ANIMAL

CLASSIFICATION
Subject: Zoology
Teacher: Ms. Kimberly Laze M. Niez, LPT
Taxonomy
• The science of classification

• Classification is important in biology because it

allows scientists to be able to distinguish between
different organisms (Species level)

• It also allows similar organisms to be grouped

together and helps us to look at how they might
have evolved (Kingdom-Genus)
HIERARCHICHAL CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISM

Animals are classified according to their genetical

and physical characteristic.
DOMAIN
KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
GENUS
SCIENTIFIC NAME
SPECIES
TAXONOMIC SYSTEM

 The for evolving taxonomic systems

was proposed by ARISTOTLE.

 He emphasize that animal can be

classified according to their way of
living, actions, and body parts.

 Due to his contribution, he became

the FATHER OF BIOLOGICAL
CLASSIFICATION.
TAXONOMIC SYSTEM

 He
Foralso classified
modern animals
taxonomy, thebased
first on
gills,
worklungs, claws,out
was carried teeth, and other
by JOHN RAY
structure.
of England.

 He
His provide the first good
most systematic workdefinition
“Synopsis
of the species
Methodica as “a reproducing
Animalium
unit”
Quadrupedum et Serpentini
Generis”

 He divided animals with blood and

those without blood
• Aristotle developed the first classification system,
which divided all known organisms into two
groups: Plants and Animals. His classification was
based on the locomotion ability of organisms.
TAXONOMIC SYSTEM

 Carolus Linnaeus (Caroli Linnaei) is

the FATHER OF TAXONOMY

 He followed the four categories

namely class, order, genus, species
for animals.

 His greatest contribution to

taxonomy was the use of binomial
nomenclature for all species of
plants and animals.
TAXONOMIC SYSTEM

 Jean-Baptiste Lamarck made the

first attempt to improve Linnaen
system.

 He arranged animals according to

evolution.

 He displayed the group of animals

in the form of a branching tree.
TAXONOMIC SYSTEM

PHYLOGENIC SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION TO TAXA AND
SPECIES

TAXONOMY

Comes from a Greek word taxis which means

arrangement and nomos means law.

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CLASSIFYING

ORGANISMS
INTRODUCTION TO TAXA AND
SPECIES

SYSTEMATICS

Originate from the Greek word systema which

means “placing together”

CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS IN ACCORDANCE

WITH THEIR NATURAL RELATIONSHIP.
INTRODUCTION TO TAXA AND
SPECIES

CLASSIFICATION

It partly overlap the idea of taxonomy,

however it simply means the activity of
classifying
TAXON

A taxon is a taxonomic group of any rank that

is sufficiently distinct to the worthy of being
assigned to a definite category.
DOMAIN
Plural Word: Taxa
KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
GENUS
SPECIE
DOMAIN

Is the highest taxonomic rank in the

hierarchical biological classification system.

EUKARYA Multicellular organism

BACTERIA Single cellular organism

ARCHAEA Single cellular organism that can

survive in extreme environment
KINGDOM

It is the second to the highest rank in the

taxonomy.

ANIMALIA
KINGDOM

It is the second to the highest rank in the

taxonomy.

PLANTAE
Kingdom Plantae includes all the plants. They are
eukaryotic, multicellular and autotrophic organisms. The
plant cell contains a rigid cell wall. Plants have chloroplast
and chlorophyll pigment, which is required for
photosynthesis.
KINGDOM

It is the second to the highest rank in the

taxonomy.

ARCHAEABACTERIA
Archaebacteria is a kingdom under the domain Archaea.
Archaebacteria are asexual, unicellular prokaryotes that live
in extreme environments and are different from organisms in
the domains Bacteria and Eukarya.
KINGDOM

It is the second to the highest rank in the

taxonomy.

EUBACTERIA
Eubacteria are the most commonly found organisms in the
world. They are also known as true bacteria, and are present
on almost all surfaces. They are prokaryotic cells, and hence
do not have a nucleus. The eubacteria kingdom is one of the
six kingdoms in which the entire living world is classified.
Archaebacteria were initially lumped together with bacteria until scientists realized they were
distinct from kingdom Monera. Archaebacteria are different because they are adapted for
extreme habitats, have unique RNAs, are nearly impossible to culture in a petri dish, and have
different cell walls than bacteria. The kingdom Archaebacteria then became the sixth kingdom.
KINGDOM

It is the second to the highest rank in the

taxonomy.

PROTIST
Kingdom Protista contains the protists, or all the organisms that do not
fit into the other kingdoms of life. Protists can be heterotrophic or
autotrophic, mobile or immobile, single-celled or multi-celled, solo or a
member of a colony.
KINGDOM

It is the second to the highest rank in the

taxonomy.

FUNGI
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms such as
yeasts, moulds and mushrooms. These organisms are classified under
kingdom fungi.
The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall and are
omnipresent. They are classified as heterotrophs among the living
organisms.
PHYLUM

This is the characteristic constituting the

animal kingdom.
Characteristics Phylum
Single-celled animal Protozoa
Pore bearer Porifera
Common body cavity and digestive Coelenterata
cavity
Flatworms Platyhelminthes
Thread-like worms Nematoda
Metamerically segmented animals Annelida
Having jointed legs Arthropods
PHYLUM

This is the characteristic constituting the

animal kingdom.
Characteristics Phylum

Soft bodied Mollusca

Spiny skinned Echinodermata

Having notochord Chordata

PHYLUM

PROTOZOA

AMOEBA

PORIFERA

SEA SPONGE
PHYLUM

COELENTERATA

JELLYFISH

PLATYHELMINTHES

EARTHWORM
PHYLUM

ARTHROPODS

SPIDER

MOLLUSCA

OCTOPUS
PHYLUM

ECHINODERMATA

SEA URCHIN

CHORDATA

HUMAN
CLASS

the taxonomic rank in the scientific

classification of organisms in biology below
phylum and above order.
Characteristics Class

Root-like pseudopodia Rhizopoda

Having cilia Ciliata

Having flagellum Flagellata

Producing spores Sporozoa

ORDER

a taxonomic rank used in the classification of

organisms and recognized by the
nomenclature codes.
ORDER CHARACTER EXAMPLE

Aptera No wings lepisma

Coleoptera Horny wings Beetles

Lepidoptera Scaly wings Butterfly

Diptera Two winged Mosquito

Hymenoptera Membranous wing Wasps

Family to Genus to Species

SPECIES