
prisoners, and burning the wagons. The rebel troops were shortly
after overtaken by the 5th and 6th Mo. cavalry and defeated with
severe loss.
3. The steamer Darlington, with col’d troops under Col. O. T.
Beard, proceeded up Bell river, Fla., to Cooper’s, where they
destroyed the salt works, and all stores that could not be carried off.
From thence they went up Jolly river, destroying salt works, with a
large amount of corn and salt.
3. Skirmish near New Baltimore, Va. Capt. Flint, with pickets from
1st Vt. cavalry, defeated a reb. party.
3. Piedmont, Va., occupied by Union cavalry under Pleasanton and
Averill.
3. Fight in Webster Co., Ky. Col. Foster captured 3 lieutenants, 22
men, 40 horses, &c.
3. Horatio Seymour elected Governor of New York.
4. 3 Union pickets captured near Bolivar Heights, Va.
4. La Grange, Miss. occupied by Gen. Grant’s forces.
 4. Bark Sophia captured off N. C. coast by U. S. steamers Daylight
and Mount Vernon.
4. The U. S. steamer Darlington, with Col. O. T. Beard’s colored
troops destroyed rebel salt works at King’s Bay, Ga., after slight
skirmishing with the enemy.
5. Skirmish at Lamar, Mo. 80 State militia driven from the place
by Quantrell’s rebel troop.
5. Skirmish at Barber’s Cross-Roads, Va. Gen. Pleasanton’s cavalry
defeated a detachment of Gen. Stuart’s reb. troops.
5. Maj. Holloway’s Federal cavalry defeated a party of guerrillas
under Col. Fowler, between Henderson and Bowling Green, Ky. Reb.
loss 8 killed, including the commander, besides a large number of
wounded prisoners.
5. Skirmish at New Baltimore, Va. Col. Wyndham’s Fed. cavalry
defeated rebels.
5. Skirmish near Nashville, Tenn. Gen. Negley’s Fed. troops
defeated Gen. J. H. Morgan’s forces, capturing 23 Union loss 5 killed,
19 wounded.
5. Gen. McClellan relieved from command of the Army of the
Potomac, and Gen. Burnside appointed his successor.
6. Warrenton, Va., captured by Gen. Reynolds, who took 7 Confed.
prisoners.
6. Fight at Piketon, Ky. Col. Dills routed Confederates, capturing
80, and securing 150 muskets, 40 horses, wagons, &c.
6. Skirmish near Leatherwood, Ky. Capt. Powell’s Fed. company
routed guerrillas, who fled, leaving 6 of their number dead, and their
captain mortally wounded.
7. At Beaver Creek, Mo., Capt. Barstow’s company of 10th Ill.
cavalry, and 2 militia companies, defended a block house for 5 hours
against a superior force, when he surrendered.
7. Expedition up the Sapelo river, Ga., by U. S. steamers Potomska
and Darlington, and 48th N. Y., Col. O. T. Beard. A valuable salt work
destroyed, and a number of rebs. and slaves captured.
7. Skirmish at Lamar, Mo. State militia successfully resist an attack
from Quantrell’s band.
 7. 300 Indians, who were engaged in the massacres in Minnesota,
were sentenced to be hung—most of whom were afterwards
pardoned.
8. Skirmish at Rappahannock bridge, Va. Gen. Bayard’s troops
captured 12 of Longstreet’s rebels.
8. Skirmish at Hudsonville, Miss. 7th Kansas, Col. Lee, defeated
rebels, who lost 16 killed, and 175 captured.
8. Ship T. B. Wales burned by the Alabama.
8. Skirmish near Marianna, Ark. Part of 3d and 4th Iowa cavalry,
Capt. M. L. Perkins, defeated rebels, who lost 5 killed and several
wounded. 1 Fed. wounded.
9. Skirmish at Fredericksburg, Va. Capt. Dahlgren’s troops drove
off a Confed. party, after a sharp skirmish, capturing 39 prisoners
and stores.
9. Gen. Kelley’s Fed. cavalry defeated Imboden’s troops 18 miles
S.W. of Moorefield, Va.
9. St. Mary’s, Fla., burned by U. S. gunboat Mohawk in retaliation
for the treachery of the inhabitants.
9. Skirmish in Perry Co., Ky., on the Kentucky river. Capts. Morgan
and Eversod’s troops defeated guerrillas.
10. Lieut. Ash, 2d U. S. dragoons, defeated part of 5th Va. cavalry,
10 miles south of Warrenton, Va.
10. Capt. G. W. Gilmore captured two wagons and several rebels
near Williamsburg, Greenbrier Co., Va.
11. Skirmish near Huntsville, Tenn. Capt. Duncan’s Home Guards
routed a small band of rebs. who lost 6 killed and several wounded.
11. A fight near Lebanon, Tenn. National cavalry under Capts.
Kennett and Wolford defeated Morgan’s men, who lost 7 killed and
125 prisoners.
11. National pickets driven in with slight loss at Newbern, N. C.
11. 134 prisoners taken and 16 rebs. killed by Col. Lee’s Kansas
cavalry near La Grange, Tenn.
11. Gen. Ransom defeated Confederate forces near Garretsburg,
Ky.
 12. Gen. Hooker appointed to relieve Gen. Fitz John Porter in
command of the 5th Army Corps.
12. Cavalry engagement near Lamar, Miss. Detachments of 2nd Ill.
and 27th Kansas, Maj. J. J. Mudd, routed a force of rebs. with severe
loss.
13. Slight skirmish at Holly Springs, Miss. Col. Lee’s cavalry killed
4 rebs. and captured several.
13. Expedition to the Doboy river, Ga., by U. S. steamers Ben
Deford and Darlington, with Col. Beard’s colored troops, who seized
a large quantity of reb. property.
13. A reb. camp near Calhoun, Green river, Ky. was surprised by
Col. Shanks, with 400 men, who captured their arms and camp
equipage.
15. Fight near Fayetteville, Va., by Fed. troops under Gen. Sturgis
and a large body of rebs., who were defeated.
16. The remaining corps of the army of the Potomac, excepting the
5th and Gen. Pleasanton’s cavalry, left Warrenton, and proceeded
towards Fredericksburg.
17. Pickets of the 104th Pa. surprised at Gloucester Point, Pa. and 1
killed, 3 wounded, and 2 captured.
18. Skirmish at Rural Hills, Tenn. Col. Hawkins’ troops defeated
reb. cavalry, who left 16 of their number dead on the field.
18. At Cove Creek, near Kinston, N. C., Lieut.-Col. Mix with part of
3d N. Y. cavalry and Allis’s artillery, defeated the 10th N. C. infantry
and some of the 2d N. C. cavalry, who retreated with the loss of arms
and equipments.
18. Falmouth, Va. occupied by Gen. Sumner’s Fed. troops.
18. The English schooners Ariel and Ann Marie captured off Little
Run, S. C. by U. S. gunboat Monticello.
19. James A. Seddons appointed reb. Sec. of War, in place of G. W.
Randolph, resigned.
19. The 1st Gen. Council of the Epis. Church in the reb. States met
at Augusta, Ga.
20. Col. Carlin’s expedition returned to Nashville, Tenn., from
Clarksville, having captured 43 rebs., 40 horses, &c.
 20. Fed. pickets surprised at Bull Run bridge, Va., and 3 captured.
20. Warrenton and Leesburg, Va., occupied by reb. cavalry.
21. Gen. Sumner, commanding right wing of army of the Potomac,
in front of Fredericksburg, Va.
21. Skirmish at Bayou Bontouca, near Fort Pike, La. Capt. Darling’s
company of 31st Mass. defeated rebs. under Capt. Evans, who lost 4
killed and several wounded. Union loss 1 wounded.
22. All political State prisoners held by military authority in the U.
S. released by order of the Sec. of War.
22. Part of 1st N. Y. cavalry, Capt. Harkins, defeated rebs. near
Winchester, Va., who lost 4 men and 30 horses.
22. An expedition into Matthew Co., Va., by steamer Mahaska,
Capt. F. A. Parker, with land forces under Gen. Naglee, destroyed 12
salt works, and 20 or 30 vessels and other reb. property.
22. Skirmish near Halltown, Va., by Gen. Geary’s troops.
23. Lieut. Cushing, U. S. steamer Ellis, captured 2 schrs. on New
river, N. C., but lost his own vessel on the shoals in returning.
24. A reb. picket of 12 men captured by Gen. Kelley’s cavalry 4
miles from Winchester, Va.
24. A Fed. supply train of 47 wagons, escorted by 50 3d Mo.
cavalry, was attacked by rebs. about 30 miles south of Lebanon,
Texas Co., Mo. 5 of the escort were killed and 20 wagons captured.
25. The U. S. gunboat Lexington, J. W. Shirk, attacked 20 miles
below Helena, Ark. The enemy were repelled, leaving several of their
number killed. Capt. Shirk landed a party of sailors, who carried off
20 negroes and 16 bales of cotton.
25. A slight skirmish at Zuni, on the Blackwater river, Va., by
mounted rifles under Col. Dodge, and a reb. force.
25. A company of Fed. troops captured at Henderson, Tenn., by
reb. cavalry.
25. In Crawford Co., Mo., a company of reb. guerrillas carried off
horses, firearms, clothing, &c., from farmers. Returning, near Huzza
river, Iron Co., they were overtaken by Capt. N. B. Reeve’s company,
who killed 2 of their party and recovered the plunder.
 Nov. 25. Col. Paxton’s loyal Va. cavalry captured 118 prisoners,
300 stand of arms, 100 horses, and other property, near Sinking
Creek, W. Va.
26. Fight at Cold Knob Mountain, Va. 2d Va. cavalry, Col. J. C.
Paxton, defeated reb. troops, of whom over 100 were taken
prisoners.
26. 25 guerrillas, under Evan Dorsey, crossed the Potomac, and
robbed the stores and stables in Urbanna, 7 miles above Frederic,
Md. killing a man named Harris.
26. 7th Ill. cavalry attacked rebs. near Summerville, Miss., and
captured 28 of their number.
27. Indiana troops, under Cols. Hurd and Dodge, defeated rebels
near La Vergne, Tenn., several of whom were killed. National loss 10
wounded.
28. Gen. Blunt defeated Gen. Marmaduke’s Confederate forces en
route for Missouri, at Kane Hill, Ark. The battle raged over 12 miles.
The rebels retreated to Van Buren, Ark.
28. At Hartwood Church, 15 miles from Falmouth, Va., 2
squadrons of 3d Pa. cavalry, Gen. Averill’s brigade, captured by the
enemy, after a brief resistance, in which they lost 4 killed and 9
wounded.
28. A large Fed. expedition, under Gen. A. P. Hovey, left Helena,
Ark., and arrived at Delta, Miss., cutting the Tenn. and Mississippi
railroad, and destroying 2 engines and 30 cars. Gen. Washburne’s
cavalry encountered the rear of Price’s rebel army, and captured 50
men, near the Big Black river.
29. The U. S. steamer Star was burned by rebs. 2 miles below
Plaqeumine, La.
29. Gen. Stahl, with 300 cavalry, attacked rebs. at Snicker’s Gap,
Va., killing 45, capturing 40.
30. A skirmish near Abbeville, Miss., by Col. Lee’s troops with a
rebel force.
30. The schooner Levi Rowe captured off N. Carolina by U. S.
steamer Mount Vernon.
30. The bark Parker Cook destroyed by reb. steamer Alabama in
the Mona Passage.
 Dec. 1. U. S. Congress convened at Washington.
1. Col. Lee’s cavalry took possession of rebel forts on the
Tallahatchie river. He also captured a battery of 6 guns on the north
side of the river.
1. Skirmish near Horse Creek, Dade Co., Mo. Maj. Kelley’s 4th Mo.
cavalry routed a band of rebs., capturing 5.
1. Skirmish near Charlestown, Va. Gen. Slocum’s Fed. troops
defeated rebel cavalry under White and Henderson, killing 5, and
wounding 18.
1. At Franklin, Va., Gen. Peck recaptured the Pittsburg battery,
taken from the Fed. forces on the Peninsula.
2. A fight near Franklin, Va. 11th Pa. cavalry, Col. Spear, with
artillery supports, defeated reb. cavalry with severe loss.
2. Lieut. Hoffman and 6 men of 1st N. J. cavalry, captured while on
picket duty 3 miles from Dumfries, Va.
2. Two companies of 8th Pa. cavalry, Capt. Wilson, defeated with
severe loss at King George Court House, Va.
2. Part of Gen. Banks’ expedition to New Orleans sailed from New
York.
2. Gen. Geary defeated rebels near Charlestown, Va., killing and
wounding 70, and capturing 145.
3. Princeton, Ky., occupied by Federal troops, 91st Ind. and 15th
Ky., under Maj. A. P. Henry, who captured a number of rebels.
3. Skirmishes near Oxford, Miss. Col. Hatch’s brigade captured 92
rebs. Fed. loss in killed and wounded, 20.
4. Skirmish near Tuscumbia, Ala. Rebs. abandoned their camps,
losing 70 men prisoners, and their horses.
4. Winchester, Va., occupied by Gen. Geary’s troops, the rebel
garrison leaving on his approach.
4. A sharp fight at Watervalley, Miss. Col. Hatch and Lee’s Fed.
brigades defeated a rebel force, capturing 300 men and 50 horses.
5. Fed. cavalry under Cols. Dickey and Lee defeated by rebel
infantry after two hours’ fight. Union loss, 100 killed, wounded, and
missing.
 5. The 30th Iowa and 29th Wis. attacked by rebs. at Helena, Ark.,
whom they repulsed, killing 8, and capturing 30.
6. The schr. Medora, with rebel army stores, was captured at
Hackett’s Point Md., by Capt. Kearney’s company.
6. A forage train, in charge of 93d Ohio, Col. Anderson, was
attacked by rebs. near Lebanon, Tenn., who were driven off.
6. Gen. Banks’ expedition sailed from New York to New Orleans.
7. U. S. mail steamer Ariel captured off Cuba by rebel steamer
Alabama, but released on bond for $228,000.
7. Gens. Blunt and Herron defeated 15,000 rebels under Gens.
Hindman, Marmaduke, Parsons, and Frost, at Prairie Grove, N.W.
Ark. Federal loss, 495 killed, 600 wounded. Confed. loss, 1,500 killed
and wounded.
7. The 106th and 108th Ohio, and 104th Ill., under Col. A. B.
Moore, were attacked by a rebel force under Gen. J. H. Morgan, at
Hartsville, Tenn. After a fight in which 55 of the Feds. were killed,
and over 100 wounded, the entire force surrendered to the rebels,
who lost about the same number in killed and wounded.
7. 60 of the 8th Pa. cavalry defeated at King George’s C. H., Va.
Loss 20.
9. A body of rebels attacked a forage train, under escort, near
LaVergne, Tenn., but were repulsed with considerable loss.
9. U. S. steamer Lake City was burned by rebels at Concordia, Ark.
In retaliation, the steamer De Soto went to Concordia, and burned 42
houses.
9. Skirmish near Brentville, Tenn. Federals under Col. John A.
Martin, defeated a rebel force.
10. Congress passed a bill admitting to the Union the State of
Western Va.
10. Plymouth, N. C., captured and burned by the Confederates.
11. The U. S. gunboat Cairo sunk in the Yazoo river by a torpedo.
The crew saved.
11. The city of Fredericksburg, Va., bombarded and occupied by
Fed. troops.
 12. Skirmish near Corinth, Miss. 52d Ill., Col. Sweeney, engaged a
rebel force led by Col. Roddy. Rebel loss, 11 killed, 80 wounded;
Union loss, 1 killed, and 2 prisoners.
12. 1,750 paroled Union prisoners, who had been captured by Gen.
Morgan, arrived at Nashville.
12. Artillery skirmish by Gen. Terry’s Federal troops, near Zuni, on
the Blackwater river, Va.
12. At Dumfries, Va., 35 National pickets and sutlers were captured
by Gen. Stuart’s cavalry.
12. Gen. Foster engaged and defeated Confederates near Kingston,
N. C., capturing 400 prisoners, 13 pieces of artillery, &c.
12. Rebel salt works at Yellville, Ark., destroyed by Federal troops
under Capt. M. Birch.
12. Rebs. attacked at Franklin, Tenn., by cavalry under Gen. D. S.
Stanley, who drove them from the town, and destroyed mills and
other property. Reb. loss, 5 killed, 10 wounded. One Fed. killed.
13. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va. The reb. works were attacked by
the National army under Gen. Burnside. It consisted of three grand
divisions led by Gens. Sumner, Hooker and Franklin. The Fed. army
was repulsed, losing 1,512 killed, 6,000 wounded, and 460 prisoners.
The rebels lost 1,800 men.
13. Jeff. Davis reviewed the reb. forces under Bragg at
Murfreesboro’.
13. Two regiments of Union infantry and one of cavalry surprised a
rebel force at Tuscumbia, Ala., completely routing them and
capturing 70 prisoners, their horses and baggage. Federal loss, 4
killed, 14 wounded.
13. Gov. Johnson, of Tenn., assessed disloyal citizens of Nashville
in various amounts to be paid in 5 monthly instalments, in behalf of
widows and orphans of that city who had been reduced to want in
consequence of their husbands and fathers being forced into the
rebel armies.
13. Skirmish at Southwest Creek, N. C. Gen. Foster’s troops routed
rebels, who lost a number of prisoners and guns.
13. Unsuccessful attack on reb. works on the river, at Kinston, N.
C., by small boats under Capt. Murray.
 14. Two hundred Feds. under Capt. Thornberry, of 39th Ky., were
defeated by 800 rebels at Wireman’s Shoals, 5 miles below
Prestonsburg, Ky. Rebs. captured 700 muskets, as many uniforms,
and 40,000 rounds of cartridges.
14. The True Presbyterian and the Baptist Recorder, of Louisville,
Ky., were suppressed, and the editor of the Recorder sent to prison.
14. Coffeeville, Miss., occupied by Fed. forces under Cols. Mizner
and Lee.
14. Gen. Foster’s troops engaged and defeated the Confeds. near
Kingston, N. C., capturing 400 prisoners, 13 pieces of artillery, &c.
Reb. loss, 71 killed, 268 wounded. Fed. loss, 90 killed, 478 w.
14. A Confed. cavalry force crossed the Potomac at Poolesville,
Md., and captured 13 Fed. soldiers of the Scott cavalry, killing or
wounding about 20 more.
14. Gen. Banks’ expedition arrived at New Orleans.
14. A picket guard of 24 men of the 6th Mo., were captured by rebs.
at Helena, Ark.
14. Slight skirmish at Woodsonville, Tenn.
14. A wagon train laden with provisions and clothing for Fed.
troops at Ringgold Barracks, Texas, on its way from Fort Brown,
under escort, was attacked by Mexicans and captured, and the escort
killed, excepting one man.
Dec. 15. Gen. Hovey’s expedition returned to Helena, Ark.
15. Gen. Butler superseded in command of the Department of the
Gulf by Gen. Banks.
16. Rebs. under Gen. Evans defeated in an artillery duel on the
banks of the river Neuse, near Whitehall, N. C., by Gen. Foster’s
troops.
16. Three hundred Ga., Texas and Ky. cavalry captured near New
Haven, Ky., by a detachment of Walford’s cavalry, under Capt.
Adams.
16. The army of the Potomac withdrawn to the north side of the
Rappahannock, from Fredericksburg, Va.
17. Baton Rouge, La., occupied by Fed. troops under Gen. Grover.
 17. Fight at Goldsboro’, N. C. Gen. Foster’s troops destroyed a
valuable bridge, and defeated rebels under Gen. Evans.
18. Lexington, Ky., occupied by rebs. under Gen. Forrest, after
defeating the 11th Ill. cavalry, Col. R. G. Ingersoll, who fought 2
hours, and lost 40 men and 2 cannon.
18. The steamer Mill Boy, at Commerce, Miss., was fired on by reb.
cavalry and 3 men killed. The U. S. gunboat Juliet and City Belle with
11th and 47th Ind. were dispatched to Commerce and burnt the town
and plantations in the neighborhood.
19. Holly Springs, Miss., surrendered to rebs. with 1,800 men and
150 officers. $1,000,000 worth of commissary stores, &c., destroyed.
19. A lieutenant and 30 men of 10th N. Y. cavalry, with 14 wagons,
captured at Occoquan, Va., by reb. cavalry, who were overtaken by
Col. Rush’s cavalry and compelled to destroy their plunder.
19. Col. Dickey’s Fed. cavalry returned to camp, near Oxford,
Miss., from a 6 days’ scout, with 150 prisoners. 34 miles of the Ohio
and Mobile railroad were destroyed, with a large amount of rebel
stores.
20. Skirmish near Halltown, Va. Capt. Vernon’s Fed. cavalry
defeated rebs., capturing 3.
19–20. A body of reb. cavalry under Col. Forrest attacked a Fed.
force at Davis’s Mills, Tenn., and were repulsed by them. On the
succeeding day, Humboldt, Trenton, Dyers, Rutherton, and Keaton
were visited by them, and telegraph lines and railroad bridges
destroyed, thus severing Gen. Grant’s communication between
Columbus and Corinth.
20. Gen. W. T. Sherman’s expeditionary army against Vicksburg
embarked at Memphis, Tenn., in over 100 transports.
21. Gen. Carter, with 1000 cavalry, entered E. Tenn., and captured
550 rebels and 700 stand of arms.
21. Skirmish near Nashville, Tenn. Gen. Van Cleve’s troops with
reb. artil’y.
21. Secretaries Seward and Chase tendered their resignation to
Pres. Lincoln, who informed them that the acceptance of them would
be incompatible with the public welfare; when the resignations were
withdrawn.
 21. The 25th Ind., Col. W. H. Morgan, in garrison at Davis’s Mills,
Wolf river, Miss., were attacked by a large cavalry force of rebs.
under Gen. Van. After 3 hours’ contest the rebels withdrew, leaving
22 dead, 30 wounded, 20 prisoners, and 100 stand of arms.
22. Skirmish at Isle of Wight Court House, Va. Lieut. Onderdonk’s
N. Y. mounted rifles defeated by Gen. Pryor’s troops. Rebs. lost 2
men.
22. Maj.-Gen. R. C. Schenck assumed command of the Middle
Department and 8th Army corps, headquarters at Baltimore, Md.
23. A proclamation from Jeff. Davis, threatening to hang Gen.
Butler, or any of his officers who should be captured, in retaliation
for the hanging of W. B. Mumford at N. Orleans.
23. Gen. Sigel’s troops attacked at Dumfries, Va. by reb. cavalry,
who were repulsed.
24. Skirmish near Munfordsville, Ky. Capt. Dickey’s company of 2d
Mich. were defeated by rebs. of Gen. Morgan’s army, losing 23 men
prisoners.
24. Skirmish on the Blackwater river, Va., 4 miles above Franklin.
11th Pa. cavalry, Col. Spears, dispersed rebel troops, capturing 4.
24. Gen. M. L. Smith’s Fed. troops destroyed Vicksburg and Texas
railroad 10 miles W. of Vicksburg, and burned stations at Delhi and
Dallas.
25. Skirmish at Green’s Chapel, near Munfordville, Ky. Col. Gray’s
Fed. troops defeated rebs. of Morgan’s army, who lost 9 killed, 22
wounded and 5 prisoners.
25. Col. Shanks with 12th Ky. cavalry attacked rebs. near Bear
Wallow, Ky. killing 1, wounding 2 and capturing 10.
26. 38 Indians hung at Mankato, Minn, for participating in the late
massacres in that State.
26. Maj. Stevens, with 150 of 4th Ky. attacked a reb. camp in
Powell Co., Ky. capturing 12 men, with most of the camp equipage.
27. A company of Pa. cavalry, under Capt. Johnson, captured at
Occoquan, Va.
27. Elizabethtown, Ky. with a garrison of nearly 500 men under
Col. H. S. Smith, was captured by Gen. Morgan’s reb. army, after a
short resistance. An immense amount of public and private stores
were carried off by the rebs.
27. Fight at Dumfries, Va. Col. C. Candy’s troops were attacked by
rebs. under Gens. Stuart and Fitz Hugh Lee, who were driven off
with the loss of 30 or 40 men in killed and wounded. Fed. loss about
10 killed and wounded.
27–29. Attack on Vicksburg, Miss. by Gen. Sherman’s army and
Fed. gunboats. Gen. Sherman’s army ascended the Yazoo river on
transports, landed and attacked the reb. works in the rear of
Vicksburg, while the gunboats assailed the batteries at Haines’ Bluff.
The Feds., after sanguinary conflicts, carried the first and second
lines of defence and advanced within 2½ miles of the city, where
they were defeated and compelled to withdraw, with a loss of 600
killed, 1,500 wounded and 1,000 missing.
28. The trestle-work at Muldraugh’s Hill, defended by the 71st
Ind., captured and destroyed by rebels under Gen. Morgan after 6
hours’ fight.
28. New Madrid, Mo., evacuated by Unionists, after destroying the
barracks and magazine.
28. Skirmish near Suffolk, Va. Col. Gibbs’ troops routed rebel
cavalry.
28. Van Buren, Ark., with a rebel garrison of 120 men, 6
steamboats, and a large amount of ammunition and stores was
captured by Gen. Blunt’s army, with slight loss.
28. Major Foley with 250 of the 6th and 10th Ky. cavalry, surprised
a rebel camp at Elkford, Campbell Co., Ky. 30 rebels killed, 176
wounded, 51 prisoners, and 80 horses taken.
28. Skirmish near Clinton, La. Stuart’s reb. cavalry defeated by a
National force.
30. The Union and Watauga bridges on the E. Tenn. and Va.
railroad destroyed by Gen. Carter’s Fed. troops, who defeated a rebel
force, of whom 400 were taken prisoners, and 150 k. and w. with
slight loss to the Unionists.
30. The iron-clad steamer Monitor, Commander Bankhead,
foundered near Cape Hatteras, N. C. 4 officers and 12 of the crew,
and also 8 R. I. soldiers were lost with her.
 30. Battle at Parker’s Cross Roads, Tenn. A desperate conflict of
several hours’ duration between Gen. Sullivan’s troops, and Gen.
Forrest’s rebel cavalry, in which the latter were defeated with a loss
of 600 in killed, wounded and prisoners. Fed. loss, about 200.
31. Beginning of the Battle of Stone river, or Murfreesboro’. 10
hours continuous fighting without result.
31. Gen. McClernand succeeded Gen. Sherman at Vicksburg and
the Fed. army retired to Milliken’s Bend.
1863.
Jan. 1. Pres. Lincoln issued his Emancipation Proclamation,
declaring all the slaves then held in rebellious territory to be forever
free.
1. Galveston, Tex., recaptured by rebs. under Gen. Magruder, with
its garrison of 300 men. 6 Fed. gunboats were in the harbor. The
Harriet Lane was captured after a severe fight, in which Capt.
Wainwright was killed, and many of his crew. The Fed. flagship
Westfield was blown up by Commander Renshaw, to avoid capture,
by which he lost his life, with many of the crew.
2. The battle of Stone river, or Murfreesboro’, Tenn., between Gen.
Rosecrans’ army and Gen. Bragg’s rebel troops, which commenced
two days before, was resumed, and after an obstinate and bloody
contest, which lasted all day, the rebels were defeated with great
slaughter. Fed. loss, 1,533 killed, 6,000 wounded, 2,000 prisoners;
rebel loss, over 10,000, of whom 9,000 were killed and wounded.
2. Reb. cavalry under Major Herring, captured 10 sutlers’ wagons
and their attendants at Dumfries, Va., belonging to Maine and New
York regiments.
3. A rebel camp near La Grange, Ark., was surprised by Gen.
Washburne’s cavalry. 10 of the rebels were captured, and 10 killed or
wounded.
3. Rebs. under Gen. Jones attacked Col. Washburne’s troops at
Moorfield, near New Creek, Va., and captured 65 of them.
5. Fed. troops in Hardy Co., Va., attacked by rebels under Capt. J.
H. McNeill, who captured 33 men, 61 horses and camp stores.
5. The Fed. schr. Home, Capt. Cushing, destroyed a small rebel fort
on Little river, N. C.
6. The iron steamer Antona, laden with arms and medicine, was
captured off Mobile, by U. S. steamer Pocahontas.
7. 450 women and children left Washington, D. C., for Richmond
and other points south, by special permit.
 Jan. 8. A rebel force of 5,000, under Gens. Marmaduke and
Burbridge, attacked the garrison at Springfield, Mo. They were
repulsed by the Feds. under Gen. Brown and Col. Crabb. Fed. loss 17
killed and 50 wounded. Reb. loss 200.
8. Union force from Yorktown, Va., under Major W. P. Hall, made
a raid to the Pamunkey river, and destroyed a ferryboat, steamers,
sloops, railroad and depots, and large warehouses containing rebel
stores.
8. The 20th Ill. cavalry, Capt. Moore, attacked a rebel camp near
Ripley, Tenn., held by Lieut.-Col. Dawson, killing 8, wounding 20,
and capturing 46 prisoners. Fed. loss, 3 wounded.
9. Reb. troops under Gen. Pryor crossed the Blackwater, near
Suffolk, Va., and attacked Gen. Corcoran’s brigade of Gen. Peck’s
troops. Enemy defeated. Fed. loss, 104.
9. Col. Ludlow effected an exchange of prisoners at City Point, Va.,
by which 20,000 men were restored to the National army.
10. Skirmish at Catlett’s Station, Va. Col. Schimmelfennig’s troops,
and Hampton’s rebel cavalry.
10. 21st Iowa, Col. Merritt, attacked by Marmaduke’s troops at
Hartsville, Mo. Rebs. defeated. Fed. loss, 35 killed and wounded.
Reb. loss, 150 killed and wounded, and 150 prisoners.
11. U. S. steamer Hatteras, Lieut. R. G. Blake, sunk off Texas, by
rebel steamer Alabama. 100 of the Fed. crew captured.
11. Steamer Grampus, No. 2, at the mouth of Wolf river, Tenn.,
captured and burned by 13 rebels.
11. Arkansas Post, Fort Hindman, on the Ark. river, captured by
Admiral Porter’s squadron and Gen. McClernand’s army. Fed. loss,
nearly 1,000 in killed, wounded and missing. Reb. loss, 550 killed
and wounded, and 5,000 prisoners.
12. The brig J. P. Ellicott captured by rebel privateer Retribution,
and put in charge of a prize crew. The wife of the mate of the Ellicott
succeeded in getting the rebels intoxicated, put them in irons, piloted
the vessel to St. Thomas, and delivered her and the prisoners to the
U. S. Consul.
12. A rebel raid upon Holly Springs, Miss.
 13. Gunboat Major Slidell and 3 boats with wounded troops
captured by guerrillas on the Cumberland river, the wounded
robbed, and all but one of the boats burned.
14. Four Union gunboats under Com. Buchanan, assisted by Gen.
Weitzel’s troops, engaged the rebel iron-clad gunboat Cotton, aided
by Col. Gray’s soldiers, on the Bayou Teche, La. The Cotton was
destroyed after several hours’ combat. Commodore Buchanan was
killed.
14. The steamer Forest Queen was burned by guerrillas at
Commerce, Miss.
14. The Fed. gunboat Queen of the West, Col. Charles E. Ellet, was
captured on the Red river near Gordon’s Landing.
15. Mound City, Ark., burned by Fed. troops.
15. 17 of the 22d Wis. captured near Clarendon, Ark. 7 rebels killed
and wounded.
16. U. S. steamer Columbia stranded at Masonboro’ Inlet, N. C.
Her officers surrendered to the rebels, under Col. Lamb.
16. Duvall’s Bluff, Ark., captured by Fed. gunboat Baron de Kalb,
and others of Porter’s flotilla, and Gen. Gorman’s troops. 100
prisoners taken. Lieut. J. G. Walker, 7 prisoners and a large supply of
arms taken.
16. Reb. privateer Oreto escaped from Mobile.
16. U. S. transport ship Planter, with troops, wrecked near
Stranger’s Key, Bahama.
17. Des Arc, Ark., captured by Fed. troops, without opposition.
17. Skirmish at Pollocksville, N. C., the rebels fleeing from the
town.
19. Skirmish near Barnesville, Va. Lieut. Vezin and 112 men
charged a large party of reb. cavalry, rescuing 6 of their company
who were prisoners and capturing 4 rebels.
19. The brig Estelle captured by the reb. privateer Oreto, or
Florida, Capt. Maffit.
19. The army of the Potomac, Gen. Burnside, moved down the
Rappahannock.