Dyeing Technology - II Course Code: 4342803

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY (GTU)

Competency-focused Outcome-based Green Curriculum-2021 (COGC-2021)

Semester - IV

Course Title: Dyeing Technology – II

(Course Code: 4342803)

Diploma program in which this course is offered Semester in which offered

Textile Processing Technology 4th Semester

1. RATIONALE
The polytechnic graduates are required to supervise operations of fiber, yarn and fabric and
their dyeing and printing processes in industry. They should have basic knowledge and skills to
handle dyeing and printing processes. This course provides the knowledge regarding basic
dyeing technology of synthetic fibre-fabrics. It also provides the clear concept of physical and
chemical properties of various dyes and auxiliaries related to the dyeing of synthetic fiber fabrics
and newly invented dyes to enable them to apply according to their characteristic.

2. COMPETENCY
The course content should be taught and implemented with the aim to develop
different types of skills leading to the achievement of the following competency,

● Use relevant dyes, chemicals, dyeing equipment for synthetic fibres and fabrics.

3. COURSE OUTCOMES (COs)

The practical exercises, the underpinning knowledge and the relevant soft skills
associated with the identified competency are to be developed in the student for the
achievement of the following COs:
a) Select dyeing auxiliaries and machineries with the concepts of dyeing technology.
b) Use relevant dyeing method for dyeing of polyamide textiles.
c) Use relevant dyeing method for dyeing of polyester textiles.
d) Use relevant dyeing method for dyeing of acrylic textiles.
e) Use relevant dyeing method for dyeing of various blends and knitted textiles.

4. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME

Teaching Scheme Total Credits Examination Scheme

(In Hours) (L+T+P/2) Theory Marks Practical Marks Total
L T P C CA ESE CA ESE Marks
3 0 2 4 30* 70 25 25 150
(*): Out of 30 marks under the theory CA, 10 marks are for assessment of the micro-project
to facilitate integration of Cos and the remaining 20 marks is the average of 2 tests to be

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Dyeing Technology - II Course Code: 4342803

taken during the semester for the assessing the attainment of the cognitive domain Uos
required for the attainment of the Cos.
Legends: L-Lecture; T – Tutorial/Teacher Guided Theory Practice; P – Practical; C – Credit, CA
– Continuous Assessment; ESE – End Semester Examination.

5. SUGGESTED PRACTICAL EXERCISES

The following practical outcomes (PrOs) are the sub-components of the Cos. Some of the
PrOs marked ‘*’ (in pprox.. Hrs column) are compulsory, as they are crucial for that particular
CO at the ‘Precision Level’ of Dave’s Taxonomy related to ‘Psychomotor Domain’.

S. Unit Approx. Hrs.

Practical Outcomes (PrOs)
No. No. Require
1 Draw Laboratory HTHP dyeing machine I 02
2 Dye nylon with acid dye II 02
3 Dye nylon with metal complex dye II 02
4 Dye nylon with reactive dye II 02
5 Dye nylon with disperse dye II 02
6 Dye combination shade on nylon with acid dye II 02
7 Strip acid dye from dyed nylon fabric II 02
8 Dye polyester with disperse dye by exhaust method at boil III 02
Dye polyester with disperse dye by exhaust method at boil with III 02
9
carrier
10 Dye polyester with disperse dye by HTHP method III 02
11 Dye polyester with disperse dye by thermosol method III 02
Dye combination shade on polyester with disperse dye by HTHP III 02
12
method
13 Visual matching of shades on polyester material III 02
14 Strip disperse dye from dyed polyester fabric III 02
15 Dye cationic dyeable polyester with cationic dye III 02
16 Dye cationic dyeable polyester with disperse dye III 02
Dye combination shade on cationic dyeable polyester with III 02
17
cationic dye
18 Dye polyester micro fibre with disperse dye III 02
19 Strip cationic dye from dyed CDPET fabric III 02
20 Dye acrylic fabric with cationic dyes IV 02
21 Dye acrylic fabric with disperse dyes IV 02
22 Strip cationic dye from dyed acrylic fabric IV 02
23 Dye combination shade on acrylic fabric with cationic dyes IV 02
24 Dye polyester/cotton blend with disperse/reactive system V 02
25 Dye polyester/cotton blend with disperse/vat system V 02
26 Dye polyester/viscose rayon blend with disperse/reactive system V 02
27 Dye polyester/viscose rayon blend with disperse/vat system V 02
28 Visual matching of shades on blend material V 02
Total Hours 56

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Note
i. More Practical Exercises can be designed and offered by the respective course teacher to
develop the industry relevant skills/outcomes to match the Cos. The above table is only a
suggestive list.
ii. The following are some sample ‘Process’ and ‘Product’ related skills (more may be
added/deleted depending on the course) that occur in the above listed Practical Exercises
of this course required which are embedded in the Cos and ultimately the competency.

S. No. Sample Performance Indicators for the PrOs Weightage in %

1 Prepare experimental set-up. 20
2 Performing the experiment. 20
3 Follow safe practices. 10
4 Record observations correctly. 20
5 Interpret the result and conclude. 20
6 Submission of report in time 10
Total 100

6. MAJOR EQUIPMENT/ INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED

This major equipment with broad specifications for the PrOs is a guide to procure them by
th4e administrators to usher in uniformity of practicals in all institutions across the state.

S.
Equipment Name with Broad Specifications PrO. No.
No.
1 Dye Pots: 250 ml, 500 ml 2-28
2 Glass rod / Steel rod 2-28
3 Beaker: 100 ml, 250 ml, 500 ml 2-28
4 Measuring Cylinder of capacity 10 ml, 25 ml, 100 ml 2-28
5 Water Heating Bath 2, 4-14, 16-23
6 Electric Iron: 230V, 1000W 2-28
7 HTHP Dyeing Machine 2,10,12,24-27
Laboratory Drying, Curing and Setting Chamber: Temperature upto 220°C,
8 working width - 450mm, length 1.7 meter, heater capacity - 8/16/24 kilo- 2-28
watt
9 Laboratory Padding Mangle: Horizontal 11
10 Digital weighing balance: 0.02 gm accuracy (100 gm) 2-28

7. AFFECTIVE DOMAIN OUTCOMES

The following sample Affective Domain Outcomes (ADOs) are embedded in many of the
above mentioned Cos and PrOs. More could be added to fulfil the development of this
competency.
a) Work as a leader/a team member.
b) Practice good housekeeping
c) Maintain tools and equipment.
d) Follow ethical practices.

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The ADOs are best developed through the laboratory/field based exercises. Moreover, the
level of achievement of the ADOs according to Krathwohl’s ‘Affective Domain Taxonomy’
should gradually increase as planned below:
i. ‘Valuing Level’ in 1st year
ii. ‘Organization Level’ in 2nd year.
iii. ‘Characterization Level’ in 3rd year.

8. UNDERPINNING THEORY
The major underpinning theory is given below based on the higher level Uos of Revised
Bloom’s taxonomy that are formulated for development of the Cos and competency. If
required, more such higher level Uos could be included by the course teacher
to focus on attainment of Cos and competency.

Unit Unit Outcomes Topics and Sub-topics

Unit – I 1a. Explain properties of 1.1 Acid dyes, direct dyes, reactive dyes, metal
different dyes used for complex dyes, chrome dyes and disperse dyes
Textile dyeing of synthetic etc. for dyeing of synthetic textiles
Dyeing and textiles and their 1.1.1 Properties
Machineries classification. 1.1.2 Classification
1b. Describe with sketch 1.2 Principle, construction and Working
the procedure to Mechanism of Dyeing Machines:
operate the given dyeing 1.2.1 Jet Dyeing Machines (U-Tube, Long Tube &
machine. Soft Flow Dyeing Machines)
1c. Enlist various faults 1.2.2 Beam Dyeing Machine
obtained in dyeing 1.2.3 Merits and Demerits of above dyeing
machines and suggest machineries.
their remedies. 1.3 Faults and their remedies for above dyeing
machines.
Unit – II 2a. Describe the 2.1 Dyeing of Polyamide with Acid Dyes and
mechanism & procedure metal complex dyes
Dyeing of for dyeing of polyamide 2.1.1 Mechanism
Polyamide textiles with acid dyes 2.1.2 Application
Textiles and metal complex dyes 2.1.3 Parameters affecting dyeing
with affecting 2.1.4 Role of auxiliaries used in dyeing
parameters. 2.2 Dyeing of polyamide with direct dyes,
2b. Describe the dyeing reactive dyes, chrome dyes and disperse dyes
procedure for polyamide 2.3. After treatments:
dyeing with 2.3.1 Washing
miscellaneous dyes. 2.3.2 Soaping
2c. Describe the after- 2.3.3 Stripping
treatment for the dyed 2.4 Faults obtained in dyeing and their remedies
fabric.
2d Identify problems
with remedies for the
given dyed fabric.

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Unit – III 3a. Describe the 3.1. Dyeing of Polyester with Disperse dyes
mechanism for dyeing of 3.1.1 Mechanism
Dyeing of polyester textiles with 3.1.2 Application
Polyester disperse with affecting 3.1.3 Parameters affecting dyeing
Textiles parameters. 3.1.4 Role of auxiliaries used in dyeing
3b. Describe different 3.2 Application methods:
dyeing methods for 3.2.1 Exhaust Dyeing without Carrier
polyester dyeing with 3.2.2 Exhaust Dyeing with Carrier
disperse dyes. 3.2.3 HTHP Dyeing
3c. Describe the after- 3.2.4 Thermo-fixation
treatment for the dyed 3.3. After treatments:
fabric. 3.3.1 Reduction Clearing Treatment
3d. Identify problems 3.3.2 Stripping
with remedies for the 3.4 Faults obtained in dyeing and their remedies
given dyed fabric. 3.5 Difference between regular polyester and
3e. Describe dyeing of micro denier polyester and CDPET and their
micro denier polyester dyeing procedures with necessary precautions
and CDPET
Unit – IV 4a. Describe the 4.1 Dyeing of Acrylic with Cationic dyes
mechanism for dyeing of 4.1.1 Mechanism
Dyeing of acrylic textiles with 4.1.2 Application
Acrylic cationic dyes with 4.1.3 Parameters affecting dyeing
Textiles affecting parameters. 4.1.4 Role of auxiliaries used in dyeing
4b. Describe the 4.2 Application of disperse dyes on Acrylic
principle for dyeing of 4.3 After treatments:
acrylic textiles with 4.3.1 Washing & Soaping
disperse dyes. 4.3.2 Stripping
4c. Describe the after-
treatment for the dyed
fabric.
Unit– V 5a. Concept of blending 5.1 Blending of Textile Fibres
various fibres and their 5.1.1 Necessity and advantages of Blending
Dyeing of dyeing. various textile fibres
Various 5b. Describe various 5.1.2 Blending of natural and synthetic textile
Blends and dyeing methods for fibres.
knitted cellulosic fibres and its 5.1.3 Definition: Cross-dyeing, Solid shade,
Textiles blend with synthetic Contrast shade, Two-tone Effect, Reserve
fibres with necessary Dyeing.
precautions. 5.2 Dyeing of Polyester/Cotton and
5c. Describe dyeing of Polyester/Viscose Rayon Blends
other blends. 5.2.1 Different dyes used for dyeing of P/C &
5d. Describe dyeing of P/V Blend.
various knitted textiles 5.2.2 Single phase & Two phase dyeing of P/C &
with necessary P/V Blend with flow charts
precautions. 5.2.3 Batch/Semi-continuous/Continuous
dyeing of P/C & P/V Blend.
5.3 Dyeing of Polyester/Wool, Polyester/CDPET

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and Polyester/Lycra Blends.

5.4 Dyeing of knitted textiles
5.4.1 Difference between dyeing of woven and
knitted fabrics
5.4.2 Process flow chart for dyeing
5.4.3 Dyeing machines for knitted fabrics

9. SUGGESTED SPECIFICATION TABLE FOR QUESTION PAPER DESIGN

Unit Unit Title Teaching

Distribution of Theory Marks
No. Hours R U A Total
Level Level Level Marks
I Textile Dyeing 10 06 04 04 14
II Dyeing of Polyamide Textiles 8 02 04 06 12
III Dyeing of Polyester Textiles 10 04 06 08 18
IV Dyeing of Acrylic Textiles 4 02 04 04 10
V Dyeing of Various Blends 10 04 06 06 16
Total 42 18 24 28 70
Legends: R=Remember, U=Understand, A=Apply and above (Revised Bloom’s taxonomy)

Note: This specification table provides general guidelines to assist student for their learning
and to teachers to teach and question paper designers/setters to formulate test
items/questions assess the attainment of the Uos. The actual distribution of marks at
different taxonomy levels (of R, U and A) in the question paper may vary slightly from above
table.

10. SUGGESTED STUDENT ACTIVITIES

Other than the classroom and laboratory learning, following are the suggested student-
related co-curricular activities which can be undertaken to accelerate the attainment of the
various outcomes in this course: Students should conduct following activities in group and
prepare reports of about 5 pages for each activity, also collect/record physical evidences for
their (student’s) portfolio which will be useful for their placement interviews:

 Literature survey of Dyeing Processes for Various Textile Fabrics.

 Collection and Study of various dyed samples for different textile.
 Visit to textile industries to study different dyeing process using on various
machineries and prepare reports.
 Group discussion on recent developments in dyeing processes.
 Collection of data of various dyeing processes & Power point Presentation.
 Seminar/Quiz/Presentation on recent developments on dyeing of synthetic textiles.

11. SUGGESTED SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES (if any)

These are sample strategies, which the teacher can use to accelerate the attainment of the
various outcomes in this course:
a) Massive open online courses (MOOCs) may be used to teach various topics/sub
topics.
b) Guide student(s) in undertaking micro-projects.

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c) ‘L’ in section No. 4 means different types of teaching methods that are to be
employed by teachers to develop the outcomes.
d) About 20% of the topics/sub-topics which are relatively simpler or descriptive in
nature is to be given to the students for self-learning, but to be assessed using
different assessment methods.
e) With respect to section No.10, teachers need to ensure to create opportunities and
provisions for co-curricular activities.
f) Encourage students to refer different websites for having a deeper understanding of
the subject.
g) Assign unit wise assignment to group of 4 to 5 students.
h) Use of video, animations, to explain concepts, facts and application related to
printing.

12. SUGGESTED MICRO-PROJECTS

Only one micro-project is planned to be undertaken by a student that needs to be assigned
to him/her in the beginning of the semester. In the first four semesters, the micro-project is
group-based (group of 3 to 5). However, in the fifth and sixth semesters, the number of
students in the group should not exceed three.

The micro-project could be industry application based, internet-based, workshop-based,

laboratory-based or field-based. Each micro-project should encompass two or more Cos
which are in fact, an integration of PrOs, Uos and ADOs. Each student will have to maintain
dated work diary consisting of individual contribution in the project work and give a seminar
presentation of it before submission. The duration of the micro-project should be about 14-
16 (fourteen to sixteen) student engagement hours during the course. The students ought
to submit micro-project by the end of the semester to develop the industry-oriented Cos.

A suggestive list of micro-projects is given here. This has to match the competency and the
Cos. Similar micro-projects could be added by the concerned course teacher:
a) Data sheet: Prepare a data sheet for various dyeing processes with recipes and dyeing
conditions.
b) Dyeing survey: Collect the data of various dyeing processes applying industrial survey and
internet search.
c) Dyeing sample collection: Visit Textile Industries / Market shops and collect dyed sample of
different types of textiles.
d) Dyeing machines: Prepare a short video of different dyeing machines by visiting industries.
e) Cost of dyeing: Calculate the cost of dyeing with respect to price of dye and chemicals of any
two dyeing methods for polyester.
f) Shade matching: Collect dyed samples from dye house. Using any class of dye match the
shade in laboratory. Present the same with recipe.
g) Dyeing parameters: Choose any one dyeing process, and change any one dyeing parameter
for dyeing process. Prepare a sample report with observations.
h) Dyeing faults: Visit industries and collect sample of faulty dyeing and find remedies to rectify
the same. Present report.
i) Sample book: Prepare a sample book of dyes samples of polyester, nylon and blends with
various dyes.

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Dyeing Technology - II Course Code: 4342803

13. SUGGESTED LEARNING RESOURCES

S. Author Publication with place, year

Title of Book
No. and ISBN
1 Chemistry of Dyes and Principles Dr. V. A. Shenai Sevak Publication
of Dyeing (VOLUME-II)
2 Technology of Dyeing Dr. V. A. Shenai Sevak Publication
(VOLUME-VI)
3 Dyeing of Wool, Silk and Man- R. S. Prayag Shree J. Printers, Pune
Made Fibres
4 Dyeing and Chemical Technology E. R. Trotmann Hodder Arnold, London
of Textile fibre
5 Chemical Processing of Cotton and J. R. Modi & The Textile Association (India),
Polyester-Cotton Blends A. R. Garde Ahmedabad Unit, Ahmedabad
6 Handbook of Textile Processing R. S. Bhagwat Colour Publication PVT.
Machinery LTD., Mumbai

14. SOFTWARE/LEARNING WEBSITES

a) https://nptel.ac.in
b) www.youtube.com
c) www.fibre2fashinon.com
d) www.textilelearner.net
e) www.textiletutorials.com
f) www.textilefashionstudy.com
g) www.textileschool.com
h) www.textileguide.chemsec.com
i) www.textileassociationindia.org
j) https://textilechemrose.blogspot.com

15. PO-COMPETENCY-CO MAPPING

Semester IV Dyeing Technology – II – 4342803

Pos
PO 1 PO 2 PO 3 PO 4 PO 5 PO 6 PO 7
Competency Basic & Problem Design/ Engineering Engineering Project Life-long
& Course Discipline Analysis development Tools, practices for Management learning
Outcomes specific of solutions Experimentation society,
knowledge &Testing sustainability
&
environment
Competency Use knowledge and skills for identification and removal of impurities
and improving quality of Cellulosic, Natural protein and Synthetic
textiles for further processing operations.
Course Outcomes
CO a) Select dyes, 3 2 -- 2 -- -- 3
auxiliaries

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and
machineries
with the
concepts of
dyeing
technology.
CO b) Use
relevant
dyeing
method for 3 3 2 3 -- 2 3
dyeing of
polyamide
textiles.
CO c) Use relevant
dyeing
method for
3 3 2 3 -- 2 3
dyeing of
polyester
textiles.
CO d) Use
relevant
dyeing
3 3 2 3 -- 2 3
method for
dyeing of
acrylic textiles.
CO e) Select dyes,
auxiliaries and
Use relevant
dyeing
method for 3 3 2 3 -- 2 3
dyeing of
various blends
and knitted
textiles.
Legend: ‘3’ for high, ‘2’ for medium, ‘1’ for low and ‘-’ for no correlation of each CO with PO.

16. COURSE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE

GTU Resource Persons

S. Name and
Institute Contact No. Email
No. Designation
Dr. S. & S. S.
Mr. P. D.
Ghandhy College
1) Panwala 7228864435 [email protected]
of Engineering &
Lecturer
Technology, Surat
Dr. S. & S. S.
Mr. R. M.
Ghandhy College
2) Pandya 9428409925 [email protected]
of Engineering &
Lecturer
Technology, Surat
Mrs. R. D. R. C. Technical
3) Pachauri Institute, Sola, 9624106881 [email protected]
Lecturer Ahmedabad

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