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– AQA THE CHALLENGE OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

The Challenge of Resource Management PLC

Red Amber Green

Food, water and energy are fundamental to human
development
I know how important food, water and energy are to economic
and social well-being.
I have an overview of global inequalities in the supply and
consumption of resources.
The changing demand and provision of resources in the UK create opportunities and
challenges. An overview of resources in relation to the UK: Food
I know there is a growing demand for high-value food exports
from low income countries.
I know there is a growing all-year demand for seasonal food and
organic produce.
I understand how large carbon footprints are associated with the
increased number of ‘food miles’ travelled and moves towards
local sourcing of food.
I understand the trend towards agribusiness.
The changing demand and provision of resources in the UK create opportunities and
challenges. An overview of resources in relation to the UK: Water
I know the changing demand for water in the UK.
I can discuss water quality and pollution management.
I know how the UK matches supply and demand for water and
the areas of deficit and surplus.
I understand the need for transfer to maintain water supplies.
The changing demand and provision of resources in the UK create opportunities and challenges.
An overview of resources in relation to the UK: Energy
I know how the energy mix in the UK is changing from reliance
on fossil fuels and the growing significance of renewables.
I know how supplies of coal, gas and oil have reduced in the UK.
I know the economic issues associated with exploitation of
energy issues.
I know the environmental issues associated with the exploitation
of energy resources.
Energy

Red Amber Green

Demand for energy resources is rising globally but supply can
be insecure, which may lead to conflict.
I know the global distribution of energy consumption and supply.
I know the reasons for increasing energy consumption: economic
development, rising population, technology.
I know the factors affecting energy supply: physical factors, cost
of exploitation and production, technology and political factors.
I know the impacts of energy insecurity – exploration of difficult
and environmentally sensitive areas, economic and
environmental costs, food production, industrial output, potential
for conflict where demand exceeds supply.
Different strategies can be used to increase energy supply.
I can give an overview of strategies to increase energy supply
including renewable (biomass, wind, hydro, tidal, geothermal,
wave and solar) and non-renewable (fossil fuels and nuclear
power) sources of energy.
I know an example to show how the extraction of a fossil fuel
has both advantages and disadvantages.
I know the potential for sustainable energy supplies: individual
energy use and carbon footprints. Energy conservation:
designing homes, workplaces and transport for sustainability,

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demand reduction, use of technology to increase efficiency in
the use of fossil fuels.
I know an example of a local renewable energy scheme in an
LIC or NEE to provide sustainable supplies of energy.

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GEOGREVISE THE CHALLENGE OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Retrieval Practice

FOOD, WATER AND ENERGY ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO HUMAN

DEVELOPMENT
1. What are resources?
2. How many calories does the average person need to consume in a day?
3. Identify 3 consequences of not eating enough calories each day.
4. Identify two consequences of over eating.
5. How much water makes up a human body?
6. Why do our bodies need water?
7. How much water should the average person consume each day?
8. Identify three other uses of water.
9. What is a primary energy?
10.Give an example of a primary energy
11.What is a secondary energy?
12.Give an example of a secondary energy.
13.Is the global distribution of resources equal or unequal?
14.What does the balance between the supply and demand of resources affect?
15.What is food security?
16.What is food insecurity?
17.How do wealthier countries make food resources more affordable?
18.What is a food surplus?
19.What is a food deficit?
20.There is a fixed amount of water on the planet. Identify two stores of water on
Earth.
21.Some water circulates the planet. What is this process known as?
22.What is a water surplus?
23.What is a water deficit?
24.How can a water surplus occur?
25.How can a water deficit occur?
26.How can a water surplus cause problems?
27.How can a water deficit cause problems?
28.Which type of countries consume the most energy?
29.Which types of countries use less energy?
30.What is a fossil fuel?
31.What is energy insecurity?
32.Countries that produce a high proportion of the energy they consume are said to
be what?

THE CHANGING DEMAND AND PROVISION OF RESOURCES IN THE UK

CREATE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. AN OVERVIEW OF
RESOURCES IN RELATION TO THE UK: FOOD
1. There is enough food to feed everyone on the planet. However, 1 billion people
experience food insecurity. Why is this?
2. Does the U.K. have food security?
3. What proportion of the UKs food is imported?
4. Why has there been growing demand for food imports in the U.K.?
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 5. What is organic food?
6. Why has the consumption of organic food increased in the U.K.?
7. What initially happens to yields when a farm changes to organic?
8. Why do some people believe organic farming is unsustainable?

THE CHANGING DEMAND AND PROVISION OF RESOURCES IN THE UK

CREATE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. AN OVERVIEW OF
RESOURCES IN RELATION TO THE UK: WATER
1. Approximately what proportion of people experience water insecurity around the
world?
2. Does the U.K. have a water surplus or deficit?
3. Which is wettest, the east or west of the U.K.?
4. How is the relationship between water surplus and population density in the
U.K.?
5. What has been developed to transport water from areas of surplus to areas of
deficit in the U.K.?
6. Give an example of a water transfer scheme in the U.K.
7. What has happened to water demand in the U.K.?
8. What is a water footprint?

THE CHANGING DEMAND AND PROVISION OF RESOURCES IN THE UK

CREATE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. AN OVERVIEW OF
RESOURCES IN RELATION TO THE UK: ENERGY
1. What is meant by the term energy mix?
2. Give three examples of energy that contribute towards the UKs energy mix.
3. It was once thought global supplies of fossil fuels were running out. What
developments have led to the discovery of new reserves?
4. Where are there large, barely tapped reserves of fossil fuels?
5. True or false? It is estimated that gas will last another 50 years and coal another
112 years.
6. Where does 40% of the UKs domestic supply of gas come from?
7. Renewable energy accounts for 10% of the UKs energy mix. What is its target for
2020?
8. How is 50% of the UKs renewable energy generated?
9. Identify 2 economic issues associated with the exploitation of energy resources
in the U.K.
10.Identify 2 environmental issues associated with the exploitation of energy
resources in the U.K.

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Energy

DEMAND FOR ENERGY RESOURCES IS RISING GLOBALLY BUT SUPPLY CAN

BE INSECURE, WHICH MAY LEAD TO CONFLICT

1. What is an energy surplus?

2. What is an energy deficit?
3. True or false? There is an even global distribution of energy supply and
consumption.
4. Identify two countries that produce the most oil.
5. Identify two countries with the largest coal reserves.
6. Identify two countries with the largest natural gas reserves.
7. Where does 40% of the UK’s natural gas come from?
8. Identify two countries with the largest uranium reserves.
9. What affects a country’s potential to produce renewable energy?
10.Identify 4 types of renewable energy.
11.What is predicted to happen to energy consumption in the future?
12.Where will the growth in energy consumption be the greatest in the future?
13.Identify 4 reasons for the rise in global energy consumption.
14.Give four factors that affect energy supply.
15.What is meant by the term energy security?
16.What is meant by the term energy insecurity?
17.Give four impacts of energy insecurity.

DIFFERENT STRATEGIES CAN BE USED TO INCREASE WATER SUPPLY

1. Renewable energies offer a way to increase energy supplies. What are the two
main issues associated with developing renewable energy?
2. Identify two types of renewable energy and provide a brief description of what it
involves.
3. The use of non-renewable energy can be made more efficient. Give an example
of this.
4. Identify a case study for the extraction of fossil fuels.
5. Give three advantages of the scheme.
6. Give three disadvantages of the scheme.
7. Identify three solutions to energy insecurity that are more sustainable.

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 8. Select one solution and describe what it involves and explain how it is
sustainable.
9. Identify a case study to managing energy in a low or middle-income country (MIC
& LIC).
10.Give a brief description of the scheme.
11.Identify three successes associated with the scheme.

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Answers

FOOD, WATER AND ENERGY ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO HUMAN

DEVELOPMENT
1. Resources are things that people use. Some are essential for survival while
others are needed to maintain a standard of living.
2. 2000-2500 calories
3. Weight loss, lack of energy and difficult to find work. There are also a range of
health issues that can be caused by not consuming enough calories such as
malnutrition.
4. Weight gain, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, cancer and difficulty getting a
job.
5. 2/3rds
6. Absorb nutrients and get rid of waste.
7. 1.6 to 2 litres per day.
8. Cleaning, growing food, energy production, cleaning, cooling, raw material
production, leisure activities and any other relevant uses.
9. Primary energy includes sources such as fossil fuels or the wind that have been
used to produce electricity.
10.Coal, oil, gas, wind, solar, tidal and nuclear.
11.A secondary energy, such as electricity, is used to heat homes and offices, cook
food and power transport.
12.Electricity.
13.Unequal
14.A country’s wealth and security.
15.When people have enough nutritious and affordable food to eat.
16.Food insecurity is when people go hungry or are malnourished.
17.They import food and subsidise farming.
18.A food surplus is when there is more than enough food to go around.
19.When a country struggles to grow enough to feed people and cannot afford to
subsidise farming or import more food.
20. Oceans, ice caps, glaciers, lakes and reservoirs.
21.Water cycle
22.When an area has more water than it needs.
23.When an area has too little water to meet its needs.
24.Increase in extreme weather events.
25.A drought, increase in evaporation or rapid increase in population.
26.It can lead to flooding.
27.Crops cannot be irrigated, people suffer dehydration and water rationing can
come into effect.
28.High income countries (HICs) and new emerging economies (NEEs)
29.Low income countries (LICs)
30.A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains
of living organisms.
31. When a country consumes more energy that it produces.
32.Energy secure.

THE CHANGING DEMAND AND PROVISION OF RESOURCES IN THE UK

CREATE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. AN OVERVIEW OF
RESOURCES IN RELATION TO THE UK: FOOD
1. Food supply and consumption are not evenly distributed.
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 2. Yes
3. 40%
4. People want to consume food out of season.
5. Food produced without using any chemicals such as pesticides and fertilisers.
6. More people want to eat food that hasn’t been sprayed with chemicals.
7. They drop. However, they then recover.
8. Because it can lead to greater use land area.

THE CHANGING DEMAND AND PROVISION OF RESOURCES IN THE UK

CREATE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. AN OVERVIEW OF
RESOURCES IN RELATION TO THE UK: WATER
1. 80%
2. Water surplus, although there are variations in the supply and demand for water
across the UK.
3. West
4. Water surplus is greatest in the west of the country in north wales and the north
west of the country. Water demand is greatest in the south east of England.
5. Large scale water transfer schemes.
6. Kielder reservoir and the River Tees and Tyne in England. Also, the River Severn.
Any other relevant water transfer scheme allowed.
7. It has increased as more people wash cars, take longer showers and water their
gardens.
8. A water footprint is a is a measure of the total water used both within the UK and
in other countries through imported products.

THE CHANGING DEMAND AND PROVISION OF RESOURCES IN THE UK

CREATE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES. AN OVERVIEW OF
RESOURCES IN RELATION TO THE UK: ENERGY
1. It is the mixture of primary energy sources.
2. Gas, coal, oil, solar, wind, tidal, HEP and nuclear.
3. Developments in new technology.
4. South America, Africa and the Artic.
5. True
6. The North Sea
7. 15%
8. Wind
9. It is expensive to generate electricity, maintenance and running costs, repairing
damage to structures and disposing of waste (and any other appropriate
answers).
10.CO2 emissions, waste products such as ash, high levels of radiation, visual
pollution and the impact on marine ecosystems by tidal power and HEP dams.

Energy

DEMAND FOR ENERGY RESOURCES IS RISING GLOBALLY BUT SUPPLY CAN

BE INSECURE, WHICH MAY LEAD TO CONFLICT

1. An energy surplus is when an area can produce more energy than it needs and
therefore can sell it to other areas.
2. When a country does not have enough energy to meet its needs.
3. False

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 4. Saudi Arabia, Russia and the USA
5. USA, Russia and China
6. Russia, Iran and Qatar
7. The North Sea
8. Australia, Kazakhstan and Russia
9. What affects a country’s potential to produce renewable energy?
10.Wind, solar, tidal, wave power, HEP and geothermal power.
11.It will increase. Estimates suggest this could be 56% by 2040.
12.It will largely take place in developing countries (LICs / NEEs).
13.Economic development, population growth, development of technology and
affluence (increase in the standard of living).
14.Physical factors such as the right geology for fossil fuels, cost of exploitation and
production, technology, political factors such as war and corruption.
15.Consumers have access to the energy they need as a price that avoids volatility.
16.Energy insecurity is when consumers do not have access to the energy they
need or are priced out of an energy supply.
17.Damage to environmentally sensitive areas, environmental coasts such as the
release of greenhouse gases, loss of habitats, noise and visual pollution, use of
valuable farm land, conflict and lower industrial output.

DIFFERENT STRATEGIES CAN BE USED TO INCREASE WATER SUPPLY

1. They are expensive and/or less efficient at producing energy than fossil fuels.
2. Identify two types of renewable energy and provide a brief description of what it
involves.
3. Biomass, HEP, Wave and tidal power, geothermal power, solar power and wind
power.

Biomass - This involves burning material derived from living things. Burning the
material produces electricity.

HEP – Water is trapped in a reservoir behind a dam. As it flows through the dam
it turns a turbine generating electricity.

Wave and tidal power involve generating energy from the sea. A turbine is
turned as water flows through it, generating electricity.

Geothermal energy involves uses heat within the Earth to generate electricity.

Solar Power – this involves using solar panels installed on buildings or in fields
that turn sunlight into electricity.
Wind power – wind turbines convert the movement of air into electricity.
4. Answers could include coal mining in the Northumberland. Any other appropriate
case study should be accepted.
5. Advantages could include the creation of jobs and the associated benefits for the
local community, tourism opportunities when the scheme opens/closes, use of
resources within the country reducing pollution in the transportation of fossil
fuels.
6. Answers could include the impact on the environment, congestion, increase in
carbon emissions, health problems associated with the extraction of the fossil
fuel.
7. Carbon footprints, energy conservation and better technology.
8.

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 Carbon footprint – using less energy to reduce carbon footprint. This could also
include using more public transport, waking or cycling. Also buying locally
produced food will reduce food miles.

Energy conservation – using energy-saving measures such as wall and loft

insulation, smart meters and turning heating down. Also, local councils could
promote energy conservation by creating cycle lands and introducing congestion
charges.

Better technology – Using more energy efficient appliances, switch to electric

vehicles and increasing vehicle excise duty for cars that are heavy polluters.

9. An example is Centrosolar panels in Kenya. Other, appropriate examples should

be accepted.
10.The description will give an outline of the problems faced along with the steps
taken to solve them.
11.Successes could include benefits for local people and schools, surplus energy
being sold for profit, a model for rolling it out to other places or on a larger,
national scale. It is an example of appropriate technology.

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