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Mathematical Modelling

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Kittu Kishor Pujhari
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91 views

Mathematical Modelling

Uploaded by

Kittu Kishor Pujhari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Absolutely!

Let's embark on a journey to explore the fascinating world of


mathematical modeling.

What is Mathematical Modeling?

Mathematical modeling is the art of representing real-world phenomena using


mathematical equations, formulas, or algorithms. It involves simplifying complex
systems, identifying key variables, and establishing relationships between them to
gain insights, make predictions, or optimize processes.

The Modeling Process:

1. Problem Identification: Clearly define the real-world problem you want to address. What are
the key questions you want to answer?
2. Assumption Formulation: Simplify the problem by making reasonable assumptions. Which
factors are most important, and which can be ignored?
3. Variable Selection: Identify the relevant variables that influence the system's behavior.
These could be quantities, rates, or other measurable aspects.
4. Model Formulation: Develop mathematical equations or relationships that connect the
variables. This could involve differential equations, algebraic equations, or statistical models.
5. Model Calibration: Use real-world data to estimate the model's parameters. This ensures the
model accurately reflects the observed behavior.
6. Model Validation: Test the model's predictions against independent data to assess its
accuracy and reliability.
7. Model Simulation: Use the model to explore different scenarios and predict future
outcomes.
8. Model Interpretation and Communication: Translate the model's results into meaningful
insights that can inform decision-making.

Types of Mathematical Models:

 Mechanistic Models: Based on physical laws and principles, they describe the underlying
mechanisms of a system.
 Empirical Models: Derived from observed data, they capture patterns and relationships
without necessarily explaining the underlying causes.
 Stochastic Models: Incorporate randomness and uncertainty, reflecting the probabilistic
nature of many real-world phenomena.
 Deterministic Models: Assume that outcomes are fully determined by initial conditions and
known parameters.
 Discrete Models: Deal with quantities that change in discrete steps (e.g., the number of
individuals in a population).
 Continuous Models: Deal with quantities that change smoothly and continuously (e.g.,
temperature or fluid flow).

Learning Resources:

 Online Courses:

o Coursera: "Mathematical Modeling" courses


o edX: "Mathematical Modeling" courses

 Textbooks:
o "An Introduction to Mathematical Modeling" by Edward A. Bender
o "Mathematical Modeling" by Mark M. Meerschaert

 Software Tools:
o MATLAB, Python (with libraries like NumPy, SciPy, SymPy), R

Example: Modeling Population Growth

Let's consider a simple example: modeling the growth of a population of bacteria.

1. Problem: Predict how the population size will change over time.
2. Assumptions: The growth rate is proportional to the current population size, and there are
no limiting factors.
3. Variables:

o P(t): Population size at time t


o r: Growth rate

4. Model Formulation: A differential equation describes the rate of change:

dP/dt = r * P

5.
6. Solution: The solution to this equation is an exponential function:

P(t) = P(0) * e^(r*t)

7. where P(0) is the initial population size.

This model can be used to predict future population sizes, assess the impact of
different growth rates, and explore scenarios like the effect of antibiotics.

Key Takeaways:

 Mathematical modeling is a powerful tool for understanding and solving real-world


problems.
 The modeling process involves simplification, assumption formulation, and mathematical
representation.
 There are various types of mathematical models, each suited for different types of problems.
 Learning mathematical modeling requires a solid foundation in mathematics, programming,
and critical thinking.

Feel free to ask if you have any more questions or would like to delve deeper into
specific aspects of mathematical modeling!

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