UNIT 1

Single-Phase Transformer

1-1
 EXERCISE 1-1
Polarity and Turns Ratio Tests

OBJECTIVE

After completing this exercise, you should be able to demonstrate the polarity or the turns
ratio tests of a single-phase transformer.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

Qty Description Cat. No.

1 Three-phase Power Supply Module EM-3310-1B
1 Three-pole Current Limit Protection Switch Module EM-3310-2A
3 Digital ACV Meter EM-3310-3D
1 Fuse Set EM-3310-5B
1 Single-phase Transformer EM-3340-1A
1 Laboratory Table EM-3380-1A
1 Experimental Frame EM-3380-2B
or Experimental Frame EM-3380-2A
1 Connecting Leads Holder EM-3390-1A
1 Connecting Leads Set EM-3390-3A
1 Safety Bridging Plugs Set EM-3390-4A

1-2
Fig. 1-1-1 Circuit diagram for polarity and turns ratio tests

1-3
Fig. 1-1-2 Connection diagram for turns ratio test

1-4
PROCEDURE

CAUTION: High voltages are present in this laboratory exercise! Do not make
or modify any connections with the power on unless otherwise specified! If any
danger occurs, immediately press the red EMERGENCY OFF button on the
Three-phase Power Supply Module.

1. Install the required Modules in the Experimental Frame. Construct the circuit in
accordance with the circuit in Fig. 1-1-1 and the connection diagram in Fig. 1-1-2.

2. Sequentially turn on the 3-P Current Limit Protection Switch and Three-phase Power
Supply Modules.

3. Record the voltages of primary voltage V1, primary-secondary voltage V2, and
secondary voltage V3 displayed by the Digital ACV Meters in Table 1-1-1.

Table 1-1-1 Measured winding voltages

V1 V2 V3

4. Sequentially turn off the Three-phase Power Supply and 3-P Current Limit Protection
Switch Modules.

5. Determine the polarity of these two windings of the transformer.

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

6. Calculate the turns ratio of the transformer by using the equation:

Turns Ratio = V1 / V3 = ________________________________

1-5
 EXERCISE 1-2
Open-Circuit Test

OBJECTIVE

After completing this exercise, you should be able to demonstrate the open-circuit test and
determine the iron loss of a single-phase transformer.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

Qty Description Cat. No.

1 Three-phase Power Supply Module EM-3310-1B
1 3 AC/DC Power Supply EM-3310-1D
1 Three-pole Current Limit Protection Switch Module EM-3310-2A
1 Digital ACA Meter EM-3310-3C
1 Digital ACV Meter EM-3310-3D
1 Fuse Set EM-3310-5B
1 Single-phase Transformer EM-3340-1A
1 Laboratory Table EM-3380-1A
1 Experimental Frame EM-3380-2B
or Experimental Frame EM-3380-2A
1 Connecting Leads Holder EM-3390-1A
1 Connecting Leads Set EM-3390-3A
1 Safety Bridging Plugs Set EM-3390-4A

1-6
Fig. 1-2-1 Circuit diagram for open-circuit test

1-7
Fig. 1-2-2 Connection diagram for open-circuit test

1-8
PROCEDURE

CAUTION: High voltages are present in this laboratory exercise! Do not make
or modify any connections with the power on unless otherwise specified! If any
danger occurs, immediately press the red EMERGENCY OFF button on the
Three-phase Power Supply Module.

1. Place the 3 AC/DC Power Supply on the Laboratory Table. Install the required
Modules in the Experimental Frame.

2. Construct the circuit in accordance with the circuit diagram in Fig. 1-2-1 and the
connection diagram in Fig. 1-2-2. On the 3 AC/DC Power Supply, set the voltage
control knob to the 0 position.

3. Sequentially turn on the 3-P Current Limit Protection Switch and Three-phase Power
Supply Modules.

4. Turn on the 3 AC/DC Power Supply. Slowly turn the voltage control knob clockwise
so that the primary voltage V1 is equal to 24 Vac.

5. Record the values of winding voltage V1 (obtained from the Digital ACV Meter) and
winding current I1 (obtained from the Digital ACA Meter) in Table 1-2-1.

Table 1-2-1 Measured voltage and current values

V1 I1

6. Sequentially turn off the 3 AC/DC Power Supply, Three-phase Power Supply, and
3-P Current Limit Protection Switch Modules.

7. Calculate iron loss by using the equation:

Iron Loss = 0.4 x V1 x I1 = __________________________________

1-9
 EXERCISE 1-3
Short-Circuit Test

OBJECTIVE

After completing this exercise, you should be able to demonstrate the short-circuit
test and determine the copper loss of a single-phase transformer.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

Qty Description Cat. No.

1 Three-phase Power Supply Module EM-3310-1B
1 3 AC/DC Power Supply EM-3310-1D
1 Three-pole Current Limit Protection Switch Module EM-3310-2A
2 Digital ACA Meter EM-3310-3C
1 Digital ACV Meter EM-3310-3D
1 Fuse Set EM-3310-5B
1 Single-phase Transformer EM-3340-1A
1 Laboratory Table EM-3380-1A
1 Experimental Frame EM-3380-2B
or Experimental Frame EM-3380-2A
1 Connecting Leads Holder EM-3390-1A
1 Connecting Leads Set EM-3390-3A
1 Safety Bridging Plugs Set EM-3390-4A

1-10
Fig. 1-3-1 Circuit diagram for short-circuit test

1-11
Fig. 1-3-2 Connection diagram for short-circuit test

1-12
PROCEDURE

CAUTION: High voltages are present in this laboratory exercise! Do not make
or modify any connections with the power on unless otherwise specified! If any
danger occurs, immediately press the red EMERGENCY OFF button on the
Three-phase Power Supply Module.

1. Place the 3 AC/DC Power Supply on the Laboratory Table. Install the required
Modules in the Experimental Frame.

2. Construct the circuit in accordance with the circuit diagram in Fig. 1-3-1 and the
connection diagram in Fig. 1-3-2. On the 3 AC/DC Power Supply, set the voltage
control knob to the 0 position.

3. Sequentially turn on the 3-P Current Limit Protection Switch and Three-phase Power
Supply Modules.

4. Turn on the 3 AC/DC Power Supply. Slowly turn the voltage control knob clockwise
so that the secondary current I2 is equal to the rated current of 5 A.

5. Record the values of primary voltage V1, primary current I1, and secondary current I2 in
Table 1-3-1.

Table 1-3-1 Measured voltage and current values

V1 I1 I2

6. Sequentially turn off the 3 AC/DC Power Supply, Three-phase Power Supply, and
3-P Current Limit Protection Switch Modules.

7. Calculate copper loss by using the equation:

Copper Loss = V1 x I1 = ____________________________

1-13