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ESO202 HW 07 2024 21 Sep

Physics problems

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73 views4 pages

ESO202 HW 07 2024 21 Sep

Physics problems

Uploaded by

nikitajhajharia.854
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ESO202: Mechanics of Solids

Homework #07: Strain-strain, temperature relations


21 September 2024
You are not required to submit your solution. Numbers in brackets are the problem numbers from the
textbook.

Question 1 (5.1)
An elastic material with a modulus of elasticity 𝐸 and Poisson’s ratio 𝜈 originally fills a square cavity of sides
2𝑎 and height 𝐿 in a rigid block. A rigid cap is placed on top of the elastic material, and when there is a force
𝐹𝑜 acting on the cap the height of the elastic material is observed to have decreased by an amount 𝑐. Calculate
the magnitude of the force 𝐹𝑜 .
(1−𝜈) 4𝐸𝑎2 𝑐
[Ans. 𝐹𝑜 = (1+𝜈)(1−2𝜈) ]
𝐿

Question 2 (5.8)
The stresses in a flat steel plate in a condition of plane stress are 𝜎𝑥 = 130 MPa, 𝜎𝑦 = −70 MPa, 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 80
MPa. Find the magnitude and orientation of the principal strains in the plane of the plate. Find also the
magnitudes of the third principal strain (perpendicular to the plane of the plate). Take 𝐸 = 205 GPa and 𝜈 =
0.3.
[Ans. (a) 𝜀1 = 914 × 10−6, 𝜀2 = 709 × 10−6 , 𝜃 = 17.3°
(b) 𝜀𝑧 = −87 × 10−6 ]

Question 3 (5.12)
A long, thin-walled cylindrical tank has a radius 𝑟 and a wall thickness 𝑡. Its ends are closed, and when a
pressure 𝑝 is put in the tank a strain gage mounted on the outside surface in a direction parallel to the axis of
the tank measures a strain of 𝜀𝑜 . What is the pressure in the tank?
2𝑡𝐸𝜀
𝑜
[Ans. 𝑝 = 𝑟(1−2𝜈)]

Question 4 (5.14)
A small experimental pressure vessel is made from a 20 cm long brass cylinder of 15 cm mean diameter and
0.2 cm wall thickness, and two 1 cm thick steel plates held together by three 0.5 cm diameter steel bolts set on
a 20 cm diameter bolt circle. The vessel is put together with the nuts on the three bolts brought up snugly, and
then each nut is tightened one-half turn additional. Estimate the internal pressure at which the vessel is certain
to leak. Take 𝐸𝑆 = 200 GPa for steel and 𝐸𝐵 = 100 GPa and 𝜈𝐵 = 0.34 for brass.
[Ans. 𝑝 = 1.76 MPa]

ESO202: HW #7 Page 1 of 4 Semester 2024-25-I


Question 5 (5.20)
A long, thin-walled cylindrical tank of length 𝐿 just fits between two rigid end walls when there is no pressure
in the tank. Estimate the force exerted on the rigid walls by the tank when the pressure in the tank is 𝑝 and the
material of which the tank is made follows Hooke’s law.
[Ans. 𝐹 = 𝑝𝜋𝑟 2 (1 − 2𝜈)]

Question 6 (5.32)
A stiff horizontal bar 012 is hinged at one end. Two rods of equal length and area are attached to the bar as
shown. The material of the rods is elastic perfectly plastic. The load 𝑃 is increased until both rods have become
plastic, and then it is removed. Find the residual stresses in the two rods. Find also the change in angle which
the bar 012 makes with the horizontal when the load is removed.
3𝑌 𝑌 3𝑌𝐿
[Ans. 𝜎𝑟1 = 5 , 𝜎2𝑟 = − 5, 𝜃𝑟 = 5𝐸𝑐]

ESO202: HW #7 Page 2 of 4 Semester 2024-25-I


Question 7 (5.41)
Shown is a steel bolt and nut and an aluminum sleeve. The bolt has 6 threads per cm and, when the
material is at 60°F, the nut is tightened one-quarter turn. The temperature is then raised from 60 to
100°F. Determine the stresses in both the bolt and sleeve. Given: 𝐸𝐵 = 200 GPa and 𝛼𝐵 =
10 × 10−6 /°C for the bolt, and 𝐸𝑆 = 70 GPa and 𝛼𝑆 = 20 × 10−6 °C for the sleeve.
[Ans. 𝜎𝐵 = 190.7 MPa, 𝜎𝑆 = −245.3 MPa]

Question 8 (5.43)
In the structure shown, all three bars have the same cross-sectional area 𝐴 and are compelled to have
the same length 𝐿, although this common length is free to expand or contract as the temperature
changes. The bar materials have unequal thermal expansion coefficients and elastic moduli: 𝛼1 = 𝛼,
𝛼2 = 2𝛼, 𝐸1 = 𝐸, and 𝐸2 = 2𝐸. Material 1 is elastic-plastic, being ideally plastic beyond a strain of
𝜖𝑌 , while material 2 can be taken to remain elastic throughout the excursions described below. The
system is assembled at temperature 𝑇 = 0 with no stress in the bars. The problem is to analyze the
behavior of the structure as the temperature 𝑇 is increased. Specifically, answer the following
questions:
(a) If 𝑇 is small enough, the entire system is elastic and the displacement 𝑢 returns to zero when
𝑇 returns to zero. Find the limiting temperature 𝑇𝑌 for which, as soon as 𝑇 > 𝑇𝑌 , some yielding
occurs in material 1.
(b) When 𝑇 = 𝑇𝑌 , what is the corresponding displacement 𝑢?
(c) If now the temperature is raised to 𝑇 = 2𝑇𝑌 , what is the displacement 𝑢 at this temperature?
(d) When the temperature is 𝑇 = 2𝑇𝑌 , what is the plastic strain in the material 1?
2𝜖𝑌
[Ans. (a) 𝑇𝑌 = , (b) 𝑢 = 3𝜖𝑌 𝐿, (c) 𝑢 = 7𝜖𝑌 𝐿, (d) 𝜖1𝑃 = 2𝜖𝑌 ]
𝛼

ESO202: HW #7 Page 3 of 4 Semester 2024-25-I


Question 9 (5.27)
A batch of 2024-T4 aluminum alloy yields in uniaxial tension at the stress 𝜎𝑜 = 330 MPa. If this
material is subjected to the following state of stress, will it yield according to (a) the Mises criterion,
and (b) the maximum shear stress criterion?
𝜎𝑥 = 138 MPa, 𝜎𝑦 = −69 MPa, 𝜎𝑧 = 0, 𝜏𝑥𝑦 = 138 MPa, 𝜏𝑦𝑧 = 𝜏𝑧𝑥 = 0
[Ans. (a) will not yield, (b) will yield]

ESO202: HW #7 Page 4 of 4 Semester 2024-25-I

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