Declaration about me

From what little experience I have gained during this internship, I

strictly recommend the points listed below for all trainee engineers;

 Ability to prepare quantity takeoff sheet, bar schedules and

payment sheets.
 Ability and willingness to interact with skilled workers like the
foreman and carpenters to obtain technical than theoretical
knowledge.
 Devotion to the work at hand so that the construction is completed
within the estimated time and budget.
 Being sensitive to all the things that might alter or delay the
construction process so that all construction works are completed
within the schedule.
 Due considerations to quantities of materials required and used
during various phases of the project.

AKNOWLEDGEMENT
 First I would like to express my heartfelt sincerely thanks to the
almighty heavenly father god for his help at every state dependency in
my life.

Following that, I would like to thank my department of Civil and

urban Engineering and my mentor Ato Dawit for his invaluable
assistance constructive comments, criticism and devotion his precious
time on reading and correcting this paper.

I am delighted to express special thanks to engineers which are Ato

Hiwot and Ato Fresew gives the chance for apply pacts in the company
and foremen Ato Asfaw and Ato Lakew for his politely the consultants
Mulualem and Fasil forgiveness every matter which I want to give it.

EXECUTIVE SUMMERY

From the internship I got a lot of knowledge about the site and
office works. It gives me a good view about:-
  Mat foundation, shear wall, column, beam, ribbed slab
 The coordination of the workers
 How to change the plane in to actual position
.
To decide what objective to purchase and how to determine the
activities and also to accomplish one organization objectives, it is
necessarily planned every activities from the list up to the most.
If this works haven’t given proper attention and speed, we might lose
a huge amount of money and equipments. B/c of these reasons for the
success of the company they should give a proper attention for three things
which are;-
 Speed
 Time
 quality
To fulfilling these three things, the companies follow its planning
procedure, B/c when we planned something we produce a schedule for
future action to bring specified results at specified period of time
though all of my daily activities most of the time I try to fulfill above
three things

I always come from my home to the company on time when I

perform some tasks I try to finished with speed, but when I done my
tasks with speed;-

 I always consider quality.

 I always try my tasks with time and with a good quality.
 I always used procedure (plan procedure) for properly fulfill these
things:-
  I put my goal to perform my task.
 I make time frame in which I will be accomplished.
 And I sketch specific methods or steps to reach my goals.
For all I always try every part of my duties to accomplish with
speed, time, quality.

Challenges that happen on the company

I. When I start in A-Z real estate around kazanchies area the construction
building project is at 2nd floor (which is a ribbed slab), now it is some part of
7th floor slab formwork, but the company schedule shows at these time at
11th floor slab.

Some of the reasons for the company can’t run with it work progress
(schedule plan) is lack of managerial skill.

 Lack of managerial skill.

Any organization is established to accomplish certain defined

objective; these can be possible when human’s material, finical and time
resources are properly combined and effectively managed. In this regard the
knowledge of management enables managers to create favorable working
environment, which these sources are effectively utilized for the attainment
of objectives.

It is widely agreed that, one of the key factors influencing construction

industry effectiveness of the nature and quality of leadership management
process, in order to make appropriate contribution for the construction
industry manager need to develop management skills. Organizations
accomplished its objective managerial skill and lose its objective by lake of
managerial skill.
 It is obvious that lack of managerial skill which case on construction
industry are not such a simple as a result, most of managers have skill
program.

As it’s indicated in the above the managers are the major factor that
cause problems made a big challenge on work man.

II. Redesign the structural and architectural plan

The other issue that makes a big challenge in our company is
redesigning, b/c of interesting of the client:-
The previous column height is 2.76m (headroom) when the design is
designed for office purpose, but at that time the height is enough for office.
Now at this time the client want to change the room for shop and restaurant
purpose by means of this things the column height have to be increase and
to cover this problems the structural engineers design the columns again.
B/c of the client interests our company:-see fig-7
 The
project
progress
shows

backward from it schedule.

 The building loses its esthetical
value.
  Makes a different motivation b/n
the workers (lose their team
work).
III. Building defects (imperfection) rectification (correction)
work

Defects in building occur due to many reasons. Some of the reason may
be;

1. Poor workmanship
2. Poor material quality
3. Poorly prepared formwork and false work leading to leakage
4. Inappropriate mix design
5. Design problems
When I was in A-Z real estate, some of the defects I observed were;
a) Honey combing (voids)
b) Excess casting of concrete on stairs and difference in height of
risers
c) The creation of dig voids and holes between slab blocks

A brief yet concise explanation of the causes and remedies of the above
situations shall be presented.

A) Honey combing (voids)

 The major causes of voids or honey combs in this site were;

 Congestion of reinforcement
 Mix design
 Inadequate vibration
 Formwork leaks
 Excessive amount of aggregate without the presence of cement of
paste
 Accordingly, after identifying the cause of the voids, the repairing
processes are;
 Determining the size of renovate
 Determining the depth of repair
 Determining the rebar detail and congestion within repair area
 Shoring is required
 Selecting materials for restore
 Selecting the proper placement techniques
 Ensuring the filling of voids
 Creating composite bond with substrate

Some of the voids are advantageous when the finishing work starts, this
will help as;

 To avoid chiseling work on the structure member.

 To keep continuity of finishing work like plastering, screed.
 To achieve a good bondage to make the two material act as one.
 To minimize further cracking.
 Economical
Restore of concrete honeycomb (voids)
For area where Restore areas where small voids formed
 As mentioned in the above, after identifying or making this particular
area better maintenance at later stage when finishing work starts.
For area where loose concrete big voids are formed

 All loose and voids materials shall be removed deep enough by

chipping until it reach sound substrate.
 The final surface shall be slightly undercut to provide key for the
patch.
  Thoroughly wet and keep wet the surface of the concrete to be
patched for one hour.
 Apply good quality of concrete rich in cement, aggregate, white sand
chemical bond like nitobond (has tendency to a good bondage the old
concrete with new) and plasticizer (has a tendency of making
concrete of good quality, workability and filling where vibration is
not possible).

For area where deep voids are formed

 Adopt the same procedure as mentioned above (for area where loose
concrete and big honeycomb exist)
 The application of the concrete should be injection method of using
pumps.

We should keep in mind that when we perform the

above tasks

 No interruption of concrete allowed

 Thin and spike materials should be used to chisel or remove the loose
concrete not rupture the bond of concrete around the rebar outside the
repair area.
 The beam, slab or structure should be well supported braced before
any chiseling work start not to affect the structural capacity the
element. These supports will be removed after designated length of
curing time has completed.
 Conduct hammer test to insure that no voids exists after the temporary
support are removed.

B) Excess casting of concrete on stairs and difference

in height of risers
  It is better to correct when finishing work starts and the excess
concrete can be removed if the reinforcement bar is deep enough or
not exposed. Hence, nothing was done till the structural elements
were completed.

C) The creation of big voids and holes between slab

blocks
 Since the blocks are used as void filter on the rib slab design system
(not structural) these voids can be fixed when finishing work started.
Introduction
From internship program I improve a lot of knowledge from these
things:-
 upgrade my Practical skills and theoretical skills
 Interpersonal communication skills
 Teamwork skills
 Leadership skills
 Work ethics skills
 Entrepreneurship skills
 Improving Practical skills
Through the practice I develop a lot of knowledge concerned with
practical skill.
From the practical I develop:-
 The way how to read the drawing and interpret in to actual position.
 By refereeing the plan, how to prepare reinforcement bar for the
beam, columns, slabs etc…
 How they made formwork for the beam soffit, columns and ribbed
slab soffit and also spondee.
  When the concrete cast on slab or a beam, if they stop by different
reasons like , for E.g. human right watch’s saying that “one person
must be work 8 hours for 1day”.in our company we start work
@8:00am and we finish @5:00pm, therefore at this time if the slab or
the beam is not cast concrete fully (mean in all span) they must
stop at 1/3 of the span length b/c at this part the sheer is
approach to zero.
 Work flow of the company, office work, excavation etc...
 How can take the working space and its challenge when take and
without given space.
 Compactions of soil for minimize void spaces and intermediate
settlement.
 The practical skills improve my theoretical skills;-
For example:-when I done takeoff sheet in my office work I
coordinate my theoretical knowledge that I get from education.
The formwork I know on the paper I get on the real world through
practice they moves back to my theoretical part for practical skill
put form the way I memorize the theoretical knowledge that I
know on the paper; these pointed to me the way I used the
theoretical skills in to practice.
 Improving theoretical skill
For anybody that join the work of environment theoretical skill is one of
the most bases for all over the skills. B/c of those students must be analyzed
and clearly understand the theoretical part.
In my company I always try to integrate my theoretical part to the actual
Cleary and from the internship program I improve a lot of knowledge learned
with practical skills that mean I learned from the education class working
drawing, architectural design, structural design and others gives a wide view
for working on the practical world.
 The most things that I get through internship program the knowledge
how I can interpret the theoretical part to the practical ones.
From the practice I develop the way how to read and interpret the
drawings through practice and I always memorized the theoretical parts with
the practice.
 Interpersonal communication skill
A communication skill is very important through human life practice.
Without communication no one translates his ideas to another person; for
instance, in my practice program the way I translated words is the same but
the only difference are the code and the use of construction words.
For the first time in my company I am not active through the
communication by using construction words, but through practice I develop
my communication skills.
Our internship program provides for me:-
 The way to communicate with worker societies.
 Sometimes I express work related ideas with unskilled manpower,
foreman, consultant and site engineer.
Through these discussions I got how to express ideas to one others and
what message I have to take to improve the way of skills.
I develop communication skills through:-
 Direct verbal communication with the engineers.
 By asking what I do not know about the work.
 By asking daily activities the workers and the foreman.
 By asking the names of construction tools;-like from carpenters,
hammer, woodcutter, taping, And from steel workers, begga, steel
cutter, pisa etc
Fig-8 wood cutter fig-9 carpenter materials

Fig-10 Pinsa fig-11 begga fig-12 steel cutter

(Grinder)
 Guiding and collecting information
 Influencing the altitude and behavior of others
 Forming contacts and maintains relationships
 Making sense of the world and our experience in it
 Giving and receiving emotional support
 Make diction and solve problems
 Anticipate and predict behavior
 Regulate power
 For all the way that I communicate with for all workers in my company I
improved my communication skills and developed communication words.
 Improving my team playing skills
In my company every works is done by team works. These helps to move
parallel Works one after the other. Team work facilitates to execute work
with its duration time. The steel that I gained in my teams:-
 I improved intention of teams to forward the tasks.
 I improve how can I used individual knowledge as one.
 I know how parallel works move.
 I get the way how meet the company schedule by using the team.
 To design modification of design.
 To facing site challenges.

Fig-13. The coordination of the workers

 Improving my leadership skills
The actual performance of a work started with a function of direction,
planning, organization and staffing functions are concerned with the
preliminary works for the achievement of organizational objectives, but
leading (directing) deals with making employers (workers) learn techniques to
perform the job assigned to them.
 For myself I was improving my leading skills by direct participating in
the team.
 By combing my theoretical leader ship styles, I tried to motivate the
team and lead them to accomplish the goal of the company.
 In the other sides, I involved directing and coordinating of the
activities of subordinates by this. I get the skill of staffing and
motivating subordinates.
In my company I know:-
The techniques to perform the job assigned.
 The way guidance, supervision and motivation employers.
 The role of leaders how they coordinate planning organization and
staffing functions with the following leading off the team.
 The way of leading by identifying the intellectual emotional physical
and other personal characterizations.
Generally the internship program gives a good view about the role of
leading in any organization. How the leading is influencing others to
accomplish organizational goals.
For all I know about directing concerns the total manner in which a
manager influences the action of his subordinates. It is the final action of
managing others to act after all preparation has been completed.
 Improving my Work ethics
The company that I have internship program have put with a document
the right and regulation of workers.
Work ethics involve such characteristics as honesty and accountability.
Essentially, work ethics breakdown to what one does or would do in a
particular situation. Through the last few years there have been companies
whose work ethics honesty, integrity and accountability have been rather
shady and have a rather negative impact on other people. This has involve
people looking the other way when people have done something questionable
or thinking it would not matter.
Work ethics such as honesty (not lying, chatting and stealing), doing a
job well, valuing what one does having a sense of purpose and filling /being a
pert a greater vision or plan is vital. Philosophically if one does not have
proper work ethic, a person’s concise may be bothered people for the most
part have good work ethics/; we should not only want to do, but design to do
the proper thing in a given situation. Work ethics are intrinsic; they come
from, if they come from within. The company that I have internship
program have put with a document the right and regulation of workers.
Work ethics is one of the regulations that the workers follows on the job
task. In the company we always use safety rules during the job we follow
every work ethics for good forward of the project. If the workers environment
well connected on their work they put negative progress on the project
progress. B/c of these any company by following all the regulation of work
ethics they get positive regulation their project progress. These are one of the
important skills that every worker knows in every day to day work activities
in the construction industries.
In every my activities I follow all the regulation of the company because
of these I improve my work ethics skills on my work tasks, I always:-
 Used safety rule like hamlet, hand glove and eyeglass etc…
 Friend well relation with the workers.
 Come in the morning on time before the work started.
 Follow the rule on the production and on the usage of construction
materials.
 Never do bad thing that put negative sign on the project.
  Do every works all my assistance gives for done.
Generally following the company relation, doing every given work with
procedure, using safety rules, well relation with the workers I get new
knowledge about work ethics construction industries.

Fig-14 helmet
Improving my entrepreneurship skills
In my company sometimes challenges happened on the project. If we
can’t face out this challenge with in a time, it put its sign project duration. We
always provide a new thing to face out the challenges and put the project on
the regulation way to meet the present project schedule.
Sometimes new challenges happened in our company b/c of it, new we
can’t face if by the present way. We provide new facing ideas with
cooperating the workers. We face it every challenges, these things gives for
me a good knowledge about creating a new ideas to face out any challenge on
the construction, these thing gives for me a good knowledge about internship
skills.
Generally, cheating a new way for the works to move project parallel.
Providing a new idea to face out challenges. Cheating a new idea for the
company to meet the project duration and also:-
  Challenges always happened on the construction industry.
 Providing better way for the work flow and project duration.
 My assistance gives for me the chance to create a new idea on the
task.
 Up and down (backwardness or forwardness) or not smoothly move
off the project.
 Give a huge entrepreneurship skill for me.

Conclusion
All in all, during four month internship experience, I have been able to
observe that as an construction engineer, the main tasks that I am supported
to perform include:
 Management
 Quantity specification
 Equipment organization
 Man power organization
 Site establishment
 Work supervision
 About skills
Management is perfect, when human, material, and finical and time
resources are properly combined and effectively managed. In this regard the
knowledge of management enables managers to create favorable working
environment. In quantity specification, I am referring to determining the
approximate amount of construction materials like steel, concrete and borrow
materials. Equipment organization on the other hand refers to the
assigning of the proper number of tools like the shovel, hammer and wheel
barrows and so on with an adequate efficient number of labor. Site
establishment is the preliminary step of starting site work. Through site
establishment, proper locations of various components like the store, crane,
mixer, water reservoir and material duping areas are set. Supervision is the
proper follow up that is done so that the design is properly converted into a
reality and workmanship errors exist. My skills are the main things in for the
construction environment, some examples that I improve are; when I say my
practical skills I notice different work section. Like concrete casting, carpenters
work and steel workers and also I got a skill how to coordinate this work section
and I got another practical skills other than civil parts like electrical installation
and so on. So regarding practical skills, internship program is essential. When I
come to interpersonal communication skills, I got skills to communicate with
different respected peoples and workers of the site, so internship program was
give me such a good things. And team playing skills also my important area that
internship program give me. So internship program was giving me such a good
thing. Responding leadership I got a good skill how to lead the work and the
workers smoothly and I got some basic work ethics and so on.
 Recommendation
I recommend the company BamaCon engineering PLC and its
workers, in the areas that I observe such as
 Managements
 Quality of work
 Adequacy of the work
 Safety
When I say managements, from my point of view, the management
was good. But in man power managements, I see some wastage. So I
recommend the company to improve amount of money of day salary.
Regarding quality and adequacy of the work, I can speak confidently
that is the best company which can be seen the building that it done. So I
recommend that it would continue in its good quality.
Regarding safety of the workers, I saw something that is not good,
like all the works haven’t Hamlet and safety shoes. And also I don’t see
stand by car for emergency case. So I recommend the company to
facilitate those safety shoes and Hamlet and prepare car at all site.
Generally, BamaCon engineering PLC is the best, working in this
company is nice and I recommend all to work in this company.
Reference
To write this final internship report I use supporting materials such as;
Internet accesses
Company profile
Course related books
 Appendix
This consisting consists:-

1. Material component per unit of building construction work items

the quality indicated for each component are computed considering the
possible wastage, breakage and shrinkage depending on the material
type. But in case of concrete of cement can differ from that indicated in
this guide due to factors like, quality and size of other materials
components etc…
2. Estimating average performance rate
Output rat for the same kind of works can widely vary depend on type,
complexity and location of building to built, condition, skills of labors etc..
Preparation and completion of a compressive and accurate performance
also demands coordinated used of the necessary of resources,
approaching and exploiting the available data sources.
Till then the performance rates that are indicated in this guide are only
estimated average they are intended to help in preparation of engineers
estimate and related costs within the building design enterprise only.

Standard concrete mix

Standard box sized :40*50*16cm internal dimension

40*50*18cm “ “

40*50*20cm “ “

Minimum slump: 30mm

Maximum slump: 60mm

Concrete Materials Numbers & size of Cement content
Grade boxes/50kg of Kg/m3
cement
C-5 1 cement
Sand 5- 40*50*20cm3
Crashed aggregate 7- 40*50*20cm3 150
water 50L
C-15 1 cement
Sand 2.5- 40*50*20cm3
Crashed aggregate 4- 40*50*20cm3 280
Water 35L
C-20 1 cement
Sand 2- 40*50*20cm3
Crashed aggregate 3- 40*50*20cm3 320
Water 30L
C-25 1 cement
Sand 2- 40*50*18cm3
Crashed aggregate 3- 40*50*18cm3 360
Water 28L
C-30 1 cement
Sand 2- 40*50*16cm3
Crashed aggregate 3- 40*50*16cm3 400
Water 25L
C-40 1 cement
Sand 3- 40*50*18cm3
Crashed aggregate 5- 40*50*18cm3 240
Water …….

material compo. For unit work

Item work item
no Unit item Unit qty.
01 fill material sub- M3 M3 1.250
base
02 hard-core, 200mm M3 Stone M3 0.250
thick Crushed M3 0.030
stone
03 hard-core, 250mm M3 Stone M3 0.310
thick Crushed M3 0.030
stone
3.CONCRETE WORK
3.1 cast in situ
concrete
01 C-5 M3 Cement Kg 150.00
Sand M3 0.581
aggregate M3 0.835
02 C-7 M3 Cement Kg 200
Sand M3
aggregate M3
03 C-15 M3 Cement Kg 280.00
Sand M3 0.528
aggregate M3 0.774
3.2 reinforced
concrete
04 C-20 M3 Cement Kg 320.00
Sand M3 0.514
aggregate M3 0.740
05 C-25 M3 Cement Kg 360
Sand M3 0.500
aggregate M3 0.720
06 C-30 M3 Cement Kg 400.00
Sand M3 0.488
aggregate M3 0.701
07 Light weight M3 Cement Kg 220.00
concrete Sand M3 0.720
aggregate M3 0.540

Ite Work item uni item uni Qty.

m t t
No
3.3 form work
08 For beam and columns M2 Boards M3 0.013
Batten M3 0.006
Eucalyptos M 1.050
Nail Kg 0.300
09 For slab M2 Board M3 0.013
Batten M3 0.006
Beams M3 0.005
Props(Euc) Ml 1.500
Brace(Euc) Ml 1.000
Nail Kg 0.220
3.4 reinforcement kg Reinforcement bar Kg 1.050
Tying wire kg 0.020
4.MASONRY WORK STONE WALL
01 Concealed form view M3 Stone M3 1.300
Mortar(1:4) M3 0.330
Cement Qtl 1.100
Sand M3 0.300
Mortar(1:3) M3 0.330
Cement Qtl 1.210
sand M3 0.260
02 Exposed face(one side left for M3 Stone M3 1.400
further finish) Mortar(1:4) M3 0.330
Cement Qtl 1.100
Sand M3 0.300
Mortar(1:3) M3 0.330
Cement Qtl 0.210
sand M3 0.260
03 Exposed face left for further finish M3 Stone M3 1.500
Mortar, cement
And same as item
01&02
5. HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCK
WORK
04 200mm thick M2 H.C.B N0 12.65
 Mortar(1:4) M3 0.022
Cement Qtl 0.065
sand M3 0.024
05 150mm thick M2 H.C.B N0 12.65
Mortar(1:4) M3 0.022
Cement Qtl 0.065
sand M3 0.024
06 100mm thick M2 H.C.B N0 12.65
Mortar(1:4) M3 0.012
Cement Qtl 0.035
sand M3 0.036
6.BRICK WALLS
07 120mm thick M2 Brick N0 57.70
Mortar(1:4) M3 0.035
Cement qtl 0.130
sand M3 0.040
08 250mm thick M2 Brick N0 115.4
Mortar(1:4) M3 0.070
Cement qtl 0.260
sand M3 0.080
7. ROOF AND WALL CLADDING
01 Roof wall M2 Sheet M2 1.250
Nails Kg 0.076
02 Roof hage M2 Cover M 1.050
Nail kg 0.041
03 Gutter ml Flat sheet M 1.050
Fixing bracket N0 1.050
04 Down pipe ml Flat sheet M 1.050
Fixing strap N0 1.050
8. CARPENTRY AND JOINERY
Carpentry
01 Truss N0 Upper chord M 1.18
Lower chord M 1.00
Vertical and M 1.01
diagonal
Nail kg 0.490
02 Purlin ml Purlin M 1.100
 Nails kg 0.070
03 Celing/ soffit M2 Covering mtrl M2 1.050
Batten M 4.000
Eucalyptus braces M 1.230
Eucalyptus M 1.230
suspension
Nails kg 0.170
04 Fascia and brage board ml Board M 1.100
Nail Kg 0.030
Paint lt 0.100
05 Starting timber ml Board M 1.100
Nail kg 0.050
06 Door N0 Door set N0 1.050
9.PLASTER AND POINTING
Two coat of plaster
01 Compomertar M2 Cement Qtl 0.056
Lime Qtl 0.039
Sand M3 0.017
02 Cement plaster M2 Cement Qtl 0.078
sand M3 0.018
03 Fine coat lime plaster M2 Lime Qtl 0.026
sand M3 0.003
04 Fine coat gypsum plaster M2 Gypsum Qtl 0.017
lime qtl 0.058
05 Fine coat cement plaster M2 Cement Qtl 0.019
sand M3 0.003
06 Final render coat M2 Cement Qtl 0.013
Lime Qtl 0.032
Sand M3 0.005
Cement pointing mortar
Mix 1:2
07 Brick wall M2 Mortar M3 0.013
Cement Qtl 0.013
sand M3 0.003
08 Hollow brick wall M2 Mortar M3 0.001
Cement Qtl 0.007
Sand M3 0.002
09 Stone wall M2 Mortar M3 0.004
Cement Qtl 0.021
sand M3 0.004
10. FROOR AND WALL FINISH
01 Cement/terrazzo/marble flooring M2 Tile M2 1.020
& stops. Mortar M3 0.030
Grouting M3 0.001
Cement Qtl 0.140
sand M3 0.032
02 Ceramic wall tile(150*150) M2 Tile N0 45.30
Mortar M3 0.011
Wnite cement grou M3 0.001
Cement Qtl 0.060
sand M3 0.010
03 Mosaic tie (27*2mm) M2 Tile M2 1.020
Mortar M3 0.010
Grouting M3 0.001
Cement Qtl 0.060
sand M3 0.010
Cement screed
04 Mix 1:3 M3 Mortar M3 1.260
Cement Qtl 4.410
sand M3 1.080
05 Mix 1:4 M3 Mortar M3 1.260
Cement Qtl 3.530
sand M3 1.080
06 PVC tile firg M2 Tile M2 1.020
Adhesive kg 0.350
Skirting
07 Cement terrazzo material M2 Tile M2 1.050
Mortar M3 0.030
Cement Qtl 0.130
sand M3 0.030
08 PVC ml Tile M 1.050
Adhesive kg 0.040
09 Stone paving (dressed) M2 Stone M3 1.050
Sand bed M3 0.105
 Mortar M3 0.038
Cement Qtl 0.210
sand M3 0.040
11.PAINTING
01 Oil paint M2 1st coat Lt 0.060
2nd coat Lt 0.055
3rd coat Lt 0.045
02 Plastic paint M2 1st coat Lt 0.100
2nd coat Lt 0.080
3rd coat Lt 0.066
03 M2 Primer Lt 0.050
2nd coat Lt 0.070
3rd coat Lt 0.055
12.GLAZING
01 Glass in seco profile M2 Glass M2 1.100
Putty kg 1.000
02 Glass in other sections M2 Glass M2 1.000
Putty kg 0.500
13. PRECAST CONCRETE PIPES
01 Diameter 100mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.002
Cement qtl 0.0025
Sand m3 0.003
02 Diameter 150mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.003
Cement qtl 0.018
Sand m3 0.003
03 Diameter 200mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.004
Cement qtl 0.020
Sand m3 0.004
04 Diameter 300mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.005
Cement qtl 0.030
Sand m3 0.006
05 Diameter 400mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.008
 Cement qtl 0.060
Sand m3 0.010
06 Diameter 500mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.010
Cement qtl 0.080
Sand m3 0.020
07 Diameter 600mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.016
Cement qtl 0.100
Sand m3 0.020
08 Diameter 800mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.020
Cement qtl 0.150
Sand m3 0.030
09 Diameter 1000mm ml Pipe m 1.050
Mortar m3 0.030
Cement qtl 0.180
Sand m3 0.030